Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Nile tilapia ( ) fed diets supplemented with guava and star gooseberry leaf extract.

Background: Nile tilapia ( ) is predominant cultured species in aquaculture. However, there is a scarcity of literature regarding relationship between guava and star gooseberry leaf extract and the condition factor. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effect of guava and star gooseberry leaf extract-supplemented diets on the specific growth rate, length-weight relationship, and condition factor of Nile tilapia.

Bimetallic nanoparticles with sulfated galactan eliminate Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimp Penaeus vannamei.

Bimetallic (Au/Ag) nanoparticles (BNPs) have shown enhanced antibacterial activity compared to their monometallic counterparts. Sulfated galactans (SG) are a naturally occurring polymer commonly found in red seaweed Gracilaria fisheri. They are biocompatible and biodegradable and environmentally friendly.

Integrative transcript to proteome analysis of barley during leaf spot development identified several proteins that are related to fungal recognition and infection responses.

Introduction: leaf spot (RLS) disease is a growing threat to barley cultivation, but with no substantial resistance identified to date. Similarly, the understanding of the lifestyle of () and the prediction of RLS outbreak severity remain challenging, with displaying a rather untypical long endophytic phase and a sudden change to a necrotrophic lifestyle. The aim of this study was to provide further insights into the defense dynamics during the different stages of colonization and infection in barley in order to identify potential targets for resistance breeding.

Effect of Leaf Extract on the Growth Performance, Hematology, Innate Immunity, and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia () against Biotype 2.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of leaf (MLE) extract-supplemented diets on the growth, feed utilization, hematology, innate immune response, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia against Biotype 2. Four hundred and fifty Nile tilapia (32.61 ± 0.

Systemic and mucosal immune responses in red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) following immersion vaccination with a chitosan polymer-based nanovaccine against Aeromonas veronii.

A mucoadhesive chitosan polymer-based nanoplatform has been increasingly recognized as an effective mucosal vaccine delivery system for fish. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of immersion vaccination with a chitosan polymer-based nanovaccine to elicit an immune response in serum and mucus of red tilapia and evaluate its protective efficacy after immersion challenge with a heterogenous strain of Aeromonas veronii UDRT09. Six hundred red tilapia (22 ± 1.

Effects of Mangosteen () Peel Extract Loaded in Nanoemulsion on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia () against Infection.

Nanotechnology can enhance nutrient delivery and bioavailability; hence, it has recently been considered the most practical alternative technology for nutritional supplements and disease control in fish farming. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of mangosteen peel extract loaded in nanoemulsion (MSNE) on the inhibition of (in vitro) and in vivo growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, the immune response, and the disease resistance of Nile tilapia () against challenge. The particle size, polydispersity index, and particle surface charge of MSNE were 151.

Clove Oil-Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Platform of Herbal Anesthetics in Whiteleg Shrimp ().

Whiteleg shrimp () have been vulnerable to the stress induced by different aquaculture operations such as capture, handling, and transportation. In this study, we developed a novel clove oil-nanostructured lipid carrier (CO-NLC) to enhance the water-soluble capability and improve its anesthetic potential in whiteleg shrimp. The physicochemical characteristics, stability, and drug release capacity were assessed in vitro.

Oral delivery of a Streptococcus agalactiae vaccine to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) using a novel cationic-based nanoemulsion containing bile salts.

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of Thailand's most important pathogens in tilapia aquaculture. Vaccination is a very effective method for protecting fish against disease in aquaculture. Oral vaccination is an interesting route for vaccine delivery as it mimics the pathogenesis of S.

Masculinization of Red Tilapia ( spp.) Using 17α-Methyltestosterone-Loaded Alkyl Polyglucosides Integrated into Nanostructured Lipid Carriers.

The aim of the present study was to optimize a masculinization platform for the production of all-male red tilapia fry by oral administration of 30 and 60 ppm of MT and alkyl polyglucoside nanostructured lipid carriers (APG-NLC) loaded with MT, respectively, for 14 and 21 days. The characterization, encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics of MT in lipid-based nanoparticles were assessed in vitro. The results showed that the MT-loaded nanoparticles were spherical, ranging from 80 to 125 nm in size, and had a negative charge with a narrow particle distribution.

Depolymerized Fractions of Sulfated Galactans Extracted from and Their Antibacterial Activity against and .

Various seaweed sulfated polysaccharides have been explored for antimicrobial application. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the native sulfated galactans (NSG) and depolymerized fractions against the marine pathogenic bacteria and . NSG was hydrolyzed in different concentrations of HO to generate sulfated galactans degraded fractions (SGF).

Effect of Hydrothermal Cooking and Germination Treatment on Functional and Physicochemical Properties of Bean Flours: An Underexplored Legume Species of Genera.

The present study was undertaken to analyze the impact of germination (NBG) and hydrothermal cooking (NBHTC) on the nutritional profile and physicochemical, functional and microstructural properties of Nitta bean () (NBR) seeds. Results demonstrated that the highest crude protein and fat content could be found in NBG and NBHTC, whereas the ash content was significantly higher in NBG. Compared to NBHTC and NBR, NBG has higher emulsion capacity and stability, with values determined to be 58.

Deciphering Molecular Host-Pathogen Interactions During Infection on Barley.

is the causal agent of Ramularia leaf spot disease (RLS) on barley and became, during the recent decades, an increasing threat for farmers across the world. Here, we analyze morphological, transcriptional, and metabolic responses of two barley cultivars having contrasting tolerance to RLS, when infected by an aggressive or mild isolate. We found that fungal biomass in leaves of the two cultivars does not correlate with their tolerance to RLS, and both cultivars displayed cell wall reinforcement at the point of contact with the fungal hyphae.

Ligand-recognizing motifs in plant LysM receptors are major determinants of specificity.

Plants evolved lysine motif (LysM) receptors to recognize and parse microbial elicitors and drive intracellular signaling to limit or facilitate microbial colonization. We investigated how chitin and nodulation (Nod) factor receptors of initiate differential signaling of immunity or root nodule symbiosis. Two motifs in the LysM1 domains of these receptors determine specific recognition of ligands and discriminate between their in planta functions.

Dissection of Ramularia Leaf Spot Disease by Integrated Analysis of Barley and Ramularia collo-cygni Transcriptome Responses.

Ramularia leaf spot disease (RLS), caused by the ascomycete fungus Ramularia collo-cygni, has emerged as a major economic disease of barley. No substantial resistance has been identified, so far, among barley genotypes and, based on the epidemiology of the disease, a quantitative genetic determinacy of RLS has been suggested. The relative contributions of barley and R.

Synthesis of Geraniol Esters in a Continuous-Flow Packed-Bed Reactor of Immobilized Lipase: Optimization of Process Parameters and Kinetic Modeling.

With increasing demand for perfumes, flavors, beverages, and pharmaceuticals, the various associated industries are resorting to different approaches to enhance yields of desired compounds. The use of fixed-bed biocatalytic reactors in some of the processes for making fine chemicals will be of great value because the reaction times could be reduced substantially as well as high conversion and yields obtained. In the current study, a continuous-flow packed-bed reactor of immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym 435) was employed for synthesis of various geraniol esters.

N-glycan maturation mutants in Lotus japonicus for basic and applied glycoprotein research.

Studies of protein N-glycosylation are important for answering fundamental questions on the diverse functions of glycoproteins in plant growth and development. Here we generated and characterised a comprehensive collection of Lotus japonicusLORE1 insertion mutants, each lacking the activity of one of the 12 enzymes required for normal N-glycan maturation in the glycosylation machinery. The inactivation of the individual genes resulted in altered N-glycan patterns as documented using mass spectrometry and glycan-recognising antibodies, indicating successful identification of null mutations in the target glyco-genes.

Cold tolerance in thiourea primed capsicum seedlings is associated with transcript regulation of stress responsive genes.

Benefits of seed priming in seedling establishment and tolerance to subsequent stress exposure are well reported. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the priming mediated benefits are not much discovered. Results of our earlier experiments established that thiourea (TU) seed priming imparts cold tolerance to capsicum seedlings.