Periodontal and microbiological evaluation in cleft lip/palate patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The present cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate the periodontal and microbiological parameters in patients with surgically repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) undergoing orthodontic correction in comparison to patients without any cleft or orthodontic treatment.

Methods: A total of 120 patients, out of initial 148 patients, between the age group 6 and 18 years were enrolled and divided into four groups with 30 patients each: non-cleft patients without orthodontic treatment in Group 1, non-cleft patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment in Group 2, patients with UCLP without any orthodontic treatment in Group 3, and patients with UCLP undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment in Group 4. Periodontal parameters including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) index, pocket probing depth (PD), and tooth mobility were measured in all the groups.

Microbial community diversity of an integrated constructed wetland used for treatment of sewage.

The microbial community diversity in Constructed Wetland System (CWS) plays a key role in the removal of pollutants from waste water. An integrated functional CWS developed at Neela Hauz Biodiversity Park, Delhi was selected to assess the diversity in composition and structure of microbial community diversity of sludge and sediment of CWS, based on metagenomic approach using 16S rRNA genes. The sediment showed higher diversity than sludge and both formed distinct clusters.

Effect of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Quality of Life.

Purpose: The clinical benefits of bariatric surgery are well-established, but the impact of bariatric surgery on psychosocial outcomes such as health-related quality of life (HRQL) is less clear. The aim of this study is to assess the Quality of life (QOL) as a whole and in separate domains in post-bariatric surgery patients.

Methodology: A single unit cross-sectional analysis of a prospective study is done on QOL in 51 patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy at tertiary hospital.

ISP good clinical practice recommendations for gum care.

Oral health is vital for the general well-being, overall body health and the quality of life throughout our lifetime. Most of the oral diseases and conditions are largely related to the maintenance of oral hygiene, lacking that people suffer from diverse oral diseases at different times in their life. With greater life expectancy, the individuals have teeth involved with periodontal diseases that would not only require professional care but also home gum care for them to last a lifetime.

Evaluation of the correlation between interleukin 1β levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid as an adjunctive diagnostic marker with clinical and radiographic parameters for assessing the peri-implant health status.

Background: Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the most important cytokines that seems to have an important role in the inflammatory process in gingival and peri-implant tissues. As peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) provides with a more swift and objective measure of the disease activity, the present study was conducted to evaluate IL-1β level in PICF as a biochemical marker and to investigate its correlation with clinical parameters and radiological parameters.

Materials And Methods: After evaluating all the patients following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 patients were selected for the study.

A novel injectable platelet-rich fibrin reinforced papilla reconstruction technique.

Formation of black triangles due to the loss of interdental papilla is one of the utmost perplexing esthetic problems of the periodontium. Many surgical and nonsurgical treatment options have been researched upon to obtain complete papillary fill, but minimally invasive procedures have always been the choice of treatment both for the operator as well as the patient. This article describes the use of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) as a novel nonsurgical technique for the reconstruction of deficient interdental papilla.

Application of platelet-rich fibrin membrane and collagen dressing as palatal bandage for wound healing: A randomized clinical control trial.

Background: The palatal donor site of the free gingival graft (FGG) significantly influences the pain and discomfort experienced by the patient, and there is a potential for postoperative bleeding. The aim of this study was to compare the wound healing parameters with the use of a commercially available collagen dressing (CollaCote) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane as palatal bandage.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients requiring FGG either for reduced/inadequate gingiva or gingival recession in the maxillary or mandibular anterior region were divided into two groups.

44-year journey of palatal connective tissue graft harvest: A narrative review.

Connective tissue graft (CTG) is considered the gold standard for soft-tissue correction and augmentation surgeries, but involves a secondary donor area and its associated complications. The techniques to harvest CTG have undergone a large number of modifications over a period of 44 years since the time it was introduced by Edel in 1974 to increase the width of keratinized gingiva. This review compiles all the techniques of graft harvest from the palate and their modifications which have been introduced in the last 44 years till date.

Comparative Evaluation of Coronally Advanced Flap Using Amniotic Membrane and Platelet-rich Fibrin Membrane in Gingival Recession: An 18-Month Clinical Study.

Background: An amnion membrane is a placenta-derived tissue that consists of numerous growth factors, proteins, and stem cell reserves which help in accelerated wound healing and regeneration. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) also releases growth factors after activation from the platelets and gets trapped within fibrin matrix which has been shown to stimulate the mitogenic response in the periosteum for bone repair and regeneration during normal wound healing. This preliminary, controlled, randomized clinical trial with an 18-month follow-up was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of coronally advanced flap (CAF) with either PRF membrane or bioresorbable amniotic membrane (AM) in treatment of localized gingival recession defects.

Multidisciplinary prognostic transition of a molar tooth for long-term survival.

Patients with periodontitis may have one or few teeth with hopeless prognosis, which would have to be extracted before initiation of orthodontic therapy. Periodontal therapy aims to prolong the lifespan of dentition, as preserving natural dentition is always the best treatment option. The decision to retain a tooth is always based on the probability of long-term success of one or more treatment modality.

Effect of supragingival oral irrigation as an adjunct to toothbrushing on plaque accumulation in chronic generalized gingivitis patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supragingival oral irrigation either with water or different concentrations of chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate as an adjunct to toothbrushing on plaque accumulation in chronic generalized gingivitis patients.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients were randomly allocated into five groups. Group 1: toothbrushing alone, Group 2: toothbrushing with mouthwash, Group 3: toothbrushing with water irrigation, Group 4: toothbrushing with 0.

Clinical and Histologic Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Accelerated Epithelization of Gingival Wound.

The foremost indication for gingival depigmentation is patient demand for improved aesthetics. In most cases after the removal of pigmented layer, the area is covered with periodontal packs. These dressings have no curative properties.

Comparative evaluation of probing depth and clinical attachment level using a manual probe and Florida probe.

Background: To compare and evaluate the intra- and inter-examiner efficacy and reproducibility of the first-generation manual (Williams) probe and the third-generation Florida probe in terms of measuring pocket probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL).

Materials And Methods: Forty subjects/4000 sites were included in this comparative, cross-sectional study. Group- and site-wise categorizations were done.

Comparison of the clinical applicability of Miller's classification system to Kumar and Masamatti's classification system of gingival recession.

Background: The aims of the present study were to (i) Find the percentage of recession cases that could be classified by application of Miller's and/or Kumar and Masamatti's classification of gingival recession, and (ii) compare the percentage of clinical applicability of Miller's criteria and Kumar and Masamatti's criteria to the total recessions present.

Materials And Methods: A total of 104 patients (1089 recession cases) were included in the study wherein they were classified using both Miller's and Kumar and Masamatti's classification systems of gingival recession. Percentage comparison of the application of both classification systems was done.

A comparative evaluation of freeze dried bone allograft and decalcified freeze dried bone allograft in the treatment of intrabony defects: A clinical and radiographic study.

Background: Ideal graft material for regenerative procedures is autogenous bone graft but the major disadvantage with this graft is the need for a secondary surgical site to procure donor material and the frequent lack of intraoral donor site to obtain sufficient quantities of autogenous bone for multiple or deep osseous defects. Hence, to overcome these disadvantages, bone allografts were developed as an alternative source of graft material.

Materials And Methods: In 10 patients with chronic periodontitis, 20 bilateral infrabony defects were treated with freeze dried bone allograft (FDBA-Group A) and decalcified freeze dried bone allograft (DFDBA-Group B).

A prospective study to assess the levels of interleukin-6 following administration of diclofenac, ketorolac and tramadol after surgical removal of lower third molars.

Introduction: The surgical removal of impacted third molars involves, trauma to soft and bony tissue and can result in considerable pain, swelling, and trismus. The greater the amount of tissue injury the greater is the amount of inflammation in the perisurgical region. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is both a pro inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine.

Assessment of the width of attached gingiva using different methods in various age groups: A clinical study.

Background: The width of attached gingiva varies from tooth to tooth and also among individuals with mixed opinions regarding an "adequate" or "sufficient" dimension of the gingiva. Although the need for a so-called adequate amount of keratinized tissue for maintenance of periodontal health is questionable, the mucogingival junction serves as an important clinical landmark in periodontal evaluation. There are various methods of locating the mucogingival junction namely the functional method and the visual method with and without histochemical staining, which aid in the measurement of the width of attached gingiva.

Comparison of two different depigmentation techniques for treatment of hyperpigmented gingiva.

Introduction: Demand for cosmetic therapy of gingival melanin pigmentation is common. Re-pigmentation after gingival depigmentation is an important point. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of surgical scraping and electrosurgery on postoperative pain, healing and recurrence of pigmentation.

Comparison of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and synthetic resorbable hydroxyapatite graft in the treatment of intrabony defects: A clinical and radiographic study.

Background: The aim of this study is to compare, clinically and radiographically, the effectiveness of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (NHA) and synthetic resorbable hydroxyapatite (HA) in the treatment of intrabony defects.

Materials And Methods: Ten subjects with bilateral defects, with probing depth (PD) 6-9 mm and radiographic evidence of an intraosseous component ≥4 mm participated in the present study. Subjects were allocated randomly to treatment with NHA (test group) or HA (control group).

Postcraniofacial trauma multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection treated with intravenous colistin: a rare complication.

Nosocomial meningitis is a rare complication of combined craniofacial and neurosurgical procedures. The increase in meningitis caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii has resulted in a significant reduction in available treatment options. We report a case of 52-year-old man who sustained a complex craniofacial trauma, who developed nosocomial MDR infection caused by A.

Comparative Study Between Two Flaps-Trapezoidal flap (TZF) and Ocshenbein-Leubke Flap (OLF) in Periapical Surgeries.

The ultimate goal in surgical endodontics is not only the eradication of periapical pathosis but also preservation of periodontal tissues using suitable surgical techniques. Treatment outcomes are no longer acceptable without considering the esthetic consequences of all involved dentoalveolar structures. It is critical that incisions and tissue elevations and reflections are performed in a way that facilitates healing by primary intention.

Multiple mandibular exostoses: a rare case report.

Multiple maxillary and mandibular exostoses are common localized overgrowths of the bone. They are non-neoplastic and are thought to be reactive or developmental in origin. These exostoses need to be accurately distinguished from the other more diagnostically significant lesions, notably from the exosteal osteomas.

Relationship between maternal periodontal status and preterm low birth weight.

Throughout history, there has been the belief that diseases that affect the mouth, such as periodontal disease, can have an effect on the rest of the body. It is only very recently that scientists and clinicians have begun to provide an increasing body of scientific evidence suggesting that moderate untreated periodontitis may affect an individual systemically, and may contribute to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and preterm low birth weight. Birth weight is affected by multiple factors and is considered as an outcome of a complex multifactorial system.