Barriers and Strategies to Optimize the Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists in People with Type 2 Diabetes and High Cardiovascular Risk or Established Cardiovascular Disease: A Delphi Consensus in Spain.

Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are effective for glycemic control, with many also demonstrating cardiovascular (CV) benefit, in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to find a consensus on the barriers and strategies for the optimal use of GLP-1 RAs in people with T2D and high CV risk or established cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Spain.

Methods: A two-round Delphi survey (53 questions) was conducted among members of four national scientific societies in Spain, including physicians experienced in the management of people with T2D.

Comprehensive approach to people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Knowledge Area of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition.

Objective: To provide practical recommendations for the comprehensive approach of people with type 2 diabetes according to evidence-based medicine.

Participants: Members of the Diabetes Knowledge Area of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition.

Methods: The recommendations were formulated according to the degrees of evidence of the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022.

Executive summary of the consensus statement of: Clinical recommendations for sport practice in people with diabetes (RECORD Guide). Update 2021. Diabetes Mellitus Area of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN).

Objective: To guide professionals involved in the care of people with diabetes mellitus who practice sport.

Participants: Members of the Diabetes Mellitus Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition.

Methods: A group of experts in each area covered by the statement carried out a bibliographic review of the available evidence for each topic, based on which recommendations were subsequently agreed upon within the Diabetes Mellitus Working Group.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of a Spanish population of people living with type 1 diabetes who practice nonprofessional sports: The DIABESPORT survey.

Aim: To determine the characteristics of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) who practice sports, the support they receive, and the way in which they manage their disease during sports.

Methods: An observational cross-sectional study designed as a web-based survey released through social media was carried out, directed to physically active people with T1D.

Results: A total of 342 subjects completed the survey (16 children; 67.

Predictive Factors of Renal Function Decline in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Canagliflozin in the Real-Wecan Study.

The Real-WECAN study evaluated the real-life effectiveness and safety of canagliflozin 100 mg daily (initiated in SGLT-2 inhibitors naïve patients) and canagliflozin 300 mg daily (switching from canagliflozin 100 mg or other SGLT-2 inhibitors) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The objectives of this sub-analysis were to estimate the eGFR slope over the follow-up period and to identify predictive factors of eGFR decline in a multiple linear regression analysis. A total of 583 patients (279 on canagliflozin 100 mg and 304 on canagliflozin 300 mg) were included, with median follow-up at 13 months.

Executive summary: Position document: Evaluation and management of hypoglycemia in the patient with diabetes mellitus 2020. Diabetes Mellitus Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition.

Objective: To provide practical recommendations for the evaluation and management of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Participants: Members of the Diabetes Mellitus Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN).

Methods: The recommendations were made based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to establish both the strength of the recommendations and the level of evidence.

Executive summary: Position document: Evaluation and management of hypoglycemia in the patient with diabetes mellitus 2020. Diabetes Mellitus Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition.

Objective: To provide practical recommendations for the evaluation and management of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Participants: Members of the Diabetes Mellitus Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN).

Methods: The recommendations were made based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to establish both the strength of the recommendations and the level of evidence.

Real-World Clinical Outcomes Associated with Canagliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Spain: The Real-Wecan Study.

The aims of this multicentric retrospective study were to assess in a real-world setting the effectiveness and safety of canagliflozin 100 mg/d (CANA100) as an add-on to the background antihyperglycemic therapy, and to evaluate the intensification of prior sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) therapy by switching to canagliflozin 300 mg/d (CANA300) in patients with T2DM. One cohort of SGLT2i-naïve patients with T2DM who were initiated on CANA100 and a second cohort of patients with prior background SGLT-2i therapy who switched to CANA300 were included in the study. The primary outcome of the study was the mean change in HbA1c over the follow-up time.

Document on a comprehensive approach to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex and is intended to decrease morbidity and mortality. Management should therefore include adequate diabetes education, lifestyle changes, drug treatment to achieve early blood glucose control and reduction of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, early detection and treatment of complications, and assessment of associated comorbidities. The objective was to prepare a document including all aspects required for a comprehensive approach to T2DM.

Real-world clinical outcomes and predictors of glycaemic and weight response to exenatide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes: The CIBELES project.

Aims: To evaluate in a real-world setting the effectiveness of exenatide once-weekly (ExQW) in patients with T2D and to determine predictors of glycaemic and weight response to this drug at 6 months.

Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study in adult patients with T2D and BMI ≥30 kg/m from 4 tertiary Spanish hospitals who started ExQW therapy at least 6 months before the inclusion and had not achieved adequate glycaemic control on oral therapies or other GLP-1 receptor agonists. Glycaemic response was defined as an A1C reduction ≥1.

[Clinical recommendations for sport practice in diabetic patients (RECORD Guide). Diabetes Mellitus Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN)].

Unlabelled: Sporting activity is becoming a common practice in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This situation requires both a preliminary medical assessment and a wide range of changes in treatment which have scarcely been addressed in medical literature.

Objective: To prepare a clinical guideline on the medical approach to patients with diabetes who practice sport regularly.

Position statement: hypoglycemia management in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition.

Objective: To provide practical recommendations for evaluation and management of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Participants: Members of the Diabetes Mellitus Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition.

Methods: Recommendations were formulated according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system to describe both the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence.

Hyperthyroidism and pregnancy.

Association of hyperthyroidism and pregnancy is not an unusual event, and has an impact on both the mother and fetus. After delivery, it may also affect the newborn and the nursing mother. Clinical management of this situation is quite different from that required by non-pregnant hyperthyroid women and poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

[FESNAD-SEEDO consensus summary: evidence-based nutritional recommendations for the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults].

This paper is a summary of the Spanish Federation of Nutrition, Food and Dietetics Associations (FESNAD) and the Spanish Association for the Study of Obesity (SEEDO) consensus document on the role of diet in prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity. To prepare this document, and in order to achieve the maximum evidence level possible, a systematic review was made of all medical literature published between January 1, 1996 and January 31, 2011 (15 years). The obtained findings were catalogued by evidence level following the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network system, and recommendations were produced based on data collected.

[Oncologic risk of obesity].

This article presents an update of scientific evidence about the relation of obesity with the incidence or mortality by cancer. Almost all large epidemiological studies agree about the oncological risk of obesity, especially with regard to some types of cancers. Different physiopathological theories to explain this association have been proposed, from simple mechanical or dietetical causes to genetic or immunologic factors, including a possible role of hormones or adipocyte humoral factors.