A Novel Natural Penetration Enhancer for Transdermal Drug Delivery: In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation and Penetration Enhancement Mechanism.

: This study aimed to identify and develop a novel, safe, and effective transdermal penetration enhancer derived from the leaves of (L.) Britt, and to explore the underlying mechanisms of its penetration enhancement effects. : To evaluate the safety profile of the penetration enhancer, both skin irritation tests and histopathological analyses were conducted.

Structural insights into hybridoma-derived neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against Omicron BA.5 and XBB.1.16 variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Unlabelled: The emergence of novel variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to pose an ongoing challenge for global public health services, highlighting the urgent need for effective therapeutic interventions. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a major therapeutic strategy for the treatment of COVID-19 and other viral diseases. In this study, we employed hybridoma technology to generate mAbs that target the BA.

4D bioprinting of transformable living constructs with sustained local growth factor presentation for advanced tissue engineering applications.

Traditional tissue engineering strategies focus on geometrically static tissue scaffolds, lacking the dynamic capability found in native tissues. The emerging field of 4D bioprinting offers a promising method to address this challenge. However, the requirement for consistent exogenous supplementation of growth factors (GFs) during tissue maturation poses a significant obstacle for in vivo application of 4D bioprinted constructs.

Tetramethylpyrazine attenuates the cancer stem cell like-properties and doxorubicin resistance by targeting HMGCR in breast cancer.

Background: Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), a key bioactive constituent derived from Ligusticum wallichii Franchat, has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating multidrug resistance (MDR) in human breast cancer (BC) cells. However, the precise mechanisms underlying its action remain poorly understood.

Purpose: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are widely recognized as the primary contributors to MDR.

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and the incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus.

The relationship between air pollution and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains inconclusive. Here, we investigated the associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and incident SLE, based on a cohort of 502,004 participants free of SLE at baseline from UK Biobank. During a median of 13.

Enhancing automatic sleep stage classification with cerebellar EEG and machine learning techniques.

Sleep disorders have become a significant health concern in modern society. To investigate and diagnose sleep disorders, sleep analysis has emerged as the primary research method. Conventional polysomnography primarily relies on cerebral electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) for sleep stage scoring, but manual scoring is time-consuming and subjective.

Supramolecular cyclodextrin-based reservoir as nasal delivery vehicle for rivastigmine to brain.

The purpose of this study involved the synthesis of supramolecular reservoir (i.e. cyclodextrin metal-organic framework, MOF) using cyclodextrins as building blocks, followed by cross-linking to obtain crosslinked CD framework (CDF) using CD-MOF as template and functionalized with borneol (BO) to enhance rivastigmine (RIV) permeation and facilitate brain targeting via intranasal administration.

Berberine in combination with evodiamine ameliorates gastroesophageal reflux disease through TAS2R38/TRPV1-mediated regulation of MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways and macrophage polarization.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition of the digestive tract with limited therapeutic options. Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) are implicated in modulating inflammatory responses. Berberine (BBR) and evodiamine (EVO) are known to activate TAS2Rs and TRPV1, respectively.

Chemiluminescent FeO@Nickel-Cobalt Double Hydroxide Magnetic Core-Shell Nanomaterial as an Analytical Interface for Label-Free CYFRA21-1 Immunosensing.

Cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) is considered to be a potential marker for the diagnosis and of classification of lung cancer. It is highly desired to develop rapid and highly sensitive label-free chemiluminescence (CL) immunosensors for the detection of CYFRA21-1. In this work, magnetic core-shell nanocomposite FeO@nickel-cobalt double hydroxide (FeO@DH) was used for the first time as a carrier to synthesize N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol (ABEI) and gold and silver nanocluster (AuAgNC) bifunctionalized magnetic nanomaterials FeO@DH/AuAgNCs-ABEI.

A platform of functional studies of ESCC-associated gene mutations identifies the roles of TGFBR2 in ESCC progression and metastasis.

Genomics studies have detected numerous genetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the functions of these mutations largely remain elusive, partially due to a lack of feasible animal models. Here, we report a convenient platform with CRISPR-Cas9-mediated introduction of genetic alterations and orthotopic transplantation to generate a series of primary ESCC models in mice.

Efficient Strategy for Synthesizing Vector-Free and Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Type 1 Viruses.

Synthesizing viral genomes plays an important role in fundamental virology research and in the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a large DNA virus widely used in oncolytic virotherapy. Although synthesis of the HSV-1 genome has been previously reported, the synthetic procedure is still far from efficient, and the synthesized genome contains a vector sequence that may affect its replication and application.

Combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and mesenchymal stem cell therapy to treat toxoplasmic encephalitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report.

Toxoplasmosis, caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is a life-threatening infection that may occur following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) is one of the most severe manifestations of this infection and often results in unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes, especially regarding neurological damage. Recent studies have demonstrated that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) can significantly aid in neural repair and remodeling.

Gut microbiota and risk of ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective: Observational studies have established a connection between gut microbiota and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) risk; however, whether the observed associations are causal remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the potential causal associations of gut microbiota with AS risk.

Methods: Instrumental variants of gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium (n = 18,340) and the Dutch Microbiome Project (n = 7738).

BaP/BPDE suppresses homologous recombination repair in human trophoblast cells to induce miscarriage: The roles of lnc-HZ08.

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) or benzo (a) pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) exposure causes trophoblast cell dysfunctions and induces miscarriage, which is generally epigenetically regulated. Homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double strand break (DSB) plays a crucial role in maintenance of genetic stability and cell normal functions. However, whether BaP/BPDE might suppress HR repair in human trophoblast cells to induce miscarriage, as well as its epigenetic regulatory mechanism, is largely unclear.

Roles of micro-alloyed Y and Gd in improving the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of pure Mg.

The microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of extruded pure Mg, Mg-2Y and Mg-2Gd were studied by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), scanning probe microscope (SPM), immersion test, electrochemical test and tensile test. The results demonstrated that Mg-2Y and Mg-2Gd were composed of Mg, MgY, and MgGd phases with the addition of Y and Gd. The addition of Y and Gd to pure Mg noticeably reduced the grain size and textural strength of the alloy.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pathology and cell tropism in tongue tissues of COVID-19 autopsies.

Since 2019, Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) has affected millions of people worldwide. Except for acute respiratory distress syndrome, dysgeusis is also a common symptom of COVID-19 that burdens patients for weeks or permanently. However, the mechanisms underlying taste dysfunctions remain unclear.

Ultrafine IrMnO Nanocluster Decorated Amorphous PdS Nanowires as Efficient Electrocatalysts for High C1 Selectivity in the Alkaline Ethanol Oxidation Reaction.

As a novel electrochemical energy conversion device, direct ethanol fuel cells are currently encountering two significant challenges: CO poisoning and the difficulty of C-C bond cleavage in ethanol. In this work, an amorphous PdS nanowires/ultrafine IrMnO bimetallic oxides (denoted as a-PdS/IrMnO NWs) catalyst with abundant oxide/metal (crystalline/amorphous) inverse heterogeneous interfaces was synthesized via a hydrothermal process succeeded by a nonthermal air-plasma treatment. This unique interfacial electronic structure along with the incorporation of oxyphilic metal has resulted in a significant enhancement in the electrocatalytic performance of a-PdS/IrMnO NWs toward the ethanol oxidation reaction, achieving current densities of 12.

Ultrasensitive PD-L1-Expressing Exosome Immunosensors Based on a Chemiluminescent Nickel-Cobalt Hydroxide Nanoflower for Diagnosis and Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)-expressing exosomes are considered a potential marker for diagnosis and classification of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). There is an urgent need to develop highly sensitive and accurate chemiluminescence (CL) immunosensors for the detection of PD-L1-expressing exosomes. Herein, N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisopropanol-functionalized nickel-cobalt hydroxide (NiCo-DH-AA) with a hollow nanoflower structure as a highly efficient CL nanoprobe was synthesized using gold nanoparticles as a "bridge".

A Novel Drug Candidate for Sepsis Targeting Heparanase by Inhibiting Cytokine Storm.

Sepsis is an infection-triggered, rapidly progressive systemic inflammatory syndrome with a high mortality rate. Currently, there are no promising therapeutic strategies for managing this disease in the clinic. Heparanase plays a crucial role in the pathology of sepsis, and its inhibition can significantly relieve related symptoms.

Enhanced Stability and Solidification of Volatile Eugenol by Cyclodextrin-Metal Organic Framework for Nasal Powder Delivery.

Eugenol (Eug) holds potential as a treatment for bacterial rhinosinusitis by nasal powder drug delivery. To stabilization and solidification of volatile Eug, herein, nasal inhalable γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (γ-CD-MOF) was investigated as a carrier by gas-solid adsorption method. The results showed that the particle size of Eug loaded by γ-CD-MOF (Eug@γ-CD-MOF) distributed in the range of 10-150 μm well.

AcMNPV P74 is cleaved at R325 and R334 by proteinases of both OB and BBMV to expose a potential fusion peptide for oral infection.

Unlabelled: Baculoviruses enter insect midgut epithelial cells via a set of occlusion-derived virion (ODV) envelope proteins called infectivity factors (PIFs). P74 of Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), which was the first identified PIF, is cleaved by an endogenous proteinase embedded within the occlusion body during infection, but the target site(s) and function of the cleavage have not yet been ascertained. Here, based on bioinformatics analyses, we report that cleavage was predicted at an arginine and lysine-rich region in the middle of P74.

Environmental BaP/BPDE suppressed trophoblast cell invasion/migration and induced miscarriage by down-regulating lnc-HZ01/MEST/VIM axis.

Environmental benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and itsmetabolite benzo(a)pyrene-7, 8-dihydrodiol-9, 10-epoxide (BPDE), classic endocrine disrupting chemical and persistent organic pollutant, could cause miscarriage. However, the detailed mechanisms are still largely unclear and should be further explored. In this study, we discovered that exposure of trophoblast cells with BPDE could suppressed cell invasion/migration by inhibiting MEST/VIM (Vimentin) pathway.