Rab7 empowers renal tubular epithelial cells with autophagy-mediated protection against albumin-induced injury.

Most patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present with proteinuria and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the interstitium. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is important for maintaining ECM metabolism and it affects the formation and development of CKD. Autophagy has been reported to be protective against renal tubular injury, but the role of autophagy related to ECM metabolism is unclear.

Effects of Simultaneous Downregulation of PHD1 and Keap1 on Prevention and Reversal of Liver Fibrosis in Mice.

To investigate whether double-knockdown of PHD1 and Keap1 in mice could enhance the resolution of carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced liver fibrosis. The liver fibrosis model of mice was established by intraperitoneal injection of 25% CCl in olive oil (4 ul/g) twice a week for 8 weeks. PHD1shRNA and Keap1shRNA eukaryotic expression plasmids were simultaneously administered from the beginning of the first to fourth week (preventive group) or from the fifth to eighth week of CCl injection (therapeutic group) via hydrodynamic-based tail vein injection.

An Attempt to Establish a Common Animal Model for Hepatorenal Fibrosis in Rats.

It is already a proven fact that there exists a relationship between CLD (chronic liver disease) and kidney disease but still there is no available combined animal model of liver and kidney fibrosis on the same animal. An animal model is one of the important research tools in the field of medical science because it is important to build a model that can simulate the disease condition so that the particular disease can be studied. Therefore, the aim of this study is to build a less expensive, less time consuming, and reproducible model of hepatorenal fibrosis on rats.

A modified approach to establish a murine model of hypoxic renal interstitial fibrosis.

Modelling methods that are commonly used to establish a murine model of hypoxic renal interstitial fibrosis mainly includes 5/6 nephrectomy, unilateral ureteral obstruction and cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced renal interstitial fibrosis. The first two methods are technically challenging and unsuitable for clinical practice; thus, CsA induction is more promising. A previously introduced model of CsA-induced renal interstitial fibrosis involves the subcutaneous injection of CsA combined with a 0.

MMP-2 and 9 in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Gelatinases are members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) family; they play an important role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This effect is also crucial in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Its expression, as well as its activity regulation are closely related to the cell signaling pathways, hypoxia and cell membrane structural change.