Molecular epidemiology of lumpy skin disease outbreak in Odisha, India.

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is the causative agent of lumpy skin disease (LSD) which is a member of Capripoxvirus. It is an economically critical transboundary disease affecting cattle. This study records an LSD outbreak in Ganjam district of Odisha, India during August 2020.

Patterns of Antifungal Resistance in Adult Patients With Fungal Keratitis in South India: A Post Hoc Analysis of 3 Randomized Clinical Trials.

Importance: Antifungal resistance has been shown to impact treatment success, but research analyzing antifungal resistance is scarce.

Objective: To evaluate changes in antifungal resistance over time.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Ad hoc analysis of 3 randomized clinical trials including consecutive patients 18 years and older presenting with smear-positive fungal ulcers to Aravind Eye Hospitals in Madurai, Coimbatore, Pondicherry, and Tirunelveli in South India who participated in 1 of 3 clinical trials: the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trials (MUTT) I (2010 to 2011) or II (2010 to 2015) or the Cross-Linking Assisted Infection Reduction (CLAIR) trial (2016 to 2018).

Transplacental transmission of in cattle confirmed by molecular techniques.

() is a tick-borne apicomplexan parasite affecting ruminants and causes severe economic loss. The present paper reports the vertical transmission of in a three day old crossbred Jersey calf. Molecular diagnosis of tropical theileriosis was done by PCR, cloning, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of isolated parasites.

Efficacy of immunization compared to an anticoccidial drug combination in the management of challenged coccidiosis in Japanese quail.

This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of immunization, by a low-dose of live sporulated oocysts of different Eimeria species separately, with the efficacy of amprolium plus sulphaquinoxaline in the management of challenged coccidiosis in Japanese quail. Dropping samples were collected and sent to the laboratory for isolation and identification of Eimeria species. Three Eimeria species were isolated and identified as E.

Molecular detection of infection in cattle by conventional PCR and quantitative real time PCR in India.

() is a tick-borne apicomplexan parasite that affects bovine. It is endemic in many tropical and subtropics areas, including Odisha, India. The objective of this study is to identify infection in the peripheral blood of cattle as a biological sample by conventional PCR (cPCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Molecular, epidemiological and haematological evaluation in infected cattle from an endemic region in India.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the epidemiological and haematological parameters with simultaneous molecular detection of infection of crossbred jersey (CBJ) cattle. Haematological values like mean hemoglobin (Hb) (7.31 ± 2.

Effect of age on dental plaque deposition and its control by ultrasonic scaling, dental hygiene chew, and chlorhexidine (0.2%w/v) in dogs.

Background And Aim: Periodontitis is the most prevalent inflammatory dental disease caused by a lack of oral hygiene measures in domestic animals. The periodontal disease complex arises as a result of bacterial biofilm deposition termed as plaque on the tooth surface. Lack of cleaning measures either mechanical or chemical credit for the condition.

Association of Postfungal Keratitis Corneal Scar Features With Visual Acuity.

Importance: Corneal opacity is a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide; however, the specific features of corneal scars, which decrease visual acuity, have not been well characterized.

Objective: To investigate which features of a postfungal keratitis corneal scar contribute to decreased visual acuity after an episode of infectious keratitis and evaluate whether any corneal features may be used as outcomes for clinical trials.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this ancillary, prospective cross-sectional study, a subset of study participants treated for fungal keratitis (n = 71) as part of the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial I (MUTT I) underwent best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) and best contact lens-corrected visual acuity examination, Scheimpflug imaging, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography at a referral hospital in India approximately 2 years after enrollment.

Descemet Membrane Suturing for Large Descemet Membrane Detachment After Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To study the outcomes of Descemet membrane (DM) suturing for moderate to severe Descemet membrane detachment (DMD) after cataract surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective case review of all patients who underwent DM suturing for moderate to severe DMD after cataract surgery in a tertiary training eye care hospital from January 2017 to December 2017. Demographic details, type of cataract, type of cataract surgery, intraoperative complications, severity of DMD, time to repair, and post-DM suturing visual and clinical outcomes were documented.

Repeatability and Reproducibility of Slit Lamp, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Scheimpflug Measurements of Corneal Scars.

: To determine the repeatability and reproducibility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and Scheimpflug photography for several measurements of corneal scars, including scar size, scar depth, and corneal thickness. : A series of patients treated for fungal keratitis at a tertiary eye care center in South India were recalled two years after successful treatment. Eyes with corneal scars had a slit lamp examination performed by two ophthalmologists masked to the other's examination.

Colonization of therapeutic contact lens by dematiaceous fungi.

Purpose: To report 2 patients with colonization of therapeutic contact lens with dematiaceous fungi.

Methods: Case report.

Results: The first patient had a retained soft contact lens on an opaque cornea for 4 years with brownish black multiple colonies on the soft contact lens and culture grew Bipolaris spp.

Influence of extraction parameters and stability of betacyanins extracted from red amaranth during storage.

Natural colorants are important alternatives to synthetic colorants. They are considered harmless and positively affect biological activities owing to their antioxidant potential. The present study deals with the assessment of the extraction processes and the effects of pH (1.

The Significance of Repeat Cultures in the Treatment of Severe Fungal Keratitis.

Purpose: To identify fungal keratitis patients who are at risk of a poor outcome and may benefit from closer follow-up or more aggressive treatment.

Design: Secondary analysis of randomized clinical trial data.

Methods: We compared the clinical outcomes of patients who had positive 6-day fungal cultures with those who did not, using backward stepwise regression with covariates for all baseline clinical characteristics.

Ocular manifestations of isolated corneal bee sting injury, management strategies, and clinical outcomes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the presenting features, management strategies, and clinical outcome following bee sting injury to the cornea.

Methods: Retrospective case series involving 11 eyes of 11 patients with corneal bee sting injuries who presented over a period of 2 years. Nine of these 11 eyes had the presence of intact bee stinger in the cornea, which was removed immediately under an operating microscope and sent for microbiological and histopathological evaluation.

Microsporidial infection masquerading as graft rejection post-Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty.

A 51-year-old immunocompetent male with a history of Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy and immature cataract who underwent Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty with intraocular lens implantation in both eyes presented with redness and defective vision of 1-day duration in his left eye. Slit lamp examination revealed coarse superficial punctate lesions with graft edema. He was diagnosed with acute graft rejection and treated with topical steroids.

Predictors of Corneal Perforation or Need for Therapeutic Keratoplasty in Severe Fungal Keratitis: A Secondary Analysis of the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II.

Importance: Identifying patients with infectious keratitis who are at risk of experiencing a poor outcome may be useful to allocate resources toward high-risk patients, particularly in resource-poor settings.

Objective: To determine baseline patient and ulcer characteristics that predict a high risk of developing corneal perforation and/or the need to undergo therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (TPK).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a secondary analysis of Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II, a multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial that enrolled 240 patients with smear-positive filamentous fungal corneal ulcers who enrolled between May 2010 and August 2015.

Adjunctive Oral Voriconazole Treatment of Fusarium Keratitis: A Secondary Analysis From the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II.

Importance: Fusarium keratitis is common and often results in poor outcomes. No new treatments since natamycin have become available.

Objective: To explore the role of adjuvant oral voriconazole on clinical outcomes in Fusarium keratitis.

Effect of Oral Voriconazole on Fungal Keratitis in the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II (MUTT II): A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To compare oral voriconazole with placebo in addition to topical antifungals in the treatment of filamentous fungal keratitis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II (MUTT II), a multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, was conducted in India and Nepal, with 2133 individuals screened for inclusion. Patients with smear-positive filamentous fungal ulcers and visual acuity of 20/400 (logMAR 1.

Bilateral Atypical Granular Corneal Dystrophy Associated with Unilateral Keratoconus in a Male Child.

A 14-year-old male presented with decreased vision. Slit lamp examination indicated multiple anterior corneal stromal opacities with clear intervening spaces accompanied with superficial subepithelial lines arranged in a quasi-whorl-like fashion bilateral with greater prominence in the right eye. Corneal steepening associated with thinning was noted only in the right eye.

Trends in antibiotic resistance in bacterial keratitis isolates from South India.

Aims: To report trends in antibiotic resistance in cases of bacterial keratitis from a large eye hospital in South India.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the microbiology laboratory records of patients with infectious keratitis diagnosed at an eye hospital in South India from 2002 to 2013 were reviewed to determine the proportion with antibiotic non-susceptibility.

Results: 3685 bacterial isolates had susceptibility testing performed over the 12-year period.

Trends in bacterial and fungal keratitis in South India, 2002-2012.

Objective: To assess the trends in microbiological organisms identified from corneal scrapings from patients with infectious keratitis at a tertiary care medical centre in South India.

Methods: We reviewed the records of the microbiology laboratory at Aravind Eye Hospital in Madurai, India, from 2002 until 2012. We identified the microbiological causes of all corneal ulcers from the culture and smear results, and assessed for trends in bacterial and fungal keratitis over time.

Postoperative endophthalmitis due to Burkholderia cepacia complex from contaminated anaesthetic eye drops.

Objective: To report the clinical presentation and outcomes of cluster postcataract Burkholderia cepacia complex endophthalmitis, the source of infection and clonal relatedness of the isolates.

Methods: This was a retrospective study on 13 patients who developed acute postoperative endophthalmitis, along with an infiltrate at the corneal section, after an uneventful cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation. Aqueous aspirates, vitreous aspirates and environmental surveillance specimens were sampled.

Acanthamoeba, fungal, and bacterial keratitis: a comparison of risk factors and clinical features.

Purpose: To determine risk factors and clinical signs that may differentiate between bacterial, fungal, and acanthamoeba keratitis among patients presenting with presumed infectious keratitis.

Design: Hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Methods: We examined the medical records of 115 patients with laboratory-proven bacterial keratitis, 115 patients with laboratory-proven fungal keratitis, and 115 patients with laboratory-proven acanthamoeba keratitis seen at Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India, from 2006-2011.