The Management of Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum (Green-top Guideline No. 69).

An objective and validated index of nausea and vomiting such as the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) and HyperEmesis Level Prediction (HELP) tools can be used to classify the severity of NVP and HG. [Grade C] Ketonuria is not an indicator of dehydration and should not be used to assess severity. [Grade A] There are safety and efficacy data for first line antiemetics such as anti (H1) histamines, phenothiazines and doxylamine/pyridoxine (Xonvea®) and they should be prescribed initially when required for NVP and HG (Appendix III).

Ondansetron and metoclopramide as second-line antiemetics in women with nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: the EMPOWER pilot factorial RCT.

Background: Around one-third of pregnant women suffer from moderate to severe nausea and vomiting, causing physical and emotional distress and reducing their quality of life. There is no cure for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Management focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing morbidity, and often requires antiemetic therapy.

Uterine fibroids: current perspectives.

Uterine fibroids are a major cause of morbidity in women of a reproductive age (and sometimes even after menopause). There are several factors that are attributed to underlie the development and incidence of these common tumors, but this further corroborates their relatively unknown etiology. The most likely presentation of fibroids is by their effect on the woman's menstrual cycle or pelvic pressure symptoms.

LNG-IUS versus oral progestogen treatment for endometrial hyperplasia: a long-term comparative cohort study.

Study Question: What are the regression and hysterectomy rates for women treated with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) compared with oral progestogens for endometrial hyperplasia (EH)?

Summary Answer: The LNG-IUS achieves higher regression and lower hysterectomy rates than oral progestogens in the treatment of complex and atypical hyperplasia.

What Is Known Already: The LNG-IUS and oral progestogens are both equally used to treat women with EH. There is uncertainty about whether the LNG-IUS is a better therapy for EH.

Relapse of endometrial hyperplasia after conservative treatment: a cohort study with long-term follow-up.

Study Question: What is the risk of relapse for women with endometrial hyperplasia treated with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) or oral progestogens?

Summary Answer: Relapse of complex endometrial hyperplasia after initial regression occurs often and it occurs less often in women treated with LNG-IUS than with oral progestogens.

What Is Known Already: The LNG-IUS and oral progestogens are used to treat women with endometrial hyperplasia and achieve regression. There is uncertainty over whether further surveillance for these women is necessary as the risk for relapse is unknown.

Predicting success in graduate entry medical students undertaking a graduate entry medical program.

Background: Success in undergraduate medical courses in the UK can be predicted by school exit examination (A level) grades. There are no documented predictors of success in UK graduate entry medicine (GEM) courses. This study looks at the examination performance of GEM students to identify factors which may predict success; of particular interest was A level score.

Position in the second stage of labour for women without epidural anaesthesia.

Background: For centuries, there has been controversy around whether being upright (sitting, birthing stools, chairs, squatting, kneeling) or lying down have advantages for women delivering their babies.

Objectives: To assess the benefits and risks of the use of different positions during the second stage of labour (i.e.

Oral progestogens vs levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for endometrial hyperplasia: a systematic review and metaanalysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and metaanalysis of studies evaluating the regression rate of endometrial hyperplasia with oral progestogens and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system.

Study Design: Searches were conducted on Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, and reference lists of relevant articles were examined. The methodologic index for nonrandomized studies was used for quality assessment.

Comparing the performance of graduate-entry and school-leaver medical students.

Objectives: Between 2000 and 2006 Leicester-Warwick Medical Schools (LWMS) provided parallel courses for graduate and school-leaver entrants into medicine. The parallel courses were based upon a single curriculum with ;identical teaching programmes and assessment methods over the two sites (Warwick and Leicester). Warwick runs the curriculum over an accelerated 4-year period for its graduate-entry students.