Radial diffusivity is the best global biomarker able to discriminate healthy elders, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease: A diagnostic study of DTI-derived data.

Introduction: For the past two decades, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-derived metrics allowed the characterization of Alzheimer's disease (AzD). Previous studies reported only a few parameters (most commonly fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, and axial and radial diffusivities measured at selected regions). We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of 11 DTI-derived tensor metrics by using a global approach.

Diagnostic performance of regional DTI-derived tensor metrics in glioblastoma multiforme: simultaneous evaluation of p, q, L, Cl, Cp, Cs, RA, RD, AD, mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy.

Objectives: Almost a dozen diffusion tensor-imaging (DTI) variables have been used to evaluate brain tumours with scarce information about their diagnostic ability. We aimed to perform a comprehensive evaluation of tensor metrics reported in the last decade.

Methods: Retrospective case control study performed in 14 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and 28 controls.

Secondary MRI-findings, volumetric and spectroscopic measurements in mesial temporal sclerosis: a multivariate discriminant analysis.

Introduction: Primary- and secondary MR findings, volumetric measurements and MR spectroscopy data of each hippocampus represent more a dozen of variables that radiologists should consider in a quantitative MR report of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). There is a paucity of data about the significance of secondary MR findings simultaneously evaluated with volumetry and MR spectroscopy. We analyzed the influence of qualitative-secondary MR findings simultaneously with quantitative (volumetry and spectroscopy) data in MRI positive- and negative patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS).

[Imaging anatomy of the cranial nerves using 3.0 Tesla MRI: a practical review for clinicians].

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the method of choice to evaluate the cranial nerves (CN). These nerves constitute a group of structures that have acquired during their phylogenetic development a high degree of specialization. There are 12 pairs of CN to which we use their specific name or number.

3D volumetry comparison using 3T magnetic resonance imaging between normal and adenoma-containing pituitary glands.

Background: Computed-assisted three-dimensional data (3D) allows for an accurate evaluation of volumes compared with traditional measurements.

Aims: An in vitro method comparison between geometric volume and 3D volumetry to obtain reference data for pituitary volumes in normal pituitary glands (PGs) and PGs containing adenomas.

Design: Prospective, transverse, analytical study.

In vivo 3T spectroscopic quantification of liver fat content in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Correlation with biochemical method and morphometry.

Background & Aims: The clinical application of liver fat quantification has increased in recent years, paralleling the epidemic increase in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The aim of this study was to perform a diagnostic evaluation of spectroscopy by comparing its measurement of total lipid content with that from liver biopsies and morphometry in normal subjects and patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Methods: Patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis underwent 3T MR cholangiography with spectroscopic quantification of TLC.

Imaging techniques for assessing hepatic fat content in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an emerging clinical entity with worldwide recognition, is today the most common cause of abnormal liver function tests among adults in the United States. In Mexico City, its prevalence has been reported by our group to be around 14%, but its incidence is higher in the hispanic population in the United States (hispanic population 45%, white population 33%, black population 24%). The main issues in the diagnosis, follow-up, and management of NAFLD are our limited understanding of its pathophysiology and the difficulties involved in developing a noninvasive diagnostic method.

[A review of current concepts in evidence-based radiology].

It has been noted that "Good doctors use both individual clinical expertise and the best available external evidence, and neither alone is enough. " Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is defined as the process of systematically finding, critically appraising, and using contemporary research published in the medical literature as a basis to make decisions regarding individual patient care and health care policy. In radiology, including its diagnostic and interventional aspects, the principles and practice of EBM have not been thoroughly studied.

[Mesial temporal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy: quantitative magnetic resonance imaging assesment with 3.0 Tesla].

Recent studies show that up to 70% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have a hippocampal deficit known as temporal mesial sclerosis (TME) characterized by neuron loss and gliosis, and considered the main epileptogenic focus among this type of patients. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of TME include atrophy and hippocampus hyperintensitY in the long TR sequences (Flair and T2). The 3.

[Wallenberg syndrome: magnetic imaging findings and clinical correlation].

Wallenberg's syndrome is one of the most common clinically recognized conditions due to brain stem infarct, which can nowadays be identified by modern neuro-imaging techniques. We describe a patient complaining of miosis, dysphonia, and dysphagia followed by ataxia. An MRI evaluation was performed including diffusion-weighted imaging, apparent diffusion coefficient, T2-weighted images, fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and perfusion.

A multi-center, comparative, phase 3 study to determine the efficacy of gadofosveset-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for evaluation of renal artery disease.

Purpose: To determine prospectively the safety and efficacy of the blood-pool contrast agent gadofosveset trisodium in renal artery magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).

Materials And Methods: Gadofosveset (0.03 mmol/kg) was administered to adult patients with known or suspected renal arterial disease in a multi-center phase 3 single dose study.

Subdural hematoma in a teenager related to roller-coaster ride.

Reports about neurological injury related to roller-coaster rides mostly involve adults; we present a case of subdural hematoma in a pediatric patient presented 14 days after a roller-coaster ride. These rides show extreme up-and-down, to-and-fro, and rotatory acceleration/deceleration forces that could produce tensile and shearing stresses with tearing of bridging cerebral veins resulting in subdural hemorrhage. Pediatricians should consider roller-coaster riding a modern cause of subdural hematoma, as well as a possible cause of unexplained neurologic events in otherwise healthy adolescents.

Source analysis of polyspike and wave complexes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

We applied dipole modeling and brain distributed source analysis to find current sources comprising spikes and slow waves of polyspike and wave complexes (PSWC) in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). The dipoles were localized in frontal, parietal and temporal lobes. The frontal dipoles were clustered in the frontal medial gyrus and fronto-orbital region.

EEG source localization of interictal epileptiform activity in patients with partial complex epilepsy: comparison between dipole modeling and brain distributed source models.

The precision between dipole Brain Electric Source Analysis (BESA) and brain distributed Variable Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (VARETA) models for the localization of brain sources of interictal epileptiform discharges in patients with partial complex epilepsy was compared. The localization of brain sources calculated with dipole analysis and variable resolution electromagnetic tomography in 20 interictal recordings was analyzed. The origin of the dipoles was temporal in 18 cases, frontal in 1 and occipital in another.