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Conventional selective breeding in aquaculture has been effective in genetically enhancing economic traits like growth and disease resistance. However, its advances are restricted by heritability, the extended period required to produce a strain with desirable traits, and the necessity to target multiple characteristics simultaneously in the breeding programs. Genome editing tools like zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) are promising for faster genetic improvement in fishes.

Exploring bacterial diversity in Arctic fjord sediments: a 16S rRNA-based metabarcoding portrait.

The frosty polar environment houses diverse habitats mostly driven by psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microbes. Along with traditional cultivation methods, next-generation sequencing technologies have become common for exploring microbial communities from various extreme environments. Investigations on glaciers, ice sheets, ponds, lakes, etc.

Marine actinomycete Streptomyces variabilis S26 as a biocontrol agent for vibriosis in shrimp larval rearing systems.

Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant microbes and the loss of natural flora in aquaculture systems necessitating the ban of many of these chemotherapeutants in aquaculture. Actinobacteria play a profound role in the biogeochemical cycling in the marine environment and represent the principal source of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial property. In the present study, 98 marine-derived actinomycete isolates were screened for antimicrobial activity against the common aquatic pathogens.

Mangrove-associated endomycota: diversity and functional significance as a source of novel drug leads.

Endophytic fungi are known for their unprecedented ability to produce novel lead compounds of clinical and pharmaceutical importance. This review focuses on the unexplored fungal diversity associated with mangroves, emphasizing their biodiversity, distribution, and methodological approaches targeting isolation, and identification. Also highlights the bioactive compounds reported from the mangrove fungal endophytes.

Cytotoxic impacts of treated electroplating industrial effluent and the comparative effect of their metal components (Zn, Hg, and Zn+Hg) on Danio rerio gill (DrG) cell line.

Effluent produced during the electroplating process can contain high concentrations of heavy metals that can enter the environment and induce toxicity to aquatic organisms. Relatively high concentrations of zinc (Zn) and mercury (Hg) have been detected in treated electroplating industrial effluent (TEPIE), though the cytotoxic potential of these compounds has not been well assessed in fish gills. A novel cell line, Danio rerio gill (DrG), were exposed to TEPIE and concentrations of Zn, Hg, and Zn + Hg previously measured in treated effluent to evaluate the use of the DrG cell line following exposure to environmental pollutants.

Effects of zinc and mercury on ROS-mediated oxidative stress-induced physiological impairments and antioxidant responses in the microalga Chlorella vulgaris.

The rapid growth of industrialization and urbanization results in deterioration of freshwater systems around the world, rescinding the ecological balance. Among many factors that lead to adverse effects in aquatic ecology, metals are frequently discharged into aquatic ecosystems from natural and anthropogenic sources. Metals are highly persistent and toxic substances in trace amounts and can potentially induce severe oxidative stress in aquatic organisms.

Exploration and profiling of hidden endophytic mycota of marine macroalgae with potential drug leads.

Diversity studies of endophytic assemblages are emerging challenges, which unveil novel phenotypes producing interesting chemical entities and a better understanding of their ecological significance. In the present investigation, we selected an extremely complex and unique environment supporting unexplored endophytes, 'Macroalgae of Kerala coast, India'. Unlike terrestrial flora and mangroves, reports displaying endophytic assemblages of marine flora remain limited, especially from India.

CTAB influenced differential elution of metagenomic DNA from saltpan and marine sediments.

A simple, reliable method for genomic DNA extraction from sediments with minimum contaminants was developed to address the risk of poor quality DNA in metagenomic studies. Nine DNA extraction methods using 20% cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB) were performed and compared to develop an extraction protocol that can offer humic acid-free metagenomic DNA from marine and saltpan sediments. Community DNA extraction was executed via.

Marine Algicolous Endophytic Fungi - A Promising Drug Resource of the Era.

Endophytic fungi have currently been acknowledged as the most promising source of bioactive compounds for drug discovery, and considerable progress has been made in exploring their diversity, species richness, and bioprospecting. Fungal endophytes from unique environmental settings offer a pool of potentially useful medicinal entities. Owing to the constant stresses imposed on macroalgae by marine environments, it is believed that algae and their associated endophytic symbionts represent a good source of structurally diverse bioactive secondary metabolites.