Effective connectivity between deep brain stimulation targets in individuals with treatment-resistant depression.

The therapeutic effect of deep brain stimulation on patients with treatment-resistant depression is strongly dependent on the connectivity of the stimulation region with other regions associated with depression. The aims of this study are to characterize the effective connectivity between the brain regions playing important roles in depression and further investigate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of treatment-resistant depression and the mechanisms involving deep brain stimulation. Thirty-three individuals with treatment-resistant depression and 29 healthy control subjects were examined.

Psychopathological and neuropsychological outcomes of deep brain stimulation for severe- treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: An open-label case series.

Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is considered a promising intervention for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The present study describes the outcomes of the first DBS procedures for OCD in Iran.

Methods: Four women patients (age range, 25-35 years) with severe OCD meeting stringent criteria for refractoriness to treatment were selected by Psychosurgery Review Board.

Characterization of brain functional connectivity in treatment-resistant depression.

Objective: To characterize the functional connectivity (FC) of target brain regions for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and to evaluate its gender and brain lateralization dependence.

Methods: Thirty-one TRD patients and twenty-nine healthy control (HC) subjects participated. FC of subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), ventral caudate (VCa), nucleus accumbens (NAc), lateral habenula (LHb), and inferior thalamic peduncle (ITP) were evaluated using resting-state fMRI.

Spatial distance between anatomically- and physiologically-identified targets in subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation is the treatment of choice for carefully chosen patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and refractory motor fluctuations. We evaluated the value of intraoperative electrophysiology during STN deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures in refining the anatomically-defined target.

Methods: We determined the spatial distance between the anatomical and physiological targets along x, y and z axes in 50 patients with PD who underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS surgery.

The effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation on cognitive and neuropsychiatric functions in Parkinson's disease: a case-control study (#).

Introduction: Parkinson's disease is one of the most disabling diseases which by electrode implantation and stimulation of subthalamic nucleus (STN), much progress has been made in the treatment of drug resistant patient. This new method of neurosurgery may have some neuropsychological side effects on the patients. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of this kind of treatment on the different neuropsychological aspect of patients.