Increased prevalence of endocervical Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma colonization in infertile women with tubal factor.

Objective: Most women suffering from tubal factor infertility do not have a history of pelvic inflammatory disease, but rather have asymptomatic upper genital tract infection. Investigating the impacts of such infections, even in the absence of clinically confirmed pelvic inflammatory disease, is critical to understanding the tubal factor of infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of endocervical bacteria is associated with tubal factors in women screened for infertility.

Pelvic floor muscle training for overactive bladder symptoms - A prospective study.

Introduction: Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) involves the contraction of the puborectal, anal sphincter and external urethral muscles, inhibiting the detrusor contraction, what justify its use in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms.

Objective: To verify the effects of isolated PFMT on the symptoms of OAB.

Method: Prospective clinical trial with 27 women with mixed urinary incontinence (MUI), with predominance of OAB symptoms and loss ≥ 2 g in the pad test.

Interface between breast cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment using platelet-rich plasma to promote tumor angiogenesis - influence of platelets and fibrin bundles on the behavior of breast tumor cells.

Cancer progression is associated with an evolving tissue interface of direct epithelial-tumor microenvironment interactions. In biopsies of human breast tumors, extensive alterations in molecular pathways are correlated with cancer staging on both sides of the tumor-stroma interface. These interactions provide a pivotal paracrine signaling to induce malignant phenotype transition, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Assessment of laparoscopic skills of Gynecology and Obstetrics residents after a training program.

Objective: To evaluate laparoscopic skills of third-year Gynecology and Obstetrics residents after training at a training and surgical experimentation center.

Methods: Use of a prospective questionnaire analyzing demographic data, medical residency, skills, competences, and training in a box trainer and in pigs.

Results: After the training, there was significant improvement in laparoscopic skills according to the residents (before 1.

Correlation between maximum voluntary contraction and endurance measured by digital palpation and manometry: An observational study.

Introduction:: Digital palpation and manometry are methods that can provide information regarding maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and endurance of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM), and a strong correlation between these variables can be expected.

Objective:: To investigate the correlation between MVC and endurance, measured by digital palpation and manometry.

Method:: Forty-two women, with mean age of 58.

Uterine Fibroid Symptom - Quality of Life questionnaire translation and validation into Brazilian Portuguese.

 To translate into Portuguese, culturally adapt and validate the Uterine Fibroid Symptom - Quality of Life (UFS-QoL) questionnaire for Brazilian women with uterine leiomyoma.  Initially, the UFS-QoL questionnaire was translated into Brazilian Portuguese in accordance with international standards, with subsequent cultural, structural, conceptual and semantic adaptations, so that patients were able to properly answer the questionnaire. Fifty patients with uterine leiomyoma and 19 patients without the disease, confirmed by abdominal pelvic examination and/or transvaginal ultrasound, were selected at the outpatient clinics of the Department of Gynecology of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp).

Contraception and family planning at the extreme of reproductive life - climacteric.

Menopause is an endocrine phenomenon characterized by gradual estrogen decline. This is a stage in a woman's life in which contraception is extremely important as the risks associated with pregnancy and childbirth increase, both maternal issues associated with higher incidence of comorbidities and issues related to fetal abnormalities, mitochondrial abnormalities, or genetic syndromes. On the other hand, there is a growing number of women who have postponed motherhood and need effective contraception, but without prolonging the return to fertility.

Reproducibility in pelvic floor biometric parameters of nulliparous women assessed by translabial three-dimensional ultrasound using Omniview reformatting technique.

Aim: To assess the reproducibility of pelvic floor biometric parameters by translabial three-dimensional ultrasound compared with the OmniView® reformatting technique.

Material And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study involving 47 nulliparous women without symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. The hiatal area and right pubovisceral muscle width measurements were performed in the axial plane using both 3D ultrasound in the rendering mode and OmniView® techniques.

Primary Human Uterine Leiomyoma Cell Culture Quality Control: Some Properties of Myometrial Cells Cultured under Serum Deprivation Conditions in the Presence of Ovarian Steroids.

Cell culture is considered the standard media used in research to emulate the in vivo cell environment. Crucial in vivo experiments cannot be conducted in humans and depend on in vitro methodologies such as cell culture systems. However, some procedures involving the quality control of cells in culture have been gradually neglected by failing to acknowledge that primary cells and cell lines change over time in culture.

Candida duobushaemulonii: an emerging rare pathogenic yeast isolated from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in Brazil.

The aim of this study was to identify Candida species isolated from women diagnosed with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) and their partners; and to evaluate the fluconazole (FLZ) susceptibility of the isolates. In a period of six years, among 172 patients diagnosed with vulvovaginal candidiasis, 13 women that presented RVVC and their partners were selected for this investigation. The isolates were obtained using Chromagar Candida medium, the species identification was performed by phenotypic and molecular methods and FLZ susceptibility was evaluated by E-test.

Effectiveness of adding voluntary pelvic floor muscle contraction to a Pilates exercise program: an assessor-masked randomized controlled trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of adding voluntary pelvic floor muscle contraction (PFMC) to a Pilates exercise program in sedentary nulliparous women.

Methods: Fifty-seven healthy nulliparous and physically inactive women were randomized to a Pilates exercise program (PEP) with or without PFMC. Forty-eight women concluded this study (24 participants for each group).

Analysis of Gene Expression in the Endocervical Epithelium of Women With Deep Endometriosis.

Endometriosis affects approximately 12% of reproductive-age women and is currently diagnosed using invasive laparoscopic surgery. Differences in gene expression in the eutopic endometrium between women with and without endometriosis have been reported, and determining the reproducibility of these genetic differences in the endocervical epithelium would represent an important step toward developing novel diagnostic strategies. In this study, we analyzed gene expression in the endocervical epithelium in women with and without moderate or severe endometriosis.

Cathepsin K induces platelet dysfunction and affects cell signaling in breast cancer - molecularly distinct behavior of cathepsin K in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer comprises clinically and molecularly distinct tumor subgroups that differ in cell histology and biology and show divergent clinical phenotypes that impede phase III trials, such as those utilizing cathepsin K inhibitors. Here we correlate the epithelial-mesenchymal-like transition breast cancer cells and cathepsin K secretion with activation and aggregation of platelets. Cathepsin K is up-regulated in cancer cells that proteolyze extracellular matrix and contributes to invasiveness.

Assessment of pelvic floor muscles in women with deep endometriosis.

Purpose: To assess function and prevalence of spasms and trigger points of the pelvic floor muscles in women with deep endometriosis.

Methods: One hundred and four (104) patients were assessed. Group 1 (G1) was composed of 52 subjects diagnosed with deep endometriosis proven by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Group 2 (G2) was composed of 52 women with no signs of endometriosis.

Evaluation of systemic inflammatory responses in cholecystectomy by means of access. Single-port umbilical incision, transvaginal NOTES, laparoscopy and laparotomy.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare clinical and inflammatory responses to the surgical trauma caused by cholecystectomy via several access approaches: single-port umbilical incision (SILS), transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), laparoscopy, and Laparotomy.

Methods: Twenty-eight female pigs were equally divided into four groups and submitted to cholecystectomy by single-port umbilical incision, transvaginal NOTES, laparoscopy, or Laparotomy. An additional five animals served as controls (sham group).

Can Abdominal Hypopressive Technique Change Levator Hiatus Area?: A 3-Dimensional Ultrasound Study.

This study aimed to evaluate the levator hiatus area (LHA) at rest and during the performance of maximal pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contractions, during the abdominal hypopressive technique (AHT), and during the combination of PFM contractions (PFMCs) and the AHT. The study included 17 healthy nulliparous women who had no history of pelvic floor disorders. The LHA was evaluated with the patients in the lithotomy position.

Laparoscopic anatomy of the autonomic nerves of the pelvis and the concept of nerve-sparing surgery by direct visualization of autonomic nerve bundles.

Objective: To demonstrate the laparoscopic neuroanatomy of the autonomic nerves of the pelvis using the laparoscopic neuronavigation technique, as well as the technique for a nerve-sparing radical endometriosis surgery.

Design: Step-by-step explanation of the technique using videos and pictures (educational video) to demonstrate the anatomy of the intrapelvic bundles of the autonomic nerve system innervating the bladder, rectum, and pelvic floor.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

[The role of the symptomatic and asymptomatic sexual partners in the recurrent vulvovaginitis].

Purpose: To identify the predominant species and the role of sexual partners in the maintenance of recurrent vulvovaginitis by Candida spp.

Methods: A prospective study of 830 patients aged 18 to 65 years with yeast vaginitis was performed between August 2007 and March 2012. Patients with diabetes mellitus, AIDS or taking corticosteroids, antibiotics or hormone therapy and immunosuppressed patients, patients using vaginal douches, spermicides or intrauterine devices were excluded from the study.

Vascular entrapment of the sciatic plexus causing catamenial sciatica and urinary symptoms.

Aim Of The Video / Introduction: Pelvic congestion syndrome is a well-known cause of cyclic pelvic pain (Ganeshan et al., Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 30(6):1105-11, 2007). What is much less well known is that dilated or malformed branches of the internal or external iliac vessels can entrap the nerves of the sacral plexus against the pelvic sidewalls, producing symptoms that are not commonly seen in gynecological practice, such as sciatica, or refractory urinary and anorectal dysfunction (Possover et al.

Laparoscopic implantation of neuromodulators for treating urinary dysfunctions and improving locomotion in multiple sclerosis patients.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The laparoscopic implantation of neuromodulation electrodes--the LION procedure--was first described as a rescue procedure in patients with local complications of a Brindley procedure. The objective of this video article is to demonstrate the technique for the laparoscopic implantation of electrodes for bilateral neuromodulation of femoral, sciatic and pudendal nerves and describe our initial experience with two multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.

Method: This is a retrospective analysis of two patients with MS and neurogenic detrusor overactivity.

Recognition and treatment of endometriosis involving the sacral nerve roots.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Endometriosis involving the sacral plexus is still poorly understood or neglected by many surgeons. Looking at that scenario, we have designed this educational video to explain and describe the symptoms suggestive of endometriotic involvement of the sacral plexus in addition to the technique for the laparoscopic treatment of this condition.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 13 consecutive cases of endometriotic entrapment of nerves of the lumbosacral plexus.

Two-years results of native tissue versus vaginal mesh repair in the treatment of anterior prolapse according to different success criteria: A randomized controlled trial.

Aims: To compare efficacy and safety of the traditional colporraphy and transvaginal polypropylene mesh for the treatment of advanced anterior vaginal prolapse according to different success criteria in two-year follow-up.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, women with anterior prolapse stage II or greater, with Ba point ≥ +1 (POP-Q quantification), were randomly assigned to have either anterior colporraphy (n = 43) or transvaginal mesh repair (n = 43). The primary outcome was to compare objective success rate under two success definitions: prolapse stage I (Ba < -1) and stage II (Ba < 0).

Pre-participation gynecological evaluation of female athletes: a new proposal.

Objective: To propose the inclusion of a gynecological investigation during the evaluation of athletes before competitions, using a specific instrument called the Pre-participation Gynecological Examination (PPGE).

Methods: The study assessed 148 athletes, mean age of 15.4±2.

Oestrogen receptor alpha expression in neovaginal tissue of women following modified Abbé-McIndoe technique and in premenopausal women.

The aim of the study was to compare the expression of oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in neovaginal tissue of patients with vaginal agenesis following neovaginoplasty using regenerated, oxidised cellulose in premenopausal women. A prospective, observational case-control study was performed on eight patients with vaginal agenesis following modified Abbé-McIndoe neovaginoplasty and 10 control premenopausal women following benign gynaecologic surgery. 6F11 monoclonal antibody was used to determine ERα expression in the vaginal mucosa.

Ultrasound thickness of bladder wall in continent and incontinent women and its correlation with cystometry.

Objective: To compare bladder wall thickness in two kinds of urinary incontinent women-stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and overactive bladder (OAB) with urodynamic detrusor overactivity (DO), and to compare them with continent patients by ultrasound, also, correlate with cystometric results in incontinent women.

Methods: 91 women were divided into the following groups: continent (n = 31), SUI (n = 30), and DO (n = 30) groups after clinical evaluation and urodynamic test (only in incontinent women). Transvaginal ultrasound was performed to the bladder wall thickness (BWT) measurement.