Physalin H, physalin B, and isophysalin B suppress the quorum-sensing function of by binding to AgrA.

The virulence of , including methicillin-resistant (MRSA), depends on the expression of toxins and virulence factors controlled by the quorum-sensing (QS) system, encoded on the virulence accessory gene regulator () locus. The aim of this study was to identify a phytochemical that inhibits Agr-QS function and to elucidate its mechanism. We screened 577 compounds and identified physalin H, physalin B, and isophysalin B--phytochemicals belonging to physalins found in plants of the Solanaceae family--as novel Agr-QS modulators.

Isolation of bioactive phytochemicals from L along with their cytotoxic and TRAIL-resistance abrogating prospect assessment.

L. (Amaryllidaceae) is a perennial bulbous herb, locally utilized for possessing multifaceted pharmacological properties including anticancer, immune-stimulating, analgesic, antiviral, antimalarial, antibacterial and antifungal, in addition to its popularity as an aesthetic plant. Separation of MeOH extract of leaves yielded three known compounds as cycloneolitsol (), hippeastrine () and β-sitosterol ().

Isolation of Various Flavonoids with TRAIL Resistance-Overcoming Activity from .

Eighteen compounds, including fourteen flavonoids (-), one steroid (), two fatty acids (,), and one nitrogen-containing compound (), were isolated from the methanol extract of the whole plant collected in Thailand. Compounds - and - exhibited tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) resistance-overcoming activity. Among them, bonanzin () and cirsilineol () had particularly strong TRAIL resistance-overcoming activity, where the IC values against the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS in the presence of TRAIL (100 ng/mL) were 10.

A new 1,2-diketone physalin isolated from Physalis minima and TRAIL-resistance overcoming activity of physalins.

A new 1,2-diketone physalin, physalin XII (1), and 13 known compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of Physalis minima whole plant collected in Thailand. Among them, five physalins (2-6) had tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-resistance overcoming activity, and physalin F (3) was the most active with an IC value of 0.39 µM against human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS in the presence of TRAIL (100 ng/mL).

Two Bioactive Compounds, Uniformides A and B, Isolated from a Culture of IFM0856 in the Presence of Animal Cells.

Two new peptides named uniformides A and B ( and , respectively) were isolated from the cultured extracts of IFM0856 in the presence of mouse macrophage-like cell line J774.1, in modified Czapek-Dox medium. These compounds were not produced in a culture containing only but in one that also included J774.

Thannilignan glucoside and 2-(β-glucopyranosyl)-3-isoxazolin-5-one derivative, two new compounds isolated from Terminalia bellirica.

Two new compounds, thannilignan 9-O-β-glucoside (1) and 2-(β-glucopyranosyl)-3-isoxazolin-5-one derivative (2), and seven known compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of Terminalia bellirica leaves, collected in Bangladesh. The structures of the compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic analysis. Among these isolated compounds, corilagin (3) was cytotoxic against human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS at an IC of 20.

Detection of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 in cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients.

NUCB2/nesfatin-1 was originally discovered as an anorexigenic peptide. However, recent studies revealed various additional functions including the regulation of inflammation. However, there are no studies that investigated the involvement of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 in neuroinflammatory diseases.

Plasma free 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in acute schizophrenics before and after treatment.

Plasma free 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (pMHPG) was measured in 19 patients with acute schizophrenia before and after neuroleptic therapy. Plasma antinoradrenergic activity (pANA) of the neuroleptics used was measured after treatment. Before treatment, pMHPG was higher in the patients than in 20 normal controls.

An operon containing the genes for cholesterol oxidase and a cytochrome P-450-like protein from a Streptomyces sp.

The nucleotide sequence of the promoter region of the gene for cholesterol oxidase (choA) from Streptomyces sp. strain SA-COO was determined. We found an open reading frame (choP) that is located between a potential promoter sequence and the structural gene for the ChoA protein.

Cloning of DNA fragments containing Streptomyces promoter activity.

The thiostrepton-resistance gene is expressed in Streptomyces jumonjinensis [16]-8 SANK 61185 carrying the plasmid pIJ702 but not the tyrosinase gene. We have isolated DNA fragments from various streptomycetes that restore expression of the tyrosinase gene on pIJ702 in this organism. The nucleotide sequences of two of these DNA fragments show that they contain putative ribosome binding sites and- 10 regions of possible promoters.

Computed tomography of the brain in children with early infantile autism.

In order to examine the cranial CT of autistic children and investigate the etiological significance of CT scan findings, the CT of the brain was surveyed in 24 children with early infantile autism (3 to 17 years with a mean age of 7.6), and 179 children with the normal CT despite their medical histories such as headaches or febrile convulsions. According to their ages, the autistic and normal children were divided into the following three groups: Group I (age ranging from 3 to 5), Group II (age: 6 to 9) and Group III (age: 10 to 17).

New antibiotics, enaminomycins A, B and C. I. Producing organism, fermentation and isolation.

New antibiotics, enaminomycins A, B and C, were found in the culture broth of streptomycete strain No. 13120, which was identified as Streptomyces baarnensis and designated as S. baarnensis No.