Decoding the Significance of Alpha Cell Function in the Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes.

Alpha cells in the pancreas, traditionally known for their role in secreting glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels, are gaining recognition for their involvement in the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In T1D, autoimmune destruction of beta cells results in insulin deficiency, which in turn may dysregulate alpha cell function, leading to elevated glucagon levels and impaired glucose homeostasis. This dysfunction is characterized by inappropriate glucagon secretion, augmenting the risk of life-threatening hypoglycemia.