Evidence that increased cholecystokinin (CCK) in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) facilitates changes in Resident-Intruder social interactions triggered by peripheral nerve injury.

Individual differences in the effects of a chronic neuropathic injury on social behaviours characterize both the human experience and pre-clinical animal models. The impacts of these changes to the well-being of the individual are often underappreciated. Earlier work from our laboratory using GeneChip® microarrays identified increased cholecystokinin (CCK) gene expression in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) of rats that showed persistent changes in social interactions during a Resident-Intruder encounter following sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI).

Frozen section of the pancreatic neck margin in pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma is of limited utility.

The use of frozen section to assess resection margins intraoperatively during pancreaticoduodenectomy facilitates further resection. However, it is unclear whether this actually improves patient survival.We reviewed the overall survival and resection margin status in consecutive pancreaticoduodenectomies performed for carcinoma.