Efficacy of Tamoxifen Metabolites in Combination with Colistin and Tigecycline in Experimental Murine Models of and .

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of tamoxifen and N-desmethyltamoxifen metabolites as therapeutic agents against multidrug-resistant and using a repurposing approach to shorten the time required to obtain a new effective treatment against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Characterisation and virulence studies were conducted on (colistin-susceptible C1-7-LE and colistin-resistant MCR-1+) and (tigecycline-susceptible Ab#9 and tigecycline-resistant Ab#186) strains. The efficacy of the metabolite mix (33.

Impact of the immune response modification by lysophosphatidylcholine in the efficacy of antibiotic therapy of experimental models of peritoneal sepsis and pneumonia by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: LPC therapeutic effect in combined therapy.

Introduction: Immune response stimulation may be an adjuvant to antimicrobial treatment. Here, we evaluated the impact of immune response modification by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), combined with imipenem or ceftazidime, in murine models of peritoneal sepsis (PS) and pneumonia induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methods: The imipenem and ceftazidime-susceptible strain (Pa39) and imipenem and ceftazidime-resistant strain (Pa238) were used.

Repurposing of the Tamoxifen Metabolites to Treat Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Infections.

Repurposing drugs provides a new approach to the fight against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. We have reported that three major tamoxifen metabolites, -desmethyltamoxifen (DTAM), 4-hydroxytamoxifen (HTAM), and endoxifen (ENDX), presented bactericidal activity against Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli. Here, we aimed to analyze the activity of a mixture of the three tamoxifen metabolites against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and species.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of bacteraemia caused by Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella aerogenes: more similarities than differences.

Objectives: The genus Enterobacter is a common cause of nosocomial infections. Historically, the most frequent Enterobacter species were those of Enterobacter cloacae complex and Enterobacter aerogenes. In 2019, E.

Repurposing of the Tamoxifen Metabolites to Combat Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.

The development of new strategic antimicrobial therapeutic approaches, such as drug repurposing, has become an urgent need. Previously, we reported that tamoxifen presents therapeutic efficacy against multidrug-resistant (MDR) , , and in experimental infection models by modulating innate immune system cell traffic. The main objective of this study was to analyze the activity of N-desmethyltamoxifen, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, and endoxifen, three major metabolites of tamoxifen, against these pathogens.

Efficacy of Lysophosphatidylcholine as Direct Treatment in Combination with Colistin against in Murine Severe Infections Models.

The stimulation of the immune response to prevent the progression of an infection may be an adjuvant to antimicrobial treatment. Here, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) treatment in combination with colistin in murine experimental models of severe infections by . We used the Ab9 strain, susceptible to colistin and most of the antibiotics used in clinical settings, and the Ab186 strain, susceptible to colistin but presenting a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pattern.

Impact of the immune response modification by lysophosphatidylcholine in the efficacy of antibiotic therapy of experimental models of peritoneal sepsis and pneumonia by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: LPC therapeutic effect in combined therapy.

Introduction: Immune response stimulation may be an adjuvant to antimicrobial treatment. Here, we evaluated the impact of immune response modification by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), combined with imipenem or ceftazidime, in murine models of peritoneal sepsis (PS) and pneumonia induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methods: The imipenem and ceftazidime-susceptible strain (Pa39) and imipenem and ceftazidime-resistant strain (Pa238) were used.

Linezolid for therapy of meningitis: a cohort study of 26 patients.

Background: Linezolid has good penetration to the meninges and could be an alternative for treatment of meningitis. We assessed the efficacy and safety of linezolid therapy for this infection.

Methods: Retrospective multicenter cohort study of 26 adults treated with linezolid, derived from a cohort of 350 cases of meningitis diagnosed at 11 university hospitals in Spain (1981-2015).

Efficacy and safety of a comprehensive educational antimicrobial stewardship program focused on antifungal use.

Objective: Few data exist regarding the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs on antifungal use. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a comprehensive long-term antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) focused on antifungal use.

Methods: During a 9-year period, we quarterly assessed antifungal consumption, incidence density of hospital-acquired candidemia, Candida spp.

A prospective, multicenter case control study of risk factors for acquisition and mortality in Enterobacter species bacteremia.

Background: Enterobacter is among the main etiologies of hospital-acquired infections. This study aims to identify the risk factors of acquisition and attributable mortality of Enterobacter bacteremia.

Methods: Observational, case-control study for risk factors and prospective cohort for outcomes of consecutive cases with Enterobacter bacteremia.

The anthelmintic oxyclozanide restores the activity of colistin against colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacilli.

Due to the significant increase in antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), development of non-antimicrobial therapeutic alternatives, which can be used together with the few and non-optimal available antimicrobial agents such as colistin, has become an urgent need. In this context, dysregulation of the bacterial cell wall could be a therapeutic adjuvant to the activity of colistin. The aim of this study was to analyse the activity of oxyclozanide, an anthelmintic drug, in combination with colistin against colistin-susceptible (Col-S) and colistin-resistant (Col-R) GNB.

Synergistic Activity of Niclosamide in Combination With Colistin Against Colistin-Susceptible and Colistin-Resistant and .

Colistin is among the few antibiotics effective against multidrug-resistant and clinical isolates. However, in the last few years, colistin-resistant and strains have emerged. Therefore, combination therapies, between colistin and other old drugs, restoring the activity of colistin are required.

Long-Term Impact of an Educational Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Hospital-Acquired Candidemia and Multidrug-Resistant Bloodstream Infections: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Interrupted Time-Series Analysis.

Background: The global crisis of bacterial resistance urges the scientific community to implement intervention programs in healthcare facilities to promote an appropriate use of antibiotics. However, the clinical benefits or the impact on resistance of these interventions has not been definitively proved.

Methods: We designed a quasi-experimental intervention study with an interrupted time-series analysis.

Cryptococcal Infection of the Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt in an HIV-Infected Patient with an Excellent Immunovirologic Status.

Background: Cryptococcus spp. is a rare cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) infection, with a variable clinical presentation. Diagnosis and treatment of this entity are challenging.

Avoiding pullout complications in external ventricular drains: technical note.

This report describes a reliable and simple technique for securing external ventricular drains (EVDs) to the scalp and avoiding pullout complications. The operative technique consists of fixing the drain between 2 hydrocolloid dressings and securing it with staples. A 10-year retrospective analysis of EVD pullout complications was performed in a series of 435 consecutive patients who were treated at a single institution.

Maraviroc Clinical Test (MCT) as an alternative tool to decide CCR5-antagonists prescription in naïve HIV-infected patients.

Our aim was to analyze the virological response to a combined antiretroviral therapy started after Maraviroc Clinical Test (MCT) in naïve HIV-infected patients. Forty-one patients were exposed to MCT, based on an 8-day MVC monotherapy. If undetectability or a viral load reduction >1 log10 HIV-RNA copies/ml was achieved, a MVC-containing cART was prescribed.

Colistin resistance in a clinical Acinetobacter baumannii strain appearing after colistin treatment: effect on virulence and bacterial fitness.

The fitness and virulence costs associated with the clinical acquisition of colistin resistance by Acinetobacter baumannii were evaluated. The growth of strain CR17 (colistin resistant) was less than that of strain CS01 (colistin susceptible) when the strains were grown in competition (72-h competition index, 0.008).

Efficacy of linezolid versus a pharmacodynamically optimized vancomycin therapy in an experimental pneumonia model caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Objectives: The British Thoracic Society, American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines recommend vancomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia, based on evidence suggesting that a vancomycin AUC₀₋₂₄/MIC ratio of 400 predicts clinical success against MRSA pneumonia. The aim of this study was the evaluation of an optimized dose of vancomycin in the treatment of MRSA experimental pneumonia versus linezolid.

Methods: In vitro activities of vancomycin and linezolid were tested using time-kill curves.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus meningitis in adults: a multicenter study of 86 cases.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) meningitis is an uncommon disease, and little is known about its epidemiology, clinical features, therapy, and outcome. We performed a multicenter retrospective study of MRSA meningitis in adults. Eighty-six adult patients were included and the following data were obtained: underlying diseases, clinical presentation, analytical and microbiologic data, response to therapy, and outcome.

Reduction in external ventricular drain infection rate. Impact of a minimal handling protocol and antibiotic-impregnated catheters.

Introduction: Many strategies have been developed with the aim of reducing external ventricular drain-related infections. Antibiotic-impregnated catheters are one of them.

Material And Methods: We report 648 cases of external ventricular drain from a total of 534 patients treated at the Virgen del Rocío Hospital between 1995 and 2006.

Efficacy of rifampin and its combinations with imipenem, sulbactam, and colistin in experimental models of infection caused by imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

There are currently no defined optimal therapies available for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii infections. We evaluated the efficacy of rifampin, imipenem, sulbactam, colistin, and their combinations against MDR A. baumannii in experimental pneumonia and meningitis models.