Spectrum of histopathological changes and its quantification using a scoring system in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of histopathological and histomorphometric features in oesophageal biopsy of patients presenting with symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

Material And Methods: Present study included 42 patients and 12 controls. Complete clinical evaluation followed by endoscopic examination of the patients was done and multipleoesophageal biopsies were taken.

Role of Immunohistochemistry and serology in subclassifying the Inflammatory Bowel Disease cases diagnosed as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases---unclassified on colonic biopsies.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) mainly consist of Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). These two categories have overlapping histopathological features and sometimes it is difficult to diagnose them into distinct category and such biopsies are categorised as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD-U). Recently, there has been an increase in interest to discover new biomarkers of IBD to differentiate UC and CD and predict their prognosis.

Comparative Study of Sofa, Apache Ii, Saps Ii, as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients of Sepsis Admitted in Medical ICU.

Unlabelled: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction with high mortality and morbidity. Various mortality prediction scores are currently in use for prediction of mortality. Although combination of various scores have not been used before.

Study of change in contrast sensitivity in relation to depth of ablation after wavefront optimized myopic laser-assisted keratomileusis.

Purpose: The aim of this work was to study the change in contrast sensitivity (CS) in relation to depth of stromal ablation after wavefront-optimized (WFO) myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Methods: This was as prospective, longitudinal, comparative study. The study participants were divided into two groups: Group 1 ≤50 μ ablation depth; 60 eyes and group 2 >50 μ ablation depth; 60 eyes.

Colitis and Crohn's Foundation (India) consensus statements on use of 5-aminosalicylic acid in inflammatory bowel disease.

Despite several recent advances in therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) therapy has retained its place especially in ulcerative colitis. This consensus on 5-ASA is obtained through a modified Delphi process, and includes guiding statements and recommendations based on literature evidence (randomized trials, and observational studies), clinical practice, and expert opinion on use of 5-ASA in IBD by Indian gastroenterologists. The aim is to aid practitioners in selecting appropriate treatment strategies and facilitate optimal use of 5-ASA in patients with IBD.

Correction to: Diet and inflammatory bowel disease: The Asian Working Group guidelines.

The recommendations 31 which recommend "VSL#3®", refer only to the product used in the cited literature and equivalent products independent from the present product labelings. This product is now known by the generic name "De Simone Formulation".

Diet and inflammatory bowel disease: The Asian Working Group guidelines.

Introduction: These Asian Working Group guidelines on diet in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) present a multidisciplinary focus on clinical nutrition in IBD in Asian countries.

Methodology: The guidelines are based on evidence from existing published literature; however, if objective data were lacking or inconclusive, expert opinion was considered. The conclusions and 38 recommendations have been subject to full peer review and a Delphi process in which uniformly positive responses (agree or strongly agree) were required.

Differentially localized survivin and STAT3 as markers of gastric cancer progression: Association with Helicobacter pylori.

Background: Localization and differential expression of STAT3 and survivin in cancer cells are often related to distinct cellular functions. The involvement of survivin and STAT3 in gastric cancer has been reported in separate studies but without clear understanding of their kinetics in cancer progression.

Methods: We examined intracellular distribution of STAT3 and survivin in gastric adenocarcinoma and compared it with normal and precancer tissues using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry.

Role of opioids as coinduction agent with propofol and their effect on apnea time, recovery time, and sedation score.

Background: Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is a supraglottic device which requires lesser depth of anaesthesia, evokes lesser hemodynamic response and causes lesser stimulation of airway as compared to traditional definitive airway device endotracheal tube. Its placement is possible without muscle relaxants thereby allowing maintenance of anaesthesia on spontaneous respiration thus preventing apnoea or minimizing apnoea time. Propofol, the commonly used induction agent, causes cardiorespiratory depression at higher induction doses.

Levels of interleukins 2, 6, 8, and 10 in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was previously considered as a psychosomatic disorder. But recent studies indicate that inflammation plays a significant role. The present study was undertaken to evaluate role of pro-inflammatory (IL 2, IL 6 and IL 8) and anti-inflammatory (IL 10) cytokines in clinically diagnosed patients of IBS.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Bronchial Asthma: Are They Associated in Indian Population?

Introduction: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), a common gastrointestinal (GI) disorder has been linked with asthma implying a clue to its pathophysiology as being some form of allergic response. Previous studies from other parts of the world have shown both the presence as well as an absence of an association between them.

Aim: We conducted a cross-sectional study to find an association between IBS and asthma, in an Indian cohort.

Vitamin D status in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and their relatives-A case control study from North India.

Background And Aim: Liver diseases interfere with the production of the metabolites of vitamin D required for activation, thus resulting in abnormal calcium and bone metabolism. Previous studies show inconsistent results of vitamin D level in non-cholestatic liver diseases. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in cirrhosis as compared to apparently normal relatives and its relationship with etiology and severity.

Expression of Alpha Methylacyl CoA Racemase (AMACR) in Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Its Correlation with Infection.

Introduction: Gastric cancer develops in a multistep progression and is determined by genetic and environmental factors. Over-expression of Alpha Methylacyl CoA Racemase (AMACR) is useful in diagnosis of prostate cancer. There is plenty of genetic alteration that occurs in gastric adenocarcinoma.

What happens to the hemodynamic responses for laryngeal mask airway insertion when we supplement propofol with butorphanol or fentanyl for induction of anesthesia: A comparative assessment and critical review.

Background: There is a delicate balance between respiratory tract anatomy, its physiology, physiological response to anesthetic agents, and airway management. The traditional gadgets to secure airway are face masks or endotracheal tubes. Recently, laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is gaining popularity.

Berberine and Curcumin Target Survivin and STAT3 in Gastric Cancer Cells and Synergize Actions of Standard Chemotherapeutic 5-Fluorouracil.

Aberrantly expressed survivin and STAT3 signaling have emerged as major determinants of chemoresistance in gastric cancer. We evaluated effects of potent herbal derivatives curcumin, berberine, and quercetin on STAT3 signaling, survivin expression, and response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment in gastric cancer cells (AGS). Cytotoxic and inhibitory effects of berberine, curcumin, and quercetin alone or in combination with 5-FU were examined by MTT assay, and their effect on survivin, STAT3, and the phosphorylated active STAT3 (pSTAT3) expression was examined by western blotting.

Efficacy and safety of drotaverine hydrochloride in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Backgrounds/aims: To study the efficacy and safety of drotaverine hydrochloride (HCl) 80 mg tablet given thrice a day in the symptomatic relief of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Patients And Methods: The study was a multicentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study performed at three centers. The patients who fulfilled Rome II Criteria of IBS were included in the study.

Helicobacter pylori infection and a P53 codon 72 single nucleotide polymorphism: a reason for an unexplained Asian enigma.

Aim: P53, the most commonly mutated tumor suppressor gene in all types of human cancer, is involved in cell cycle arrest and control of apoptosis. Although p53 contains several polymorphic sites, the codon 72 polymorphism is by far more common. There are divergent reports but many studies suggest p53 pro/pro SNP may be associated with susceptibility to developing various cancers in different regions of the world.

A comparative evaluation of scoring systems for assessing necro-inflammatory activity and fibrosis in liver biopsies of patients with chronic viral hepatitis.

Introduction: To compare the five scoring systems in assessing grading and staging of liver biopsies from patients with chronic viral hepatitis and their problems and pitfalls.

Materials And Methods: Liver biopsies from 25 patients with chronic viral hepatitis were studied. Sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin, Reticulin and Masson's Trichrome stains.

Effect of rifaximin, probiotics, and l-ornithine l-aspartate on minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background/aims: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) implies subtle impairment of cognitive functions in the absence of features of overt encephalopathy. We aimed to determine the prevalence of MHE in patients with liver cirrhosis and to find out the effect of rifaximin, probiotics, and l-ornithine l-aspartate (LOLA) individually in reversal of MHE by comparing it with placebo group.

Patients And Methods: This study was carried out in two phases.

Carcinogenic Helicobacter pylori in gastric pre-cancer and cancer lesions: association with tobacco-chewing.

Aim: To investigate the low gastric cancer incidence rate relative to the highly prevalent Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection; data relevant to H. pylori infection during gastric carcinogenesis in Indian patients is currently lacking.

Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: Indian enigma.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram negative microaerophilic bacterium which resides in the mucous linings of the stomach. It has been implicated in the causation of various gastric disorders including gastric cancer.