Effect of an E-Prescription Intervention on the Adherence to Surgical Chemoprophylaxis Duration in Cardiac Surgery: A Single Centre Experience.

In our hospital, adherence to the guidelines for peri-operative antimicrobial prophylaxis (PAP) is suboptimal, with overly long courses being common. This practice does not offer any incremental benefit, and it only adds to the burden of antimicrobial consumption, promotes the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, and it is associated with adverse events. Our objective was to study the effect of an electronic reminder on the adherence to each element of PAP after cardiac surgery.

Insulin-like growth factor-I and wound healing, a potential answer to non-healing wounds: A systematic review of the literature and future perspectives.

The induction of wound healing by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been demonstrated in several animal studies; however, there are disproportionately fewer studies assessing its value in humans. The aim of the present review is to provide a comprehensive summary of all the available evidence pertaining to the effects of IGF-I administration on the process of wound anaplasias, both in human tissues and in cells . A systematic search of Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar was performed for relevant studies published until May 2020.

The rare entity of cholocystocolonic fistula: a case report.

Cholocystocolonic fistulas (CCFs) represent a rare medical entity. Previous inflammatory processes in the abdomen, especially in the gallbladder and surgeries are all related to their appearance. There are not typical findings concerning the clinical image and the therapeutic approach varies between patients.

Peritoneal Pseudocyst Causing Acute Abdomen as a Complication of Cronh's Disease.

Peritoneal pseudocysts (PPs) in patients who are diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD), is a rarely diagnosed entity with unknown epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis. We present the case of a 30-year old male with known CD who presented with an acute abdomen because of a PP. PPs are developed as a complication caused in patients, suffering from mainly thee conditions.

The Unexpected Diagnosis of Hepatic Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent Patient.

Background/aim: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease which affects millions. The most affected system is the respiratory. Thus, hepatic TB (HTB) without involvement of other organs is not common.

Primary gastric melanoma in adult population: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: Primary gastric melanoma (PGM) is a rare malignant tumour of the stomach with poor prognosis. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the available literature on this entity and to highlight its biological behaviour and preferred treatment approach.

Methods: PubMed and Cochrane bibliographical databases were independently searched (last search: 2 February 2020) by two investigators for articles reporting on PGM in the adult population.

Cardiovascular Effects of Metabolic Surgery on Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Cardiovascular, together with renal disease, claims a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality in association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. To improve the long-term renal and cardiovascular outcome, there is the incorporation of bariatric surgery (BS), which seems to be a pivotal intervention. Areas Explored: Cohort studies and randomized controlled trial (RCT) research of BS among patients with T2DM, were conducted by screening, and then information on renal effects and the cardiovascular outcome was gathered.

Retroperitoneal sarcomas: from diagnosis to treatment. Case series and review of the literature.

Background: Retroperitoneal sarcoma is a rare malignancy arising from mesenchymal cells, most commonly presented as an abdominal mass and is associated with poor prognosis. The most effective treatment modality for retroperitoneal sarcomas is complete surgical resection, including sometimes adjacent organs infiltrated by the tumor. Radiotherapy is frequently applied and has shown some benefit, while the role of chemotherapy and molecular-targeted agents is still not clear.

Intensive care unit outcomes following orthotopic liver transplantation: single-center experience and review of the literature.

Background/aim: Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (OLT) is the treatment of choice for patients with end stage liver disease, acute liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma and metabolic disorders. As a result of improvement in surgical and anesthesiological skills, advanced understanding of transplant immunology and better critical care management of complications, patients survive longer after liver transplantation. It has been gradually achieved one-year survival rates of 80-90%.

A Clinicopathological Analysis of S100A14 Expression in Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: The calcium-binding protein S100A14 is involved in processes related to tumorigenesis and tumor propagation, such as proliferation, apoptosis, motility and invasiveness. Our aim was to investigate its role in colorectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and seven patients (65 men and 42 women) were included in this study.

Discarding IVF embryos: reporting on global practices.

Purpose: To provide a global scale report on a representative sample of the clinical embryology community depicting the practice of discarding supernumerary IVF embryos.

Methods: A web-based questionnaire titled "Anonymous questionnaire on embryo disposal practices" was designed in order to ensure anonymous participation of practicing clinical embryologists around the world.

Results: During a data collection period of 8 months, 703 filled-in questionnaires from 65 countries were acquired.

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Rare Entity Presented Clinically Only with Fever and Elevated CRP.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare but almost invariably lethal disease. In this manuscript, we present a case where the dominant manifestation of ATC beside the goitre was elevated CRP values and a persistent low-grade fever. The patient underwent surgical removal of the tumour, chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment.

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The Progress of Targeted Therapies and Future Tendencies.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a lack of expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and unfortunately is not associated with good prognosis. Treatment of breast cancer mainly depends on chemotherapy, due to the lack of specifically approved targeted therapies for TNBC. It is of paramount importance to find new therapeutic approaches, as resistance to chemotherapy frequently occurs.

Screening and Risk Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Review.

Current literature indicates that there is a strong correlation between coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes. The arteriosclerotic progression occurs earlier and in a greater extent in the diabetic than in the non-diabetic population. In diabetic subjects, the detection of arterial disease does not always precede the development of an acute arterial incident.

Multifocal Gastrointestinal Melanoma.

Primary mucosal melanoma is a rare disease, with a worse prognosis than cutaneous melanoma. We present a patient with primary melanoma of the stomach and small intestine, with good outcome after radical surgical excision and adjuvant ipilimumab therapy.

Pyloric Obstruction Caused by an Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp.

This is a case report of a 57-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and vomiting over a period of two months. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopies and biopsies were inconclusive, while abdomen computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large mass arising from the pyloric antrum measuring about 6 × 4.8 cm imitating gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: Is It Time to Change Our Strategy Regarding Laparoscopic Colectomy?

Enhanced recovery after surgery or 'fast-track' methods are evidence-based protocols designed to standardize post-operative medical care, improve patient outcomes, promote early recovery, and reduce healthcare expenditure. Fast-track surgery is a multifunctional concept involving pre-, peri- and post-operative measures aiming to reduce the length of hospital stay and morbidity and complication rates, following elective abdominal surgery. Through the optimization of peri-operative care and the recovery process in adherence to these fast-track protocols, improved outcomes are reached, surgical trauma and post-operative stress are reduced, with less surgical pain, reduced complications, and shorter length of hospital stay.

Primary Hepatic Leiomyosarcoma: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background/aim: Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare type of liver sarcoma with relatively poor prognosis, with about 50 cases having been reported in the literature. Potential origins of this tumor in the liver are the smooth muscle cells in the round ligament, intrahepatic blood vessels and intrahepatic bile ducts. There is no apparent sex predilection and there is a wide age range.

Histopathological changes and onset of severe hepatic steatosis in rats fed a choline-free diet.

Hepatic steatosis significantly increases morbidity and mortality associated with major liver surgery. Several rodent models of hepatic steatosis have been previously reported, which aimed to investigate the effect of various pharmaceutical agents and interventional procedures on the pathophysiology of steatotic liver. The aim of the present study was to investigate the time frame of severe hepatic steatosis in rats after they were fed a choline-free diet and any associated histopathological changes.

Abdominal Emergencies in Patients with Stage IV Melanoma: The Role of Surgery: A Single-centre Experience.

Background/aim: Metastatic melanoma is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. Melanoma can potentially involve any organ. In this article, we report on a single-centre experience in emergency surgery for M1c melanoma.

Targeting histone deacetylases in endometrial cancer: a paradigm-shifting therapeutic strategy?

Objective: Endometrial cancer is increasingly prevalent in western societies and affects mainly postmenopausal women; notably incidence rates have been rising by 1.9% per year on average since 2005. Although the early-stage endometrial cancer can be effectively managed with surgery, more advanced stages of the disease require multimodality treatment with varying results.

A case of Bouveret's syndrome treated with gastrojejunal anastomosis.

Bouveret's syndrome is a rare cause of proximal gallstone ileus with obstruction of duodenum or gastric outlet. We report a case of an 87-year-old female patient presented with 1 week history of vomiting whose plain radiograms showed ileus and pneumobilia. The abdominal computed tomography confirmed pneumobilia and revealed free air and leakage of oral contrast agent in the hepatic hilum and subhepatic space and an impacted gallstone in the third portion of the duodenum.

Rare Coexistance of Ileal Diverticulosis, Crohn's Disease and Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: Report of a Case.

Background/aim: Adenocarcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors of the small intestine complicating Crohn's disease. However, the coexistence of both conditions with diverticulosis of small bowel in young age makes this coincidence rare and clinical diagnosis very difficult.

Case Report: We report a case of a woman admitted to our Department with acute abdominal pain and fever.