Sentinel European Node Trial (SENT): 3-year results of sentinel node biopsy in oral cancer.

Purpose: Optimum management of the N0 neck is unresolved in oral cancer. Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) can reliably detect microscopic lymph node metastasis. The object of this study was to establish whether the technique was both reliable in staging the N0 neck and a safe oncological procedure in patients with early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Response to chemoradiotherapy and lymph node involvement in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Aim: To establish the association between lymph node involvement and the response to neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods: Data of 130 patients with mid and low locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by radical surgery over a 5-year period were reviewed. Tumor staging was done by endorectal ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance imaging.

Predictive markers of response to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical surgery is the standard treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer. It is important to predict the response because the treatment has side effects and is costly. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship among clinical, pathologic, and molecular biomarkers and the response to neoadjuvant therapy.

Toll-like receptors 3, 4 and 9 in hepatocellular carcinoma: Relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.

Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is in the 10 leading cancer types, being difficult to detect as most of patients who develop this tumor have no symptoms other than those related to their long-standing liver disease. The liver is constantly exposed to bacterial products, viral infection, alcohol or other products, which may be the cause of chronic liver damage, and thus an increasing risk for HCC. Toll-like receptors (TLR) have gained an extraordinary interest in cancer research due to their role in several biological processes such as innate immune responses, the induction of adaptive immune responses, regulation of inflammation, would healing and carcinogenesis.

DNA methylation signatures identify biologically distinct thyroid cancer subtypes.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the global patterns of aberrant DNA methylation in thyroid cancer.

Research Design And Methods: We have used DNA methylation arrays to determine, for the first time, the genome-wide promoter methylation status of papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid tumors.

Results: We identified 262 and 352 hypermethylated and 13 and 21 hypomethylated genes in differentiated papillary and follicular tumors, respectively.

Intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemical profile of 66 cases.

Introduction And Objectives: Intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinomas are malignant epithelial tumours. Around 8-25% of all sinonasal malignant tumours are intestinal-type adenocarcinomas, which are related to wood dust exposure. Four histological subtypes have been described: papillary, colonic, solid and mucinous.

Duodenal expression of Toll-like receptors and interleukins are increased in both children and adult celiac patients.

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have achieved an extraordinary amount of interest in inflammatory diseases due to their role in the inflammatory activation. By activating the production of several biological factors, TLRs induce type I interferons and other cytokines, which drive the inflammatory response and activate the adaptive immune system.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the expression and clinical relevance of TLRs and interleukins in pediatric and adult celiac disease (CD), defined as intolerance to dietary proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye.

Sebaceous adenoma of the parotid gland.

Tumors of the salivary glands constitute an important field of oral and maxillofacial pathology. The majority of salivary gland neoplasms are benign, with malignant salivary tumors accounting for 15 to 32 percent. The most common site for salivary gland tumors is the parotid gland, accounting up to 80 percent of all cases.

Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the submandibular gland with neuroendocrine features.

This article reports the clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical findings in a case of small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the submandibular gland. The tumor was composed of anaplastic cells slightly larger than lymphocytes without ductal differentiation. On immunohistochemical analysis, the tumor contained cells that reacted positively with antibodies to cytokeratin, neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, and chromogranin.

Prognostic significance of p53 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma without neck node metastases.

Background: Aberrations of the p53 gene and overexpression of its protein are widely recognized markers of malignancy including oral squamous cell carcinomas. This study was performed to evaluate the relationship of immunoexpression of p53 protein in series of 91 squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity with clinicopathologic parameters and to investigate whether p53 immunoexpression might influence the clinical outcome of the disease.

Methods: From a group of 287 consecutive patients, 91 surgically treated ones were randomly selected.

Neck schwannomas.

Schwannomas are peripheral nerve tumours of nerve sheath origin. Twenty-five to 45 percent of extracranial schwannomas occur in the head and neck region. We present 2 cases of schwannomas that arise from the vagus and cervical plexus.