Reliability of Automated RECIST 1.1 and Volumetric RECIST Target Lesion Response Evaluation in Follow-Up CT-A Multi-Center, Multi-Observer Reading Study.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of a custom-made convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm for fully automated lesion tracking and segmentation, as well as RECIST 1.1 evaluation, in longitudinal computed tomography (CT) studies compared to a manual Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) evaluation performed by three radiologists.

Selective Internal Radiotherapy (SIRT) and Chemosaturation Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion (CS-PHP) for Metastasized Uveal Melanoma: A Retrospective Comparative Study.

Even with liver-targeted therapies, uveal melanoma with hepatic metastasis remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of patients treated with either SIRT or CS-PHP. We included 62 patients with hepatic metastasized uveal melanoma (n = 34 with SIRT, receiving 41 cycles; n = 28 with CS-PHP, receiving 56 cycles) that received their treatments between 12/2013 and 02/2020 at a single center.

Active and durable RMnRuO pyrochlores with low Ru content for acidic oxygen evolution.

The production of green hydrogen in water electrolyzers is limited by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). State-of-the-art electrocatalysts are based on Ir. Ru electrocatalysts are a suitable alternative provided their performance is improved.

Free-breathing Arterial Spin Labeling MRI for the Detection of Pulmonary Embolism.

Background Arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI can be used to assess organ perfusion but has yet to be implemented for perfusion evaluation of the lung. Purpose To evaluate pseudo-continuous ASL (PCASL) MRI for the detection of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and its potential as an alternative to CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Materials and Methods Between November 2020 and November 2021, 97 patients (median age, 61 years; 48 women) with suspected PE were enrolled in this prospective study.

Symmetry-resolved CO desorption and oxidation dynamics on O/Ru(0001) probed at the C K-edge by ultrafast x-ray spectroscopy.

We report on carbon monoxide desorption and oxidation induced by 400 nm femtosecond laser excitation on the O/Ru(0001) surface probed by time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy (TR-XAS) at the carbon K-edge. The experiments were performed under constant background pressures of CO (6 × 10 Torr) and O (3 × 10 Torr). Under these conditions, we detect two transient CO species with narrow 2π* peaks, suggesting little 2π* interaction with the surface.

Effect of acquisition techniques, latest kernels, and advanced monoenergetic post-processing for stent visualization with third-generation dual-source CT.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the effect of tube voltage, current kernels, and monoenergetic post-processing on stent visualization. METHODS A 6 mm chrome-cobalt peripheral stent was placed in a dedicated phantom and scanned with the available tube voltage settings of a third-generation dual-source scanner in single-energy (SE) and dual-energy (DE) mode. Images were reconstructed using the latest convolution kernels and monoenergetic reconstructions (40-190 keV) for DE.

CoRad-19 - Modular Digital Teaching during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.

Purpose: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, higher education worldwide had to switch to digital formats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate CoRad-19, a digital teaching tool created by the German Radiological Society for medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: A total of 13 German-speaking universities implemented CoRad-19 in their curriculum and partially or completely replaced their classes with the online courses.

T2 mapping for the characterization of prostate lesions.

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative T2/ADC values in differentiating between PCa and lesions showing non-specific inflammatory infiltrates and atrophy, features of chronic prostatitis, as the most common histologically proven differential diagnosis.

Methods: In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, we analyzed 55 patients suspected of PCa, who underwent mpMRI (3T) including quantitative T2 maps before robot-assisted mpMRI-TRUS fusion prostate biopsy. All prostate lesions were scored according to PI-RADS v2.

The Utility of Shear-Wave Elastography in the Evaluation of Myositis.

Changes in muscle elasticity are expected in patients with untreated myositis. The purpose of this study was to define the accuracy of shear-wave elastography (SWE) in diagnosing myositis. This case control study included 21 patients (mean age, 49.

Diagnostic Performance of Different Simulated Low-Dose Levels in Patients with Suspected Cervical Abscess Using a Third-Generation Dual-Source CT Scanner.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dose reduction on diagnostic accuracy and image quality of cervical computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected cervical abscess. Forty-eight patients (mean age 45.5 years) received a CT for suspected cervical abscess.

Effects of radiation dose reduction on diagnostic performance of 3rd generation Dual Source CT pulmonary angiography.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of radiation dose reduction on diagnostic accuracy and image quality of pulmonary angiography CT (CTPA) in adults with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE).

Material & Methods: 52 consecutive patients received CTPA for suspected PE. Realistic low-Dose CT simulations were generated using an offline software (ReconCT, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany), as either filter back projections (FBP) or iterative reconstruction as ADMIRE (strength 3 or 5) with 25 %, 50 % and 75 % of the original dose.

Imaging Pulmonary Blood Flow Using Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling (PCASL) With Balanced Steady-State Free-Precession (bSSFP) Readout at 1.5T.

Background: Quantitative assessment of pulmonary blood flow and visualization of its temporal and spatial distribution without contrast media is of clinical significance.

Purpose: To assess the potential of electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) imaging with balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) readout to measure lung perfusion under free-breathing (FB) conditions and to study temporal and spatial characteristics of pulmonary blood flow.

Study Type: Prospective, observational.

Shear Wave Elastography for Assessment of Muscular Abnormalities Related to Systemic Sclerosis.

Rationale And Objectives: To assess muscular abnormalities related to systemic sclerosis (SSc) using shear wave elastography and correlate results with those of clinical tests.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 55 patients (mean age: 50.4 years; range: 18-88; 34 female) with SSc before treatment and choose muscle groups based on cutaneous involvement and functional impairment [forearms (9); thighs (41); thenar/hypothenar (5)].

Elucidation of temperature-programmed desorption of high-coverage hydrogen on Pt(211), Pt(221), Pt(533) and Pt(553) based on density functional theory calculations.

In this work we compute high-coverage hydrogen adsorption energies and geometries on the stepped platinum surfaces Pt(211) and Pt(533) which contain a (100)-step type and the Pt(221) and Pt(553) surface with a (111) step edge. We discuss these results in relation to ultra-high-vacuum temperature programmed desorption (TPD) data to elucidate the origin of the desorption features. Our results indicated that on surfaces with a (100)-step type, two distinct ranges of adsorption energy for the step and terrace are observed, which mirrors the TPD spectra for which we find a clear separation of the desorption peaks.

Effect of a novel denoising technique on image quality and diagnostic accuracy in low-dose CT in patients with suspected appendicitis.

Objectives: To determine the effect of a vendor unspecific, DICOM-based denoising technique on image quality and diagnostic performance in low-dose simulated abdominal computed tomography (CT) examinations in patients with suspected appendicitis.

Methods And Materials: We included 51 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal CT with Filtered Back Projection due to suspected appendicitis. Realistic Low-Dose simulation generated low-dose datasets at 25% of the original exposition.

Correlation between acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI)-based tissue elasticity measurements and perfusion parameters acquired by perfusion CT in cirrhotic livers: a proof of principle.

Purpose: To investigate whether liver stiffness measured by acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) sonoelastography always correlates with the liver perfusion parameters quantified by perfusion CT in patients with known liver cirrhosis.

Methods: Sonoelastography and perfusion CT were performed in 50 patients (mean age 65.5; range 45-87 years) with liver cirrhosis, who were classified according to Child-Pugh into class A (30/50, 60%), B (17/50, 34%), and C (3/50, 6%).

Impact of Radiation Dose Reduction in Abdominal Computed Tomography on Diagnostic Accuracy and Diagnostic Performance in Patients with Suspected Appendicitis: An Intraindividual Comparison.

Rationale And Objectives: To determine the intraindividual impact of radiation dose reduction in abdominal computed tomography (CT) on diagnostic performance in patients with suspected appendicitis.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board. Seventy-five patients who underwent standard contrast-enhanced abdominal CT for suspected appendicitis between 2004 and 2009 were retrospectively included.

Self-gated 4D-MRI of the liver: Initial clinical results of continuous multiphase imaging of hepatic enhancement.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of a self-gated free-breathing volume-interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequence using compressed sensing (CS) for contrast-enhanced multiphase liver MRI.

Materials And Methods: We identified 23 patients who underwent multiphase gadobutrol-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using 1) a prototype free-breathing VIBE sequence with respiratory self-gating and CS (VIBE ), and 2) a standard breath-hold VIBE (VIBE ) on the same 1.5T scanner at two timepoints.

Comparison between acoustic radiation force impulse quantification data and perfusion-CT parameters in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To find out, if ultrasound elastography of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can predict patterns of tumor perfusion in volume perfusion computed tomography (VPCT).

Material And Methods: 25 consecutive patients (mean age, 68.9; range, 51-85 years) with liver cirrhosis suspected of HCC underwent VPCT and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography the same day.

Multiparametric Functional MRI: A Tool to Uncover Subtle Changes following Allogeneic Renal Transplantation.

Purpose: To investigate multiparametric functional MRI to characterize acute rejection in a murine allogeneic renal transplant model and evaluate the effect of novel therapeutics.

Material And Methods: We performed allogeneic and syngeneic orthotopic transplantations (Balb/c to C57Bl/6 and C57Bl/6 to C57Bl/6). Allogeneic Groups (n = 5) were either treated with the anti-CCL2-Spiegelmer (mNOX-E36) in monotherapy or in combination with low doses of Ciclosporin-A (10mg/kgBW/d) for 10 days.

Double-Stranded Water on Stepped Platinum Surfaces.

The interaction of platinum with water plays a key role in (electro)catalysis. Herein, we describe a combined theoretical and experimental study that resolves the preferred adsorption structure of water wetting the Pt(111)-step type with adjacent (111) terraces. Double stranded lines wet the step edge forming water tetragons with dissimilar hydrogen bonds within and between the lines.

Initial stages of water solvation of stepped platinum surfaces.

Platinum is an active catalyst for a large number of (electro)chemical reactions in aqueous solution. The observed catalytic activities result from an interplay between the intrinsic adsorption properties of platinum surfaces and their interaction with the aqueous environment. Although water networks have been extensively studied on close-packed surfaces, little is known about high-coverage solvation environments around defects.

Density functional theory study of adsorption of H2O, H, O, and OH on stepped platinum surfaces.

We report on density functional theory (DFT)-GGA (generalized gradient approximation) computed adsorption energetics of water and the water-related fragments OH, O, and H on stepped Pt surfaces in the low coverage limit. The Pt(100) step edge as encountered on Pt(533) shows increased binding for all species studied, while the Pt(110) step edge, as found on Pt(553) shows only significantly enhanced binding for O and OH. Comparing these results to ultra high vacuum experiments reveals that DFT can explain the main experimental trends semiquantitatively.