Effects of very early hyperoxemia on neurologic outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A secondary analysis of the TTM-2 trial.

Purpose: Hyperoxemia is common in patients resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and may increase the risk of mortality. However, the effect of hyperoxemia on functional outcome, specifically related to the timing of exposure to hyperoxemia, remains unclear.

Methods: The secondary analysis of the Target Temperature Management 2 (TTM-2) randomized trial.

Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopic determination of trace rare earth elements in highly refractory gadolinium zirconate (GdZrO).

Gadolinium zirconate (GdZrO) belongs to the category of burnable absorber (BA) material in nuclear reactors. The high neutron-absorption cross sections of Gd isotopes (Gd and Gd) implement negative reactivity in the reactor core to control the excess reactivity of the fuel at the beginning of the fission cycle. The presence of other rare earth elements, which can come from the starting material and/or may be taken up during the synthesis steps, will affect the negative reactivity calculation.

A multicentre point prevalence study of nocturnal hours awake and enteral pharmacological sleep aids in patients admitted to Australian and New Zealand intensive care units.

Objective: Critically ill patients suffer disrupted sleep. Hypnotic medications may improve sleep; however, local epidemiological data regarding the amount of nocturnal time awake and the use of such medications is needed.

Design: Point prevalence study.

Effect of level of sedation on outcomes in critically ill adult patients: a systematic review of clinical trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Sedation is routinely administered to critically ill patients to alleviate anxiety, discomfort, and patient-ventilator asynchrony. However, it must be balanced against risks such as delirium and prolonged intensive care stays. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of sedation in critically ill adults.

A multicentre point prevalence study of delirium assessment and management in patients admitted to Australian and New Zealand intensive care units.

To characterise the assessment and management of delirium in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia and New Zealand. We conducted a multicentre observational point prevalence study across 44 adult Australian and New Zealand ICUs. Data were extracted for all patients in the ICU in terms of assessment and treatment of delirium.

The Plasma-Lyte 148 versus Saline (PLUS) statistical analysis plan: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial of the effect of intensive care fluid therapy on mortality.

The Plasma-Lyte 148 versus Saline (PLUS) study is a prospective, multicentre, parallel-group, concealed, blinded, randomised controlled trial comparing the effect of Plasma-Lyte 148 versus 0.9% sodium chloride (saline) for fluid resuscitation and other fluid therapy on 90-day mortality among critically ill adults requiring fluid resuscitation. The original target for recruitment was 8800 participants, which was reduced to 5000 participants following the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020.

Pain assessment and analgesic management in patients admitted to intensive care: an Australian and New Zealand point prevalence study.

To describe pain assessment and analgesic management practices in patients in intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia and New Zealand. Prospective, observational, multicentre, single-day point prevalence study conducted in Australian and New Zealand ICUs. Observational data were recorded for all adult patients admitted to an ICU without a neurological, neurosurgical or postoperative cardiac diagnosis.

Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometric Analysis of Ten Lanthanides at the Ultratrace Level Having a High Degree of Overlap in the Emission Lines.

The extensive use of lanthanide elements in the medical, electrical, agricultural, and nuclear fields has increased their contamination in the environment. The detrimental effect of lanthanides on human health can be reduced or eliminated by their fast determination in the concerned specimen. For this purpose, an offline conjugation of the cloud point extraction (CPE) process with total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectrometry was done.

Higher versus lower blood pressure targets after cardiac arrest: Systematic review with individual patient data meta-analysis.

Purpose: Guidelines recommend targeting mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 65 mmHg in patients after cardiac arrest (CA). Recent trials have studied the effects of targeting a higher MAP as compared to a lower MAP after CA. We performed a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the effects of higher versus lower MAP targets on patient outcome.

Selective Extraction of Thorium(IV) from Uranium and Rare Earth Elements Using Tetraphenylethane-1,2-diylbis(phosphoramidate).

Tetraphenylethane-1,2-diylbis(phosphoramidate) in conjugation with a room temperature ionic liquid in chloroform medium is reported for the first time in the liquid-liquid extraction of thorium (Th). The extracted Th(IV) is collected as a white solid in the organic medium, thereby facilitating its easy separation. A high distribution ratio (D) of (12.

Level of sedation in critically ill adult patients: a protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Introduction: It is standard of care to provide sedation to critically ill patients to reduce anxiety, discomfort and promote tolerance of mechanical ventilation. Given that sedatives can have differing effects based on a variety of patient and pharmacological characteristics, treatment approaches are largely based on targeting the level of sedation. The benefits of differing levels of sedation must be balanced against potential adverse effects including haemodynamic instability, causing delirium, delaying awakening and prolonging the time of mechanical ventilation and intensive care stay.

Hypothermic versus Normothermic Temperature Control after Cardiac Arrest.

BACKGROUND: The evidence for temperature control for comatose survivors of cardiac arrest is inconclusive. Controversy exists as to whether the effects of hypothermia differ per the circumstances of the cardiac arrest or patient characteristics. METHODS: An individual patient data meta-analysis of the Targeted Temperature Management at 33°C versus 36°C after Cardiac Arrest (TTM) and Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (TTM2) trials was conducted.

Curcumin Nanodiscs Improve Solubility and Serve as Radiological Protectants against Ionizing Radiation Exposures in a Cell-Cycle Dependent Manner.

Curcumin, a natural polyphenol derived from the spice turmeric (), contains antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. However, curcumin bioavailability is inherently low due to poor water solubility and rapid metabolism. Here, we further refined for use curcumin incorporated into "biomimetic" nanolipoprotein particles (cNLPs) consisting of a phospholipid bilayer surrounded by apolipoprotein A1 and amphipathic polymer scaffolding moieties.

Interactions in the 2×2×2 factorial randomised clinical STEPCARE trial and the potential effects on conclusions: a protocol for a simulation study.

Background: Randomised clinical trials with a factorial design may assess the effects of multiple interventions in the same population. Factorial trials are carried out under the assumption that the trial interventions have no interactions on outcomes. Here, we present a protocol for a simulation study investigating the consequences of different levels of interactions between the trial interventions on outcomes for the future 2×2×2 factorial designed randomised clinical Sedation, TEmperature, and Pressure after Cardiac Arrest and REsuscitation (STEPCARE) trial in comatose patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Oxygen targets and 6-month outcome after out of hospital cardiac arrest: a pre-planned sub-analysis of the targeted hypothermia versus targeted normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (TTM2) trial.

Background: Optimal oxygen targets in patients resuscitated after cardiac arrest are uncertain. The primary aim of this study was to describe the values of partial pressure of oxygen values (PaO) and the episodes of hypoxemia and hyperoxemia occurring within the first 72 h of mechanical ventilation in out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. The secondary aim was to evaluate the association of PaO with patients' outcome.

The cuff leak test in critically ill patients: An international survey of intensivists.

Background: The cuff leak test (CLT) is used to assess laryngeal edema prior to extubation. There is limited evidence for its diagnostic accuracy and conflicting guidelines surrounding its use in critically ill patients who do not have risk factors for laryngeal edema. The primary study aim was to describe intensivists' beliefs, attitudes, and practice regarding the use of the CLT.

Ventilatory settings in the initial 72 h and their association with outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a preplanned secondary analysis of the targeted hypothermia versus targeted normothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TTM2) trial.

Purpose: The optimal ventilatory settings in patients after cardiac arrest and their association with outcome remain unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the ventilatory settings applied in the first 72 h of mechanical ventilation in patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and their association with 6-month outcomes.

Methods: Preplanned sub-analysis of the Target Temperature Management-2 trial.

Development of the Consumer Involvement & Engagement Toolkit: a digital resource to build capacity for undertaking patient-centred clinical trials in Australia.

Objective: This manuscript describes the novel approach to developing a toolkit to support meaningful consumer involvement in clinical trials in Australia to help guide others in considering the development of similar resources.The toolkit aims to support greater consumer involvement in shaping how clinical research is prioritised, designed and conducted. Type of program or service: A working group of researchers, research organisations and consumers was established to co-develop the Consumer Involvement and Engagement Toolkit (the 'Toolkit'), a digital resource to guide researchers and organisations regarding consumer involvement in clinical trials.