Impact of virgin and weathered microplastics on zebrafish: Bioaccumulation, developmental toxicity and molecular pathway disruptions.

Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants with significant ecological risks, particularly due to their potential for bioaccumulation and toxicity. This study examines the effects of virgin spherical MPs and environmentally weathered MPs, specifically polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE), on zebrafish larvae to enhance the environmental relevance of the findings. MP concentrations used were 10-10 particles/L for the virgin MP group and 10 particles/L for the weathered MP group, reflecting levels commonly observed in natural environments.

A Comparative Analysis of Generic Drug Assessment and Regulatory Approval in the USA, Europe and India.

The Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) is used for the regulatory submission of generic drugs, which are pharmaceutical equivalents to brand-name drugs and distributed without patent protection. Different countries have their own regulatory requirements for the approval of generic drugs, enforced by authorities such as the CDSCO in India, EDQM in Europe, and USFDA in the United States. This review aims to compare the regulatory processes and requirements for generic drug approval in India, Europe, and the US, highlighting key differences and challenges.

Assessment of Patient Satisfaction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Following Full Mouth Rehabilitation with Implant-Supported Prostheses.

Background: The concept of success is typically established by the researcher or the practitioner rather than the patient, who has the greatest stake in the outcome of the prosthodontics therapy.

Aim: To assess patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in following full mouth rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses (ISP).

Methods And Materials: Thirty-two patients who underwent full mouth rehabilitation with ISP were included in this study.

D3 Lymphadenectomy for Right Colon Cancer: Feasibility, Safety, and Early Outcomes from a District General Hospital in London.

Observational studies suggest a link between D3 lymphadenectomy and improved disease-free survival in some colon cancer patients. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm its advantage over D2 lymphadenectomy. Concerns about potential complications with D3 have limited its use outside of Japan.

Alterations in internal threads of implant analog of different materials after multiple reuse.

The impact of multiple reuse on the alterations in internal threads of four different implant analogous composed of different materials (stainless steel (SS), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and zirconia (Zr) by utilizing two die materials at different time durations is of interest to dentists. The spacing between the threads was measured using the impressions created for the interior threads of implant analogs, or replicas by stereomicroscope set to x50 at 0th, 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th interval. It was observed that there was decrease in distance between threads 1-2 as the increasing reuse at increasing time intervals in all implants analogs.

Diphenylbutadiene Fluorescent Analogues in Sub-Cellular Imaging and Monitoring Mitophagy.

A series of donor-acceptor (D-π-A) substituted diphenylbutadienes exhibiting solvatochromic emission and a large Stokes shift (100-200 nm) were designed and synthesized for distinctive organelle labelling, enabling real-time monitoring of organelle behaviour such as lysosomal dynamics, mitophagy monitoring, and stress responses. The morpholine-substituted D-A-D diphenylbutadiene (M2) was employed to investigate selective imaging of lysosomes, the uptake of damaged mitochondria through mitophagy, and monitoring lysosomal viscosity or pH changes. Other diphenylbutadiene derivatives (M1, M3, M4) selectively accumulated in lipid droplets.

A Monte Carlo simulation of tracer diffusion in amorphous polymers.

Tracer diffusion in amorphous polymers is a sought-after quantity for a range of technological applications. In this regard, a quantitative description of the so-called decoupling from the reverse proportionality between viscosity and diffusion coefficient into a fractional one remains a challenge requiring a deeper insight. This work employs a Monte Carlo simulation framework in 3 dimensions to investigate the consequences of different scenarios for estimating this fractional exponent on the diffusion coefficient of tracers in polymers near glass transition.

Outcomes Post Beyond Total Mesorectal Excision Plane Resections Following Setting up Complex Colorectal Cancer Service in a District General Hospital.

This study aims to validate the feasibility of a hub-and-spoke model for pelvic exenteration (PE) surgery while upholding favorable patient outcomes. A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing PE at our trust October 2017 and December 2023 was conducted. Descriptive statistics and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were employed.

Presacral tumors: A systematic review of literature.

Presacral/Retrorectal tumors (RRT) are rare lesions that comprise a multitude of histological types. Data on surgical management are limited to case reports and small case series. The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, pathological subtypes, surgical approaches, and clinical outcomes.

Safety and infectious outcomes in pediatric kidney transplant recipients after COVID-19 vaccination: A pediatric nephrology research consortium study.

Background: Adult kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) fully vaccinated against COVID-19 have substantial morbidity and mortality related to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with the general population. However, little is known regarding the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination series in pediatric KTRs.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective observational study was performed across nine pediatric transplantation centers.

Engineered microbubbles decorated with red emitting carbon nanoparticles for efficient delivery and imaging.

Altering the route of uptake by the cells is an attractive strategy to overcome drug-receptor adaptation problems. Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) with emission beyond tissue autofluorescence for imaging biological tissues were used to study the phenomenon of uptake by the cells. In this regard, red-emitting carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) were synthesized and incorporated onto lipid microbubbles (MBs).

Comparison of early surgical outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection reported by a busy district general hospital in England.

Robotic platforms provide a stable tool with high-definition views and improved ergonomics compared to laparoscopic approaches. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the intra- and short-term postoperative results of oncological resections performed robotically (RCR) and laparoscopically (LCR) at a single centre. Between February 2020 and October 2022, retrospective data on RCR were compared to LCR undertaken during the same period.

Antibody-mediated rejection in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: A report from the Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium.

Background: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a major cause of kidney allograft loss. There is a paucity of large-scale pediatric-specific data regarding AMR treatment outcomes.

Methods: Data were obtained from 14 centers within the Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium.

Mitigating phthalate toxicity: The protective role of humic acid and clay in zebrafish larvae.

This research study aimed to explore the mitigating effects of humic acid and clay on the toxicity induced by three different phthalates (DBP, DEP, DEHP) on zebrafish larvae growth. Prolonged exposure to DBP resulted in a concerning 87.33% mortality rate, significantly reduced to 7.

Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision and D3 lymphadenectomy using the open book approach: a video vignette.

According to the concept of total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer, Hohenberger translated this concept to colonic cancer by introducing complete mesocolic excision (CME). The concept of this surgical technique was further elucidated by Benz et al. in the form of an open book approach.

Emergency transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair of a strangulated obturator hernia: A literature review and video vignette.

Obturator hernia (OH), a rare and potentially life-threatening condition, presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This review article comprehensively delves into the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of OH, with a particular emphasis on the pivotal role of computed tomography (CT) in timely and accurate diagnosis. Delays, particularly in contrast-enhanced CT, dramatically increase mortality due to potential bowel strangulation.

Nocturnal blood pressure dipping, blood pressure variability, and cognitive function in early and middle-aged adults.

Higher nighttime blood pressure (BP), less BP dipping, and higher BP variability have been linked with worse cognitive function in the elderly. The goal of this study is to explore whether this relationship already exists in early and middle adulthood. We further examined whether ethnic differences between African Americans and European Americans in BP parameters can explain ethnic differences in cognitive function.

Age, sex and race distribution of accelerometer-derived sleep variability in US school-aged children and adults.

Sleep variability (e.g. intra-individual variabilities in sleep duration or sleep timing, social jetlag, and catch-up sleep) is an important factor impacting health and mortality.

Prevalence of mycophenolate mofetil discontinuation and subsequent outcomes in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: A PNRC study.

Background: Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) is an effective immunosuppressant used in kidney transplant recipients to prevent acute rejection. Complications such as diarrhea, leukopenia, and infections may necessitate the reduction or discontinuation of MMF. The objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence, timing, and reasons for MMF discontinuation and its association with outcomes in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.

Formation, characterization, and analysis of curcumin nanoformulation for evaluating its cytotoxicity.

Nanotechnology holds significance in all fields of research, and the formation and surface alterations of nanomaterials are particularly important in this discipline. Nanoformulations synthesized with bioactive plant components play a crucial role in the improvement of several therapeutics and diagnostics. In the present study, we reported the synthesis of a curcumin nanoformulation (CN) by using curcumin and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS).

Staying safe, feeling welcome, being seen: How spatio-temporal configurations affect relations of care at an inclusive health and wellness centre.

Background: People experiencing homelessness also experience poorer health and frequently attend acute care settings when primary health care would be better equipped to meet their needs. Existing scholarship identifies a complex mix of individual and structural-level factors affecting primary health care engagement driving this pattern of health services utilisation. We build on this existing knowledge, by bringing the spatio-temporal configurations of primary health care into focus.

Day-to-day deviations in sleep parameters and biological aging: Findings from the NHANES 2011-2014.

Objectives: The majority of the previous research has focused on the impact of average sleep parameters on longevity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations of day-to-day deviations in sleep parameters with biological ages among 6052 adults participating in the 2011-2014 waves of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Methods: Sleep parameters, including sleep duration, efficiency, midpoint, and day-to-day deviations in sleep parameters, including standard deviation of sleep duration (sleep variability), standard deviation of sleep midpoint (sleep irregularity), catch-up sleep, and social jetlag, were obtained from 4 to 7 days of 24-h accelerometer recording.

Faecal Immunochemical Testing to Detect Colorectal Cancer in Symptomatic Patients: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

(1) Background: NHS England recommended faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) for symptomatic patients in June 2020 to rationalise limited diagnostic services during COVID-19. (2) Aim: to investigate the diagnostic performance of FIT, analysing the proportion of FIT-negative colorectal cancers (CRC) missed in symptomatic patients and how this risk could be mitigated. (3) Design and Setting: a retrospective study of biochemistry and cancer databases involving patients referred from primary healthcare with suspected CRC to a single secondary care trust in North East London.

Predicting self-diffusion coefficients in semi-crystalline and amorphous solid dispersions using free volume theory.

The self-diffusion coefficient of active ingredients (AI) in polymeric solid dispersions is one of the essential parameters for the rational formulation design in life sciences. Measuring this parameter for products in their application temperature range can, however, be difficult to realise and time-consuming (due to the slow kinetics of diffusion). The aim of this study is to present a simple and time-saving platform for predicting the AI self-diffusivity in amorphous and semi-crystalline polymers on the basis of a modified version of Vrentas' and Duda's free volume theory (FVT) [A.