Performance evaluation of a dual-flow recharge filter for improving groundwater quality.

A dual-flow multimedia stormwater filter integrated with a groundwater recharge system was developed and tested for hydraulic efficiency and pollutant removal efficiency. The influent stormwater first flows horizontally through the circular layers of planted grass and biofibers. Subsequently, the flow direction changes to a vertical direction so that water moves through layers of pebbles and sand and finally gets recharged to the deep aquifers.

Performance evaluation and modelling studies of gravel--coir fibre--sand multimedia stormwater filter.

A horizontal flow multimedia stormwater filter was developed and tested for hydraulic efficiency and pollutant removal efficiency. Gravel, coconut (Cocos nucifera) fibre and sand were selected as the media and filled in 1:1:1 proportion. A fabric screen made up of woven sisal hemp was used to separate the media.

NPPB structure-specifically activates TRPA1 channels.

TRPA1 channels have been found to play an important role in mammalian pain sensation, especially when the pain is caused by chemicals on site of inflammation. A large number of structurally diverse chemicals are found to activate TRPA1 channels, implicating a potential chemosensor in neuronal nociception. Identification of the channel activation by cysteine modification through covalent chemical reaction provides arguments for the diversity of the agonist structures.

Rb+ efflux assay for assessment of non-selective cation channel activities.

ABSTRACT Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been found to play important roles in cellular physiology and hold promise as therapeutic targets. These channels activate in response to a variety of chemical or physical stimuli and conduct non-selective cation currents (NSCC). Due to their unique activation properties, application of automated electrophysiology to measure the channel activity has been difficult.

High-throughput screening for Kv1.3 channel blockers using an improved FLIPR-based membrane-potential assay.

Voltage-gated K(+) channels are potential drug targets for an increasing number of disease indications. Searching for compounds that modulate K(+) channel activities by high-throughput screening (HTS) is becoming a standard approach in the drug discovery effort. Here the authors report an improved fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) membrane potential assay for Kv1.

Selective Kv1.5 blockers: development of (R)-1-(methylsulfonylamino)-3-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-imidazolidinone (KVI-020/WYE-160020) as a potential treatment for atrial arrhythmia.

Atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent form of cardiac arrhythmia. Current treatments extend the atrial effective refractory period by nonselective blockade of cardiac ion channels. An alternative approach selectively targeting the Kv1.

Evaluation of emergency medicine trainees' ability to use transport equipment.

Objective: To assess the skills of advanced emergency medicine trainees in the use of commonly used transport equipment and to determine what teaching has been undertaken and what level of confidence trainees have in their ability to use the equipment tested.

Methods: This is a prospective multicentre observational study examining equipment use. Three pieces of equipment were examined: the infusion pump, defibrillator-monitor and transport ventilator.

A spectrophotometric method to quantify linear DNA.

A spectrophotometric method for quantification of linear DNA is described. The assay measures ADP produced following digestion of linear DNA by an ATP-dependent deoxyribonuclease. Cleavage of the phosphodiester bond of the DNA substrate is proportional to ADP formed in the reaction which follows typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics (K(m) of 0.