Zonal analysis in contemporary aesthetic orthognathic surgical planning.

Background: The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of zonal analysis in orthognathic surgical planning.

Case Presentation: The importance of developing this concept of facial zonal analysis is because grouping together elements of aesthetic importance in a region in a systematic manner allows for accurate diagnosis and logical treatment planning. An orthognathic case presentation is described to demonstrate this concept.

Surgical management of syndromic versus non-syndromic craniofacial fibrous dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The main purpose of this study was to identify an algorithm for the surgical management of fibrous dysplasia in syndromic (McCune-Albright syndrome) and non-syndromic patients (monostotic and polyostotic subtypes). The secondary objectives were to assess the prevalence of affected craniofacial bones and the main clinical presentation. The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by conducting a comprehensive electronic search from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2019.

Corneal Neurotization Using the Great Auricular Nerve for Bilateral Congenital Trigeminal Anesthesia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe an indirect corneal neurotization (CN) technique for congenital bilateral trigeminal anesthesia using the greater auricular nerve (GAN) as a donor.

Method: CN was performed to preserve the integrity of the only seeing eye in a 4-year-old boy with pontine tegmental cap dysplasia and bilateral trigeminal anesthesia. He had recurrent corneal ulceration and scarring despite full medical treatment.

Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (3D-VSP) in orthognathic surgery: Advantages, disadvantages and pitfalls.

In this article, the advantages, disadvantages and pitfalls of three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (3D-VSP) compared to traditional two-dimensional (2D) planning methods in orthognathic surgery are discussed, alongside a standardised protocol that can be utilised. A skeletal Class II, skeletal Class III and an anterior open bite clinical case along with their 3D-VSP management are presented, highlighting modifications that can be made to computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) cutting guide and plate designs.

Long-term evaluation of three-dimensional volumetric changes of augmented severely atrophic maxilla by anterior iliac crest bone grafting.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term three-dimensional graft resorption following reconstruction of the severely atrophic maxilla with anterior iliac crest bone grafting.

Methods: Twenty-two patients (13 males), who underwent autogenous bone grafting and implant placement to their severely atrophic maxillary alveolar ridges were identified and included in the study. Pre- and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 40 recipient grafting sites were evaluated to calculate volumetric changes over time.

Review of nasal changes with maxillary orthognathic surgery.

This article reviews the literature on nasal changes with maxillary orthognathic surgery. Understanding such changes is vital for surgical planning and for obtaining appropriate informed consent, and there are medico-legal implications. During orthognathic surgical planning a prediction of the effects of the different surgical movements is possible and this forms part of the basis of the planning stage.

Shoulder proprioception in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome.

Background: Recently, proprioception deficits of the rotator cuff and the deltoid muscles have been suggested to play a pivotal role in the subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). To date, there are no study has been found where the kinesthesia and joint position senses have been evaluated together in SIS.

Objective: To investigate the shoulder proprioception in patients with SIS.

Efficacy of Proprioceptive Exercises in Patients with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of proprioceptive exercises on shoulder proprioception, range of motion, pain, muscle strength, and function in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome.

Design: Sixty-one patients with subacromial impingement syndrome participated in this prospective, single-blind randomized controlled trial. All patients were randomly divided into two groups: control group (conventional physiotherapy, n = 30) and intervention group (proprioceptive exercise and conventional physiotherapy, n = 31).

Total Joint Replacement for Severe Bilateral Condylar Resorption--Gorham-Stout Syndrome.

Gorham-Stout syndrome is an extremely rare bone disorder characterized by osteolytic bony resorption. It is of unknown etiology and thought to result from localized endothelial proliferation of lymphatic vessels that cause the bony resorption. Diagnosis of Gorham-Stout can only be made after excluding other common causes of bony resorption such as those caused by infection, inflammation, malignancy, and endocrine.

Facial calcinosis: case report.

Antisynthetase syndrome is a subgroup of the idiopathic inflammatory muscle diseases and is characterised by myositis, interstitial pulmonary disease, arthritis, and Raynaud phenomenon. We report the case of a 34-year-old woman with known antisynthetase syndrome who presented with subcutaneous calcinosis bilaterally in the submandibular region.

Cranio-orbital primary intraosseous haemangioma.

Purpose: Primary intraosseous haemangioma (IOH) is a rare benign neoplasm presenting in the fourth and fifth decades of life. The spine and skull are the most commonly involved, orbital involvement is extremely rare. We describe six patients with cranio-orbital IOH, the largest case series to date.

Unilateral parotid mass as an unusual presentation of lupus erythematosus profundus.

Unilateral parotid swelling or mass in the lupus erythematosus profundus person is a rare or under reported clinical scenario in existing literature. This is a case of a 49-year-old man with such presentation for whom medical management of the underlying condition led to the resolution of the swelling. Lupus erythematosus profundus must be considered as a differential diagnosis of unexplained parotid swelling to prevent incorrect diagnosis, unnecessary surgical intervention (eg, parotidectomy) and the morbidity that comes with it (eg, facial nerve weakness, Frey's syndrome etc).

High frequency of inflammatory back pain and other features of spondyloarthritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have inflammatory back pain (IBP) and meet the existing classification criteria for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and spondyloarthritis (SpA). We included 167 patients fulfilling the ACR 1987 revised criteria for RA. After obtaining a medical history and performing a physical examination, standard pelvic X-rays for examination of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) were ordered in all patients.

A cadaveric study of the cranio-orbital foramen and its significance in orbital surgery.

Background: The cranio-orbital foramen is an osseous anatomical landmark located adjacent to the superior orbital fissure. It is a potential source of hemorrhage during deep orbital dissection because it is the location of an anastomosis between the lacrimal artery and the middle meningeal artery. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, location, and number of cranio-orbital foramina within a Caucasian population.

An unusual presentation of a maxillary central giant cell granuloma.

Central Giant Cell Granulomas (CGCG) of the jaw are uncommon benign lesions which usually occur in the mandible in young adults. Here we present a case report of a 45-year-old woman who presented with a 5-month history of right nasal obstruction secondary to a large maxillary CGCG. The age, symptoms at presentation, location and radiographic features were not pathognomonic for this lesion.

Silent sinus syndrome.

Silent sinus syndrome is defined as a spontaneous and progressive enophthalmos and hypoglobus with hypoplasia of the maxillary sinus and resorption of the orbital floor. It is caused by atelectasis of the maxillary sinus in the presence of ipsilateral chronic hypoventilation of the sinus. The problem may be idiopathic, but the term is now also used to describe cases that follow operation or trauma.

Retrospective analysis of nasal soft tissue profile changes with maxillary surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in the position of the nasal and labial soft tissue profile of patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, with special emphasis on the effect on the nasal tip projection.

Materials And Methods: The lateral cephalometric radiographs of 27 consecutive patients (16 female and 11 male patients; mean age, 22 years) who had undergone maxillary advancement and mandibular setback were studied. The pretreatment and end-of-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs were selected.

Resorption of a sequestered cervical disc confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging: long term follow-up. Case report.

In literature cervical disc extrusions are considered by most neurosurgeons a definitive indication for surgery. This approach may stem from a fear of disc fragment migration with neurological deterioration. We report a rare case of cervical disc sequestration with a seldom prognosis which resolved spontaneously in a two-month follow-up on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), emphasizing the efficacy and applicability of conservative treatment in cervical disc herniations.

Tumor grade-related thallium-201 uptake in chondrosarcomas.

Objectives: Diagnosis of low-grade chondrosarcoma, especially discrimination between enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma, may be difficult pathologically. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of thallium-201 (Tl-201) scintigraphy in the diagnosis of chondrosarcoma and to investigate whether there was a correlation between Tl-201 uptake and tumor grade.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 121 patients with pathologically proven bone and soft tissue tumors diagnosed between the years 1999 and 2007.

Regional migratory osteoporosis: case report of a patient with neuropathic pain.

Regional migratory osteoporosis (RMO) is an idiopathic disorder characterized by severe periarticular pain, transient and migratory arthralgia, and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis in this disease may appear in the form of local regional osteoporosis and bone marrow edema or generalized osteoporosis. It occurs most commonly in middle-aged men and late second or third trimester pregnant women.

The effect of hip rotation on bone mineral density of the proximal femur measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of lower extremity position changes on hip bone mineral density measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-nine healthy university students (30 men, 39 women; mean age 21.9+/-1.

Oculovagal reflex in paediatric orbital floor fractures mimicking head injury.

Background: The oculovagal reflex is well described in ophthalmic surgery, but may be caused by any manner of pressure on the globe. Children with orbital blowout fractures present in a different manner from adults. The classic presentation in children is a white eye injury (ie, no subconjunctival haemorrhage) with upgaze diplopia and general malaise.

Prevalence of spondyloarthritis in Turkish patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Rheumatic manifestations are the most common extraintestinal findings of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), although there are wide variations among different studies. The only previous Turkish study reported a rather high prevalence of spondyloarthritis (SpA) in patients with IBD. We aimed to determine the frequency of SpA and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in patients with IBD attending a gastroenterology clinic from a referral centre.

The efficacy of conservative treatment in patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears.

Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder pain and disability. Although many studies have reported about the surgical results of full-thickness tears of the rotator cuff, there are few studies about the efficacy of conservative treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of conservative treatment in patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears by using objective and subjective measurements.