Boosted Meat Flavor by the Metabolomic Effects of Nile Tilapia Dietary Inclusion of Larval Meal.

Background: larval meal (ZLM) is a high-quality feed supplement with potential activities that can improve fish growth performance and promote meat quality. However, there have been limited recent studies investigating the metabolic effects of ZLM. Therefore, this study aims to uncover the metabolomic mechanism through which ZLM improves tilapia meat flavor using metabolomic strategies.

Exogenous NADH promotes the bactericidal effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics against .

The global surge in multidrug-resistant bacteria owing to antibiotic misuse and overuse poses considerable risks to human and animal health. With existing antibiotics losing their effectiveness and the protracted process of developing new antibiotics, urgent alternatives are imperative to curb disease spread. Notably, improving the bactericidal effect of antibiotics by using non-antibiotic substances has emerged as a viable strategy.

Succinate and inosine coordinate innate immune response to bacterial infection.

Macrophages restrict bacterial infection partly by stimulating phagocytosis and partly by stimulating release of cytokines and complement components. Here, we treat macrophages with LPS and a bacterial pathogen, and demonstrate that expression of cytokine IL-1β and bacterial phagocytosis increase to a transient peak 8 to 12 h post-treatment, while expression of complement component 3 (C3) continues to rise for 24 h post-treatment. Metabolomic analysis suggests a correlation between the cellular concentrations of succinate and IL-1β and of inosine and C3.

Metabolomic Effects of the Dietary Inclusion of Larva Meal in Tilapia.

Black soldier fly () larvae meal have been used as feed protein supplements in fish feed, but few researches have investigated the metabolomic effects of larvae meal supplements. Therefore, the metabolic effects on Nile tilapia were investigated by replacing 5%, 10%, and 20% of the dietary soybean meal in the basal diet with larvae meal, respectively. This study shows that 20% larvae meal feed could promote tilapia average daily gain of upto 5.

Genome Sequencing of by a Combination of PacBio RS II and Next-Generation Sequencing Platforms.

The fruiting bodies or mycelia of () contain many physiologically active compounds that are used to treat various diseases, including cardiovascular disorders and cancers. However, the genome of has not been sequenced, which hinders further investigations into aspects, such as bioactivity or evolutionary events. The present study is aimed at (i) performing sequencing of the assembled genome; (ii) mapping the reads from PE400 DNA into the assembled genome; (iii) identifying the full length of all the repeated sequences; and (iv) annotating protein-coding genes using GO, eggNOG, and KEGG databases.

Glutamine promotes antibiotic uptake to kill multidrug-resistant uropathogenic bacteria.

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has been increasing rapidly worldwide, a trend that poses great risk to human and animal health and creates urgent need for pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical approaches to stop the spread of disease due to antimicrobial resistance. Here, we found that alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism was inactivated, and glutamine was repressed in multidrug-resistant uropathogenic using a comparative metabolomics approach. Exogenous glutamine promoted β-lactam–, aminoglycoside-, quinolone-, and tetracycline-induced killing of uropathogenic and potentiated ampicillin to eliminate multidrug-resistant , , , , , and .

-Inositol Restores Tilapia's Ability Against Infection by in Higher Water Temperature.

Bacterial infection presents severe challenge to tilapia farming, which is largely influenced by water temperature. However, how water temperature determines tilapias' survival to infection is not well understood. Here, we address this issue from the perspective of metabolic state.

Serine Metabolism Tunes Immune Responses To Promote Survival upon Infection.

Overactive immune response is a critical factor triggering host death upon bacterial infection. However, the mechanism behind the regulation of excessive immune responses is still largely unknown, and the corresponding control and preventive measures are still to be explored. In this study, we find that Nile tilapia, , that died from Edwardsiella tarda infection had higher levels of immune responses than those that survived.

Metabolomics study reveals the potential evidence of metabolic reprogramming towards the Warburg effect in precancerous lesions.

Most tumors have an enhanced glycolysis flux, even when oxygen is available, called the aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect. Metabolic reprogramming promotes cancer progression, and is even related to the tumorigenesis. However, it is not clear whether the observed metabolic changes act as a driver or a bystander in cancer development.

Reduced ROS-mediated antibiotic resistance and its reverting by glucose in Vibrio alginolyticus.

Antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus poses a big challenge to human health and food safety. It is urgently needed to understand the mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance to develop effective approaches for the control. Here we explored the metabolic difference between gentamicin-resistant V.

Malate enhances survival of zebrafish against infection in the same manner as taurine.

Development of low-cost and eco-friendly approaches to fight bacterial pathogens is especially needed in aquaculture. We previously showed that exogenous malate reprograms zebrafish's metabolome to potentiate zebrafish survival against infection. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown.

Metabolic modulation of redox state confounds fish survival against Vibrio alginolyticus infection.

Vibrio alginolyticus threatens both humans and marine animals, but hosts respond to V. alginolyticus infection is not fully understood. Here, functional metabolomics was adopted to investigate the metabolic differences between the dying and surviving zebrafish upon V.

NaCl promotes antibiotic resistance by reducing redox states in Vibrio alginolyticus.

The development of antibiotic resistance in Vibrio alginolyticus represents a threat to human health and fish farming. Environmental NaCl regulation of bacterial physiology is well documented, but whether the regulation contributes to antibiotic resistance remains unknown. To explore this, we compared minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of V.

Differential Antibody Responses to Outer Membrane Proteins Contribute to Differential Immune Protections between Live and Inactivated Vibrio parahemolyticus.

It is widely accepted that live vaccines elicit higher immune protection than inactivated vaccines. However, the mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, an array with 64 recombinant outer membrane proteins of Vibrio parahemolyticus was developed to explore antibody responses of live and inactivated V.

Neuroglobin Regulates Wnt/β-Catenin and NFκB Signaling Pathway through Dvl1.

Neuroglobin is an endogenous neuroprotective protein, but the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Our previous yeast two-hybrid screening study identified that Dishevelled-1, a key hub protein of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling, is an interaction partner of Neuroglobin. In this study, we further examined the role of Neuroglobin in regulating Dishevelled-1 and the downstream Wnt/β-Catenin and NFκB signaling pathway.

The depressed central carbon and energy metabolisms is associated to the acquisition of levofloxacin resistance in Vibrio alginolyticus.

Unlabelled: The overuse and misuse of antibiotics lead to bacterial antibiotic resistance, challenging human health and intensive cultivation. It is especially required to understand for the mechanism of antibiotic resistance to control antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The present study characterized the differential proteome of levofloxacin-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus with the most advanced iTRAQ quantitative proteomics technology.

Pyruvate cycle increases aminoglycoside efficacy and provides respiratory energy in bacteria.

The emergence and ongoing spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria puts humans and other species at risk for potentially lethal infections. Thus, novel antibiotics or alternative approaches are needed to target drug-resistant bacteria, and metabolic modulation has been documented to improve antibiotic efficacy, but the relevant metabolic mechanisms require more studies. Here, we show that glutamate potentiates aminoglycoside antibiotics, resulting in improved elimination of antibiotic-resistant pathogens.

Boosted TCA cycle enhances survival of zebrafish to Vibrio alginolyticus infection.

Vibrio alginolyticus is a waterborne pathogen that infects a wide variety of hosts including fish and human, and the outbreak of this pathogen can cause a huge economic loss in aquaculture. Thus, enhancing host's capability to survive from V. alginolyticus infection is key to fighting infection and this remains still unexplored.

Tunes Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle to Evade Complement-Mediated Killing.

Evasion of complement-mediated killing is a common phenotype for many different types of pathogens, but the mechanism is still poorly understood. Most of the clinic isolates of , an important pathogen infecting both of human and fish, are commonly found serum-resistant. To explore the potential mechanisms, we applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics approaches to profile the metabolomes of EIB202 in the presence or absence of serum stress.

Polyvalent protective immunogens identified from outer membrane proteins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and their induced innate immune response.

Vaccines are the most economic, efficient and environment-friendly agents in protecting host against bacterial infection. In aquaculture, polyvalent vaccines targeting more than one bacterial specie are highly demanded due to the presence of various types of bacterial pathogens in farming environment. Here eighteen genes encoding outer membrane proteins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were cloned and expressed.

The complete mitochondrial genome of (Hericiaceae, Basidiomycota).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of the medicinal mushroom (Hericiaceae, Basidiomycota) was sequenced. This mitochondrial genome is 72,961 bp in length and consisted of 14 protein-coding genes, 21 hypothetical open reading frames, 2 ribosomal RNA subunits and 27 transfer RNAs. The overall nucleotide composition of is 41.

Metabolic Mechanism for l-Leucine-Induced Metabolome To Eliminate Streptococcus iniae.

Crucial metabolites that modulate hosts' metabolome to eliminate bacterial pathogens have been documented, but the metabolic mechanisms are largely unknown. The present study explores the metabolic mechanism for l-leucine-induced metabolome to eliminate Streptococcus iniae in tilapia. GC-MS-based metabolomics was used to investigate the tilapia liver metabolic profile in the presence of exogenous l-leucine.

Outer Membrane Proteins form Specific Patterns in Antibiotic-Resistant .

Outer membrane proteins of Gram-negative bacteria play key roles in antibiotic resistance. However, it is unknown whether outer membrane proteins that respond to antibiotics behave in a specific manner. The present study specifically investigated the differentially expressed outer membrane proteins of an antibiotic-resistant bacterium, , a Gram-negative pathogen that can lead to unnecessary mass medication of antimicrobials and consequently resistance development in aquaculture and a spectrum of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases in humans.

TNFAIP1 contributes to the neurotoxicity induced by Aβ25-35 in Neuro2a cells.

Background: Amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that can lead to neuronal dysfunction and apoptosis. Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 1 (TNFAIP1) is an apoptotic protein that was robustly induced in the transgenic C. elegans AD brains.

Live Edwardsiella tarda vaccine enhances innate immunity by metabolic modulation in zebrafish.

Control of bacterial infection resides in the core of human health and sustainable animal breeding. Vaccines as an economic and efficient immunoprophylaxis have been widely accepted, but mechanisms for vaccines do not fully understand. Information regarding to metabolome in response to vaccines is not available.