Using an Office-Based, Dedicated Extremity MRI Scanner for Depicting Important Structures in Common Wrist Pathologies: A Pilot Comparison with a Conventional MRI Scanner.

 Compared with the conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), dedicated MRI scanners are more accessible. Images of a dedicated 1.0-T MRI specifically developed for the hand and wrist were compared with images of a conventional 1.

MRI screening for silicone breast implant rupture: accuracy, inter- and intraobserver variability using explantation results as reference standard.

Objectives: The recall of Poly Implant Prothèse (PIP) silicone breast implants in 2010 resulted in large numbers of asymptomatic women with implants who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening. This study's aim was to assess the accuracy and interobserver variability of MRI screening in the detection of rupture and extracapsular silicone leakage.

Methods: A prospective study included 107 women with 214 PIP implants who underwent explantation preceded by MRI.

Magnetic resonance imaging screening results compared with explantation results in poly implant prothèse silicone breast implants, recalled from the European market in 2010.

Background: In a prospective cohort study, the authors followed 112 women whose Poly Implant Prothèse silicone breast implants were recalled. Magnetic resonance imaging results and clinical consequences were previously published. The authors compared magnetic resonance imaging screening with explantation results to study the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in this unique unselected and nonbiased group.

Discovertebral (Andersson) lesions in severe ankylosing spondylitis: a study using MRI and conventional radiography.

The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of Andersson lesions (AL) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients who will start anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine were performed before therapy with anti-TNF. ALs were defined as discovertebral endplate destructions on MRI, associated with bone marrow edema and fat replacement or sclerosis, a decreased signal on T1, enhancement after contrast administration (gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA)), and increased signal on T2 and short tau inversion recovery (STIR).

Abdominal computed tomography in refractory coeliac disease and enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma.

Aim: To evaluate computed tomography (CT) findings, useful to suggest the presence of refractory celiac disease (RCD) and enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma (EATL).

Methods: Coeliac disease (CD) patients were divided into two groups. Group I: uncomplicated CD (n = 14) and RCD type I (n = 10).

Adaptation of jaw closing muscles after surgical mandibular advancement procedures in different vertical craniofacial types: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

Objective: Surgical mandibular advancement influences the biomechanics of the mandible and as a result may provoke relapse. In this study, the adaptation of the masseter (MAS) and medial pterygoid muscles (MPM) after surgical mandibular advancement was evaluated.

Study Design: Of 12 patients with mandibular retrognathia and varying vertical craniofacial morphology, axial and 30 degrees angulated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan series were taken preoperatively and 10 to 48 months postoperatively.

The use of perfusion CT for the evaluation of therapy combining AZD2171 with gefitinib in cancer patients.

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion CT (CTP) in evaluating the hemodynamic response of tumors in the chest and abdomen treated with a combination of AZD2171 and gefitinib. Thirteen patients were examined just before and every 4-6 weeks after starting therapy. Following intravenous injection of a contrast agent, dynamic image acquisition was obtained at the level of a selected tumor location.

Tumor characteristics and detection method in the MRISC screening program for the early detection of hereditary breast cancer.

In the MRISC study, women with an inherited risk for breast cancer were screened by a 6-month clinical breast examination (CBE) and yearly MRI and mammography. We found that the MRISC screening scheme could facilitate early breast cancer diagnosis and that MRI was a more sensitive screening method than mammography, but less specific. In the current study we investigated the contribution of MRI in the early detection of breast cancer in relation to tumor characteristics.

Air in the carotid canal as a predictor of distal internal carotid artery laceration.

The authors describe a 25-year old patient with blunt trauma-induced bilateral, distal segment internal carotid artery (ICA) lacerations, resulting in a left-sided direct carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) and presenting with massive oronasal bleeding. The combination of severe oronasal bleeding, with air in the carotid canal should alarm the treating physician to the presence of a distal internal carotid artery laceration.

Factors affecting sensitivity and specificity of screening mammography and MRI in women with an inherited risk for breast cancer.

Background: The MRISC study is a screening study, in which women with an increased risk of hereditary breast cancer are screened by a yearly mammography and MRI, and half-yearly clinical breast examination. The sensitivity found in this study was 40% for mammography and 71% for MRI and the specificity was 95 and 90%, respectively. In the current subsequent study we investigated whether these results are influenced by age, a BRCA1/2 mutation, menopausal status and breast density.

Differences between first and subsequent rounds of the MRISC breast cancer screening program for women with a familial or genetic predisposition.

Background: Within the Dutch MRI Screening (MRISC) study, a Dutch multicenter screening study for hereditary breast cancer, the authors investigated whether previously reported increased diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with mammography would be maintained during subsequent screening rounds.

Methods: From November 1999 to October 2003, 1909 eligible women were included in the study. Screening parameters and tumor characteristics of different rounds were calculated and compared.

Effects of 10 years of growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy in adult GH-deficient men.

Objective: GH-deficient adults have changes in body composition, bone mineral density (BMD) and lipid profile that can be altered by GH substitution. However, long-term data on GH substitution (up to 10 years of follow-up) are limited.

Design: The effects of 10 years of GH replacement therapy on BMD, body composition, bone parameters, serum lipids and glucose metabolism were studied.

Results of radio frequency ablation of primary and secondary liver tumors: long-term follow-up with computed tomography and positron emission tomography-18F-deoxyfluoroglucose scanning.

Background: In the literature, promising results have been obtained with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of primary liver malignancies (e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC) and secondary liver malignancies (e.

A comparison of radiographic and scintigraphic techniques to assess aseptic loosening of the acetabular component in a total hip replacement.

Background: The diagnosis of a loose total hip prosthesis is often established with use of radiographic and nuclear medicine techniques, but there is controversy about the relative utility of plain radiography, subtraction arthrography, nuclear arthrography, and bone scintigraphy. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and interobserver reliability of these imaging modalities in patients suspected of having aseptic loosening of the acetabular component.

Methods: From 1994 to 1999, eighty-six consecutive patients with pain after a total hip arthroplasty were evaluated for possible loosening of the components.

Efficacy of MRI and mammography for breast-cancer screening in women with a familial or genetic predisposition.

Background: The value of regular surveillance for breast cancer in women with a genetic or familial predisposition to breast cancer is currently unproven. We compared the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with that of mammography for screening in this group of high-risk women.

Methods: Women who had a cumulative lifetime risk of breast cancer of 15 percent or more were screened every six months with a clinical breast examination and once a year by mammography and MRI, with independent readings.

Lung density measurements in spontaneous pneumothorax demonstrate airtrapping.

Purpose: Idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) is the result of leakage of air from the lung parenchyma through a ruptured visceral pleura into the pleural cavity. This rupture is thought to be caused by an increased pressure difference between parenchymal airspace and pleural cavity. We hypothesize that rather peripheral airway inflammation leads to obstruction with check valve phenomena and by that to airtrapping in the lung parenchyma, which precedes spontaneous pneumothorax.

Secondary deformities of the shoulder in infants with an obstetrical brachial plexus lesions considered for neurosurgical treatment.

Object: The authors performed a prospective study in which magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was conducted in 26 consecutive infants (mean age 5.6 months, range 2.7-14.

Variations in diagnostic performances of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the northwest of The Netherlands.

Between-center variation in bone densitometry may influence the frequency of the diagnosis of osteoporosis. To evaluate this problem, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) machines of the medical centers in the northwest of The Netherlands were evaluated. Four phantoms were used to test the 17 DXA machines of 16 participating centers.

MRI screening for breast cancer in women with familial or genetic predisposition: design of the Dutch National Study (MRISC).

Mammography screening of women aged 50-70 years for breast cancer has proven to be effective in reducing breast cancer mortality. There is no consensus about the value of breast cancer screening in women aged 40-49 years. Five to ten per cent of all breast cancers are hereditary.

Cine MRI assessment of aortic aneurysm dynamics before and after endovascular repair.

Purpose: To evaluate stent-graft and aneurysm wall motions during the cardiac cycle using cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify mechanisms of long-term failure of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Methods: Prior to and after EVAR in 7 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), 12 MRI images per cardiac cycle were acquired in transverse, sagittal, and coronal planes of the aneurysm. Two independent observers blinded to the aim of the study manually traced stent-graft and aneurysm wall contours.

Lung attenuation measurements in healthy young adults.

Background: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) attenuation measurements may be more sensitive in finding early emphysematous changes in relatively young subjects than lung function measurements.

Objectives: To define lung attenuation parameters in smokers and never-smokers.

Methods: A prospective comparative study in a university hospital setting was designed with 20 healthy smoking and 20 nonsmoking volunteers.

Measuring secondary deformities of the shoulder in children with obstetric brachial plexus lesion: reliability of three methods.

In this study the interobserver reliability of three established measurement methods to objectify secondary deformities of the shoulder in obstetric brachial plexus lesion was evaluated (OBPL). Magnet resonance imaging scans of 30 affected shoulders of 29 OBPL children, mean age 1 year 9 months (range 3 months to 6.3 years) were used.

Alternative approach to massive gastrointestinal bleeding in ulcerative colitis: highly selective transcatheter embolization.

Massive haemorrhage in ulcerative colitis mainly occurs as a result of exacerbated disease, usually acute or even fulminant colitis. Emergency proctocolectomy is currently advocated as the only reliable treatment of this patient group. However, this type of surgical intervention has a high rate of morbidity and mortality.