Evaluation of Vancomycin Dose Needed to Achieve 24-Hour Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve to Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Ratio Greater Than or Equal to 400 Using Pharmacometric Approaches in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients.

Objectives: To investigate which independent factor(s) have an impact on the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in critically ill children, develop an equation to predict the 24-hour area under the concentration-time curve from a trough concentration, and evaluate dosing regimens likely to achieve a 24-hour area under the concentration-time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (AUC24/MIC) greater than or equal to 400.

Design: Prospective population pharmacokinetic study of vancomycin.

Setting: Critically ill patients in quaternary care PICUs.

Lithium-Induced Awakening of Neural Cell Memory of Involuntary Dyskinesia: A Case Report.

Involuntary movement disorders include tremors, tics, myoclonus, athetosis, chorea, dystonia, and dyskinesia. Neuroleptic drugs have the propensity to cause extrapyramidal side effects. Lithium-induced coarse tremors are well documented and may occur at therapeutic serum concentrations (0.

Elevated bile acids are associated with left ventricular structural changes in biliary atresia.

Background: In children with biliary atresia (BA), pathologic structural changes within the heart, which define cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, are associated with adverse perioperative outcomes. Despite their clinical relevance, little is known about the pathogenesis and triggers of pathologic remodeling. Bile acid excess causes cardiomyopathy in experimental cirrhosis, but its role in BA is poorly understood.

Minimal Change in Cardiac Index With Increasing PEEP in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

To determine if increasing positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) leads to a change in cardiac index in children with Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ranging from mild to severe. Prospective interventional study. Multidisciplinary Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in a University teaching hospital.

Change in Oxygen Consumption Following Inhalation of Albuterol in Comparison with Levalbuterol in Healthy Adult Volunteers.

Background: Albuterol is the most commonly used β agonist to treat reversible lower airway obstruction. Albuterol contains a racemic mixture of two enantiomers. Levalbuterol contains the single R form enantiomer.