Global Perspective on COVID-19 Therapies, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Implications for Long COVID: A State-of-the-Art Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many therapies, of which many are repurposed and used for other diseases in the last decade such in Influenza and Ebola. We intend to provide a robust foundation for cardiovascular outcomes of the therapies to better understand the rationale for the clinical trials that were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to gain more clarity on the steps moving forward should the repurposing provide clinical benefit in pandemic situations. With this state-of-the-art review, we aim to improve the understanding of the cardiovascular involvement of the therapies prior to, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic to provide meaningful findings to the cardiovascular specialists and clinical trials for therapies, moving on from the period of pandemic urgency.

Genome size data for eight endemic plant species from the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (Western Himalaya).

The Himalaya harbors a large number of plant endemics but information on their genome size is largely lacking. This study aims to fulfill this gap by reporting genome sizes for 8 endemic Himalayan plant species ( Pusalkar, DC., Wall.

Hydropower: A low-hanging sour-sweet energy option for India.

India is the world's second largest populous nation, fifth largest economy with seventh largest geographical area but experiences high energy poverty. With the lowest per capita energy consumption among world's top ten economies, India ranks at 137 out of 218 nations. Hydropower has the potential to alleviate India's energy asymmetry as well as realize its sustainable growth aspiration of a low-carbon regime.

Analysis of neuroendocrine factors in response to conditional stress in zebrafish Danio rerio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae).

Challenges in the aquatic environment disrupt the homeostasis mechanisms of many teleost fishes. Induction of stress affects the circulating levels of catecholamine and has an impact on development and reproduction. It is not known how osmotic and hypoxic stress could affect the catecholamine and serotonin levels in zebrafish despite its well-known action in the vertebrate brain.

Comparison between Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Mixed with Water and Water-based Gel Regarding Shear Bond Strength with Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite.

Aim And Objective: To compare between mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with water and water-based gel regarding shear bond strength with resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and composite.

Methods And Materials: In this study, 40 blocks of cylindrical shape were prepared with acrylic. These blocks were divided into four groups with each group consisting of 10 blocks: group-1A: MTA + distilled water + composite, group-1B: MTA + distilled water + RMGIC, group-2A: MTA + polymer + composite, and group-2B: RMGIC + MTA + polymer.

Comparison of Canal Transportation in TruNatomy, ProTaper Gold, and Hyflex Electric Discharge Machining File Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography.

Aim: This study was carried out to compare canal transportation in three new rotary file systems, namely TruNatomy, ProTaper Gold, and Hyflex Electric Discharge Machining file system, using cone-beam computed tomography.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on 105 extracted teeth consisting of 60 extracted mandibular first molars and 45 mandibular second premolars involving the mesiolingual canal of mandibular first molar and the root canal of second premolar. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 35 out of which each group consisted of 20 mandibular first molars and 15 mandibular second premolars.

Treatment of periodontal disease using xanthan based chlorhexidine gel.

People of all ages are suffering from periodontal disease. It causes indirect damage in the oral cavity. It is of interest to evaluate the efficacy of xanthan-based chlorhexidine gel (Xan-CHX) in patients with mild-severe chronic periodontitis.

Geophysical upheavals and evolutionary diversification of plant species in the Himalaya.

The Himalaya is one of the youngest and the loftiest mountain chains of the world; it is also referred to as the water tower of Asia. The Himalayan region harbors nearly 10,000 plant species constituting approximately 2.5% of the global angiosperm diversity of which over 4,000 are endemics.

Novel HDAC8 inhibitors: A multi-computational approach.

Abnormal HDAC function triggers irregular gene transcription that hampers the essential cellular activities leading to tumour activation and progression. HDAC inhibition has, therefore, been reported as a potential target for cancer treatment. In the present study, a sequential computational framework was carried out to discover newer lead compounds, namely HDAC8 inhibitors for cancer therapy.

Anal Canal Gas Gangrene in Aplastic Anaemia: Rare yet Lethal Entity - A Caveat.

Gas gangrene is one of the most serious infections of traumatic and surgical wounds. The importance lies in the fact that, if not managed at the right time, the condition is fatal. Though perianal cellulitis and gangrene are commonly reported in immunocompromised patients, we report the case of a patient with gas gangrene involving only the anal canal extending to the rectum, a rare presentation to be reported in literature.

Elevational plant species richness patterns and their drivers across non-endemics, endemics and growth forms in the Eastern Himalaya.

Despite decades of research, ecologists continue to debate how spatial patterns of species richness arise across elevational gradients on the Earth. The equivocal results of these studies could emanate from variations in study design, sampling effort and data analysis. In this study, we demonstrate that the richness patterns of 2,781 (2,197 non-endemic and 584 endemic) angiosperm species along an elevational gradient of 300-5,300 m in the Eastern Himalaya are hump-shaped, spatial scale of extent (the proportion of elevational gradient studied) dependent and growth form specific.

Mini Totally Extra-Peritoneal Repair of Inguinal Hernia with All 5 mm Ports: An Innovative "555 Technique".

Background: Totally extra-peritoneal (TEP) repair of inguinal hernia is now a standard surgical technique. A 12 mm incision in infra-umbilical region for Hasson trocar is must for TEP repair of inguinal hernia. This is the only technique known to laparoscopic surgeons.

Isolated Proximal Fibular Stress Fracture In Osteoarthritis Knee Presenting As L5 Radiculopathy.

Introduction: Isolated proximal fibular stress fractures are rare and usually seen only in athletes and military recruits. Its occurrence with osteoarthritis of the knee is not documented. Diagnosis of stress fractures is not difficult, but they can mimic other pathologies at times.

Assessing Potential Conservation and Restoration Areas of Freshwater Fish Fauna in the Indian River Basins.

Conservation efforts globally are skewed toward terrestrial ecosystems. To date, conservation of aquatic ecosystems, in particular fish fauna, is largely neglected. We provide a country-wide assessment of Indian river ecosystems in order to identify and prioritize areas for protection and restoration of freshwater fish fauna.

Biomolecular inflammatory response to surgical energy usage in laparoscopic surgery: results of a randomized study.

Objective: Use of surgical energy is integral to laparoscopic surgery (LS). Energized dissection (ED) has a potential to impact the biomolecular expression of inflammation due to ED-induced collateral inflammation. We did this triple-blind randomized controlled (RCT) study to assess this biomolecular footprint in an index LS, i.

Case report of visual hallucinations in anxiety.

Hallucinations rarely occur in individuals with anxiety disorders. This case report describes a 36-year-old male with Social Phobia and Agoraphobia with Panic Attacks who had prominent visual hallucinations that were both distressing and incapacitating. Treatment with sertraline 200 mg/d, clonazepam 1 mg/d, and propranolol 20 mg/day for one month completely resolved both his anxiety and the hallucinations, after which he was able to return to his social and occupational life.

Spinal Subdural Haematoma.

Introduction: Spinal Subdural hematoma is a rare cause of radiculopathy and spinal cord compression syndromes. It's early diagnosis is essential. Chronological appearance of these bleeds vary on MRI.

Ulcerated primary fibrosarcoma of breast: case report and review of literature.

Breast carcinoma is a common condition worldwide but stromal sarcomas of breast are rarity in day to day surgical practice. Out of primary breast sarcomas, fibrosarcoma constitutes only 16% of cases. We report a primary fibrosarcoma of breast in a young female patient which presented as ulcerated growth and fixity to chest wall and multiple ipsilateral axillary lympadenopathy (Stage IIIb).

Outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy done with surgical energy versus done without surgical energy: a prospective-randomized control study.

Objective: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), a gold standard procedure can be done without energized dissection (ED). We did a randomized study for the outcomes of LC done with ED or without ED, i.e.

Group B streptococcal infection in a tertiary hospital in India--1998-2010.

This retrospective study was done to determine the incidence of neonatal Group B streptococcal sepsis among newborn between 1998 and 2010. Among 107,692 babies born during this period, the overall incidence of Group B streptococcal sepsis was 0.76/1000 live births with the incidence of early onset sepsis being 0.

Climate-induced elevational range shifts and increase in plant species richness in a Himalayan biodiversity epicentre.

Global average temperature increase during the last century has induced species geographic range shifts and extinctions. Montane floras, in particular, are highly sensitive to climate change and mountains serve as suitable observation sites for tracing climate-induced biological response. The Himalaya constitute an important global biodiversity hotspot, yet studies on species' response to climate change from this region are lacking.

Clinicopathological study of 113 gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract. A retrospective study was done to evaluate the clinical and pathological features and the effect of adjuvant treatment with imatinib.

Method: The case records of 113 GIST patients were retrospectively reviewed and the clinicopathological features, treatments, and outcomes were recorded.

Elevational gradients in fish diversity in the Himalaya: water discharge is the key driver of distribution patterns.

Background: Studying diversity and distribution patterns of species along elevational gradients and understanding drivers behind these patterns is central to macroecology and conservation biology. A number of studies on biogeographic gradients are available for terrestrial ecosystems, but freshwater ecosystems remain largely neglected. In particular, we know very little about the species richness gradients and their drivers in the Himalaya, a global biodiversity hotspot.

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy due to homozygous KCNJ11 (T294M) mutation.

Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is the most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infancy. While most of the cases are sporadic more than 100 mutations have been reported in the familial type. The authors report a case of familial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with homozygous T294M mutation of the KCNJ11 gene, which responded to diazoxide therapy.