Optimization and Validation of a Multiresidue Method for Screening of 126 Pesticide Residues in Herbal Raw Materials and Extracts Used as Ingredients in Ayurvedic Medicines and Dietary Supplements.

Background: Testing for pesticide levels in herbal products is an important aspect in determining product safety. Plants and their extracts are widely used as ingredients in botanical dietary supplements and traditional medicines. The extracts of plants, especially those prepared out of organic solvents, are rich in secondary metabolites and pigments, and adequate clean-up is required since the extracts completely dissolve in organic solvents.

Implications of environmental toxicants on ovarian follicles: how it can adversely affect the female fertility?

The pool of primordial follicles formed in the ovaries during early development determines the span and quality of fertility in the reproductive life of a woman. As exposure to occupational and environmental toxicants (ETs) has become inevitable, consequences on female fertility need to be established. This review focuses on the ETs, especially well-studied prototypes of the classes endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), heavy metals, agrochemicals, cigarette smoke, certain chemicals used in plastic, cosmetic and sanitary product industries etc that adversely affect the female fertility.

Characterization of the Phenolic Compound, Gallic Acid from Schult and Schult. f. Rhizomes and Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities Evaluation.

Background: Schult. and Schult. f.

Bulbophyllum sterile petroleum ether fraction induces apoptosis in vitro and ameliorates tumor progression in vivo.

Orchids of the genus Bulbophyllum have been reported to possess antitumor activity. Present study investigated the possible antitumor activity of the active fraction of bulb and root of Bulbophyllum sterile. Alcoholic extract along with petroleum ether, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions were subjected to SRB assay in HCT-116, MDA-MB-231 and A549 cell lines.

Ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves protect the pre-pubertal spermatogonial cells from cyclophosphamide-induced damage.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Moringa oleifera Lam. is widely cultivated in Asian and African countries for its medicinal and dietary significance. The leaves are highly nutritious and are known to possess various biological activities.

Assessment of the in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo anti-tumor activity of the alcoholic stem bark extract/fractions of Mimusops elengi Linn.

Various parts of Mimusops elengi Linn. (Sapotaceae) have been used widely in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of pain, inflammation and wounds. The study was conducted to explore the use of stem bark of M.

Preliminary evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity of Premna herbacea Roxb. in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model and Dalton's lymphoma ascites model.

In the present study, the root nodules of Premna herbacea Roxb. (PH) was investigated for its in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity. Two extracts, aqueous and alcoholic; two fractions of alcoholic extract, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay, trypan blue exclusion assay and MTT assay.

Bioactive caffeic acid esters from Glycyrrhiza glabra.

Thin layer chromatography bioautography (using DPPH spray reagent) guided fractionation of Glycyrrhiza glabra led to the isolation of two caffeic acid derivative esters, viz. eicosanyl caffeate (1) and docosyl caffeate (2). The two compounds exhibited potent elastase inhibitory activity, with IC(50) values of 0.

Effect of lupeol isolated from Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham. stem bark extract against free radical induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Lupeol, isolated from Crataeva nurvala stem bark in doses 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight, po, for 10 days, decreased the concentration of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and lipid peroxidation and increased glutathione and catalase activities in cisplatin (5 mg/kg body weight, ip) induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The increased glutathione and catalase activities are indicative of antioxidant properties of lupeol.