Ensembl 2025.

Ensembl (www.ensembl.org) is an open platform integrating publicly available genomics data across the tree of life with a focus on eukaryotic species related to human health, agriculture and biodiversity.

Donepezil Nanoemulsion Induces a Torpor-like State with Reduced Toxicity in Nonhibernating Tadpoles.

Achieving a reversible decrease of metabolism and other physiological processes in the whole organism, as occurs in animals that experience torpor or hibernation, could contribute to increased survival after serious injury. Using a Bayesian network tool with transcriptomic data and chemical structure similarity assessments, we predicted that the Alzheimer's disease drug donepezil (DNP) could be a promising candidate for a small molecule drug that might induce a torpor-like state. This was confirmed in a screening study with tadpoles, a nonhibernator whole animal model.

No Switching Cooperativity between Coordinated Azo Ligands on Complexes Having {M(phosphane-κ)} (M = Pd, Pt) Scaffolds.

A series of square-planar palladium and platinum compounds with -blocking phosphanes and terminal azobenzene ligands [M(dppp)(azo)](OTf) (azo = CN(CH)-N═N-(CH)CN (), CN(CH)-N═N-(CH) ()) and [{M(tpbz)}(azo)](OTf) (azo = CN(CH)-N═N-(CH) ()) have been synthesized and fully characterized. Similarly to the uncoordinated ligands, the new coordination compounds have shown to be photochemically active with respect to their trans-to-cis isomerization process. Their cis-to-trans back spontaneous reaction have been studied as a function of solvent, temperature and pressure and the corresponding activation parameters determined in order to investigate the mechanism of these transformations.

Structure-Activity Relationship of Natural Dihydrochalcones and Chalcones, and Their Respective Oxyalkylated Derivatives as Anti- Agents.

sp. is a pathogenic oomycete responsible for severe economic losses in aquaculture. To date, there is no treatment for its control that is effective and does not pose a threat to the environment and human health.

Plant Cyanogenic-Derived Metabolites and Herbivore Counter-Defences.

The release of cyanide from cyanogenic precursors is the central core of the plant defences based on the cyanogenesis process. Although cyanide is formed as a coproduct of some metabolic routes, its production is mostly due to the degradation of cyanohydrins originating from cyanogenic glycosides in cyanogenic plants and the 4-OH-ICN route in Brassicaceae. Cyanohydrins are then hydrolysed in a reversible reaction generating cyanide, being both, cyanohydrins and cyanide, toxic compounds with potential defensive properties against pests and pathogens.

The RIN4-like/NOI proteins NOI10 and NOI11 modulate the response to biotic stresses mediated by RIN4 in Arabidopsis.

NOI10 and NOI11 are two RIN4-like/NOI proteins that participate in the immune response of the Arabidopsis plant and affect the RIN4-regulated mechanisms involving the R-proteins RPM1 and RPS2. The immune response in plants depends on the regulation of signaling pathways triggered by pathogens and herbivores. RIN4, a protein of the RIN4-like/NOI family, is considered to be a central immune signal in the interactions of plants and pathogens.

Ensembl 2024.

Ensembl (https://www.ensembl.org) is a freely available genomic resource that has produced high-quality annotations, tools, and services for vertebrates and model organisms for more than two decades.

The Arabidopsis thioredoxin TRXh5regulates the S-nitrosylation pattern of the TIRK receptor being both proteins essential in the modulation of defences to Tetranychus urticae.

The interaction between plants and phytophagous arthropods encompasses a complex network of molecules, signals, and pathways to overcome defences generated by each interacting organism. Although most of the elements and modulators involved in this interplay are still unidentified, plant redox homeostasis and signalling are essential for the establishment of defence responses. Here, focusing on the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to the spider mite Tetranychus urticae, we demonstrate the involvement in plant defence of the thioredoxin TRXh5, a small redox protein whose expression is induced by mite infestation.

Fe(II) complexes of pyridine-substituted thiosemicarbazone ligands as catalysts for oxidations with hydrogen peroxide.

The reaction of three [Fe(TSC)] complexes, where TSC is a pyridine-substituted thiosemicarbazone of the HDpT or HBpT families, with HO in acetonitrile solution does not result in the accumulation of the corresponding [Fe(TSC)] complexes. Instead, a mixture of diamagnetic low-spin Fe species is generated. According to the MS spectra, those species result from the sequential addition of up to five oxygen atoms to the complex.

Prehospital Lessons From the War in Ukraine: Damage Control Resuscitation and Surgery Experiences From Point of Injury to Role 2.

The ongoing war in Ukraine presents unique challenges to prehospital medical care for wounded combatants and civilians. The purpose of this article is to identify, describe, and address gaps in prehospital care, casualty evacuation, and medical evacuation throughout Ukraine to share lessons for other providers. Observations and experiences of medical personnel were collected and analyzed, focusing on pain management, antibiotic use, patient assessment, mass casualty triage, blood loss, hypothermia, transport immobilization, and clinical governance.

Effect of elaboration process, crop year and irrigation on acrylamide levels of potential table olive varieties.

Background: Table olives are widely consumed in the Mediterranean diet, and several typical Spanish and Portuguese varieties could potentially be used as such. In order to ensure a good-quality product, the effect of different factors such as elaboration processes, irrigation conditions, crop year and their crossover interaction on acrylamide content and antioxidant compounds needs to be deeply studied.

Results: When looking through irrigation, regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) presented lower acrylamide levels than rainfed conditions for 'Cordovil de Elvas', 'Picual' and 'Verdeal Alentejana'.

Steric hindrance, ligand ejection and associated photocytotoxic properties of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes.

Two ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes were prepared with the {Ru(phen)} moiety and a third sterically non-hindering bidentate ligand, namely 2,2'-dipyridylamine (dpa) and N-benzyl-2,2'-dipyridylamine (Bndpa). Hence, complexes [Ru(phen)(dpa)](PF) (1) and [Ru(phen)(Bndpa)](PF) (2) were characterized and their photochemical behaviour in solution (acetonitrile and water) was subsequently investigated. Compounds 1 and 2, which do not exhibit notably distorted octahedral coordination environments, contrarily to the homoleptic "parent" compound [Ru(phen)](PF), experience two-step photoejection of the dpa and Bndpa ligand upon irradiation (1050-430 nm) for several hours.

Kinetico-Mechanistic Studies on a Reactive Organocopper(II) Complex: Cu-C Bond Homolysis versus Heterolysis.

Organocopper(II) reagents are an unexplored frontier of copper catalysis. Despite being proposed as reactive intermediates, an understanding of the stability and reactivity of the Cu-C bond has remained elusive. Two main pathways can be considered for the cleavage mode of a Cu-C bond: homolysis and heterolysis.

Iron complexes of bridging azo ligands in aqueous solution: changes in the thermal switching mechanism on coordination and oxidation state of metal centres.

Three azobenzenes CN(CH)-NN-(CHN) (py-iso), CN(CH)-NN-(CH)CN (cyano-iso) and CN(CH)-NN-(CH)NC (iso-iso) with good coordinating groups (pyridine, phenylcyano or phenylisocyano) at the ends of the diazenyl unit have been synthesized and fully characterised. These compounds have been used as ligands in the synthesis of water-soluble metallic species by coordination to {Fe(CN)} units, either in one or two of the anchoring groups of the derivatives. Both the azo derivatives and their complexes are photochemically active with respect to their -to- isomerisation process.

Opposite roles of MAPKKK17 and MAPKKK21 against in Arabidopsis.

After recognizing a biotic stress, plants activate signalling pathways to fight against the attack. Typically, these signalling pathways involve the activation of phosphorylation cascades mediated by Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs). In the - plant-herbivore model, several Arabidopsis MAP kinases are induced by the mite attack.

Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater with Poly-ε-Caprolactone-Reinforced Chitosan Composite.

Currently, the requirements for adsorbent materials are based on their environmentally friendly production and biodegradability. However, they are also related to the design of materials to sustain many cycles in pursuit of low cost and profitable devices for water treatments. In this regard, a chitosan reinforced with poly-ε-caprolactone thermoplastic composite was prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy; Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, mechanical properties, as well as erosion and swelling assays.

Comparative and evolutionary analysis of Arabidopsis RIN4-like/NOI proteins induced by herbivory.

The spider mite Tetranychus urticae is an economically important agricultural pest, which feeds on a broad spectrum of plant species. In an RNAseq experiment performed in our laboratory, 4 of the 15 members of the RIN4-like/NOI family of Arabidopsis thaliana were significantly overexpressed after T. urticae infestation.

Chlorine Concentration Modelling and Supervision in Water Distribution Systems.

The quality of the drinking water distributed through the networks has become the main concern of most operators. This work focuses on one of the most important variables of the drinking water distribution networks (WDN) that use disinfection, chlorine. This powerful disinfectant must be dosed carefully in order to reduce disinfection byproducts (DBPs).

Amino acids with fluorescent tetrazine ethers as bioorthogonal handles for peptide modification.

A set of 3-bromo-1,2,4,5-tetrazines with three distinct substitutions have been used as reagents for late-stage functionalization of small molecules through nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Spectroscopic studies of the products obtained proved that tetrazine ethers are intrinsically fluorescent. This fluorescence is lost upon inverse Electron-Demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA) cycloaddition with strained alkenes.

Plant Kinases in the Perception and Signaling Networks Associated With Arthropod Herbivory.

The success in the response of plants to environmental stressors depends on the regulatory networks that connect plant perception and plant response. In these networks, phosphorylation is a key mechanism to activate or deactivate the proteins involved. Protein kinases are responsible for phosphorylations and play a very relevant role in transmitting the signals.

Hydroxynitrile lyase defends Arabidopsis against Tetranychus urticae.

Plant-pest interactions involve multifaceted processes encompassing a complex crosstalk of pathways, molecules, and regulators aimed at overcoming defenses developed by each interacting organism. Among plant defensive compounds against phytophagous arthropods, cyanide-derived products are toxic molecules that directly target pest physiology. Here, we identified the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) gene encoding hydroxynitrile lyase (AtHNL, At5g10300) as one gene induced in response to spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) infestation.