The Modified History of Juvenile Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis Following Percutaneous Transmitral Commissurotomy: Intermediate-Term Outcomes From a Decadal Follow-Up Study.

Aim: There are few studies that have looked at the long-term outcomes of juvenile mitral stenosis (JMS) following percutaneous transmitral commissurotomy (PTMC). This study sought to analyse the modified history of JMS in children following PTMC.

Method: We describe a longitudinal, observational follow-up study of all children and young adults aged <20 years who underwent PTMC at Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, India from 2012 to 2021.

Evaluation of Intermediate Visual Outcomes in Eyes Implanted with Bilateral Advanced Monofocal Intraocular Lens Targeting for Mini-Monovision and Its Association with Age and Corneal Asphericity.

Purpose: To assess the visual outcomes in patients bilaterally implanted with novel Clareon intraocular lens when targeting mini monovision post-operatively.

Setting: The study was conducted at Laxmi Eye Institute; it is a tertiary care eye institution in Panvel, India.

Design: This is an investigator initiated, prospective, single-centre longitudinal study of 45 patients to assess the visual outcomes in patients who were implanted with Clareon IOL bilaterally.

Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes of Ocular Graft Versus Host Disease following Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical presentation of chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), laterality of presentation, and longitudinal changes in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Methods: This is a retrospective longitudinal analysis of 60 eyes from 30 patients who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Demographic characteristics, clinical history, comorbidities, and other organ involvements were taken into account for analysis.

Barriers and facilitators for adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and strategies to address the barriers in key populations, Mumbai-A qualitative study.

Background: Even though quantitative studies have described barriers to anti-retroviral therapy (ART), a more exploratory approach will provide in-depth information on these issues, and potential suggestions to address these issues at individual as well as structural level. We designed this qualitative study to examine the barriers and facilitators for antiretroviral therapy adherence in key population (KP) in Mumbai, India. We also wanted to understand the strategies adopted by these groups and get suggestions to improve adherence to ART.

Acceptance and hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines in rural and tribal areas of Maharashtra (India).

Introduction: Hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines may be a major hindrance to a successful vaccination program. We assessed the vaccine uptake, facilitators, and barriers for the COVID-19 vaccine in tribal and rural populations in Maharashtra, India.

Methodology: The present study is a cross-sectional analysis of data collected from 373 individuals from six villages (three tribal and three rural) from August 2022 to September 2022.

Factors associated with mortality in HIV-TB co-infected patients during and after the course of TB treatment in high-burden settings, Mumbai, India: A cohort analysis.

Background: Knowledge of factors associated with TB mortality during treatment and post treatment will help us develop better monitoring and implementation strategies for TB control. We designed the present study to examine the factors associated with mortality in HIV-TB co-infected patients during and after the course of TB treatment.

Methods: This study is a cohort analysis of secondary data collected from 1804 HIV-TB co-infected individuals from 16 anti-retroviral therapy (ART) centres affiliated with the Mumbai Districts AIDS Control Society, Mumbai, India.

Online partner seeking and high-risk behaviour in men who have sex with men and male-to-female transgendered people in Mumbai, India: Implications for prevention strategies.

Background: It is important to understand the current internet-related sexual behaviours of high-risk groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM). We designed the present study to understand the types of online/mobile apps used by MSM and male-to-female transgendered people/hijras [TGH] in Mumbai, India. We also compared the internet-related 'partner seeking' and 'sexual behaviours' in MSM and TGH in Mumbai, India.

Individual and Combined Effects of Diabetes and Glaucoma on Total Macular Thickness and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness: A Cross-sectional Analysis.

Purpose: Presence of diabetes in glaucoma patients may influence findings while documenting the progression of glaucoma. We conducted the study to compare individual and combined effects of diabetes and glaucoma on macular thickness and ganglion cell complex thickness.

Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional analysis of 172 eyes of 114 individuals.

Migratory Panniculitis with Autoimmune Cholangitis and Pancreatitis (IgG4- Related Disease): A Rare Presentation.

A 30-year-old woman presented with an acute-onset high-grade fever (103°F), multiple episodes of throbbing abdominal pain in the right quadrant, and pustular red lesions on the left leg. The radiological findings were suggestive of autoimmune cholangitis and pancreatitis. The skin lesions recurred on different portions of the body, and histopathological findings showed lobular and septal lymphohistiocytic infiltrate without vasculitis.

Utility and diagnostic test properties of pulmonary and cardiovascular point of care ultra-sonography (POCUS) in COVID-19 patients admitted to critical care unit.

Background: We conducted this study to assess the diagnostic test properties of point of care ultrasonography (POCUS) of lung and cardiovascular system in prediction of mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 178 Covid-19 patients; POCUS was performed within one hour of admission to the ICU. We estimated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value for prediction of mortality.

Effectiveness of Covid-19 vaccines (CovishieldTM and Covaxin ®) in healthcare workers in Mumbai, India: A retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: India started its vaccination programme for Coronavirus-19 infection (COVID-19) on 16 January 2021 with CovishieldTM (Oxford/Astra Zeneca vaccine manufactured by Serum Institute of India) and Covaxin ® (Bharat Biotech, India). We designed the present study to study the effectiveness of vaccines for COVID-19 in prevention of breakthrough infections and severe symptomatic cases among health care workers in a real-life scenario in Mumbai, India. Furthermore, we also wanted to study the factors associated with this effectiveness.

Attitudes and acceptability of children, caregivers, and healthcare providers about using telemedicine for pediatric HIV care in a resource-limited setting.

Background: The Pediatric HIV Telemedicine Initiative is a video-linked delivery of expert services, designed to reach those previously unable to access expert HIV care. The present qualitative study was designed to understand the acceptability of telemedicine [TM] by patients, their caregivers and health care providers in the anti-retroviral therapy (ART) centers in Maharashtra.

Methods: We conducted focus group discussions with caregivers at six ART centres (three linked with TM facilities and three not linked with TM).

Barriers for Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and Viral Suppression in Members of the Key Population in Mumbai, India: Implications for Interventions.

Background: Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with poor virologic control and drug resistance in people living with HIV/AIDS. Some barriers to ART adherence are cost, lack of information, stigma, or dissatisfaction with health services.

Aims And Objectives: To study the association between barriers for ART adherence and viral suppression, and explore the role of "missing ART dose" as a potential mediator in high-risk groups.

Effectiveness and safety of 0.5% timolol solution in the treatment of pyogenic granuloma: A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study.

Introduction Pyogenic granulomas are benign vascular lesions of the skin and mucosa which are often a source of concern because of their recurrent bleeding even with minimal trauma. Current treatment for pyogenic granuloma is ablative; no medical therapy is standardized to date. Timolol, due to its vasoconstrictive effect, vascular growth factor inhibition and apoptosis promotion properties, is a potential therapeutic option.

Retrospective cohort analysis of survival of children living with HIV/AIDS in Mumbai, India.

Objectives: To understand the survival in a cohort of children living with HIV/AIDS (CLHAs) and to study the factors associated with survival in CLHAs in government antiretroviral therapy (ART) centres in Mumbai, India.

Design: This is a retrospective cohort analysis.

Setting: Data from electronic ART records of children from 15 ART centres in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Psychodermatology - a case for sensitization of pharmacists in Mumbai, India.

Background: Though studies have looked at the attitudes of dermatologists towards psychodermatology, few have highlighted the attitudes of pharmacists towards these conditions.

Objectives: To study the knowledge, attitudes and practices of pharmacists towards the prescription of psychotropic medications to dermatology patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 80 pharmacists from Mumbai, India.

Factors associated with survival in adult people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs) in Mumbai, India (2004-2019): A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Knowledge of factors that affect survival in People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs) on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) will help us develop and implement interventions to improve the clinical outcomes and survival in these individuals. The aim of this study was to estimate the survival in PLHAs on ART in the government ART programme in Mumbai, and the factors associated with survival in these individuals.

Methods: It is a retrospective survival analysis of 28,345 adult PLHAs from 18 government ART centres in Mumbai (registration period 2004-2019).

Should we start looking at the elderly for human immunodeficiency virus infections? A study of trends of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Background: There is limited information on the trends of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infections in India - particularly from private health-care settings. We designed the present research to estimate the prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV over a period of 7 years and study the factors associated with them.

Materials And Methods: The present study is a secondary data analysis of data from the laboratory records of 24,086 individuals who were tested over a period of 7 years (2009-2015).

Assessing the Effectiveness of a Telemedicine Initiative in Clinical Management of Children Living with HIV/AIDS in Maharashtra, India.

To evaluate the effectiveness of telemedicine in the clinical management of children living with HIV/AIDS in resource-limited settings ; Background: Telemedicine is an important mechanism for service delivery in health care settings, both in resource-rich and resource-poor settings. Such service delivery mechanisms have shown to be associated with virologic suppression and higher CD4 counts. These services are also associated with improved access, shorter visiting times, and higher patient satisfaction.

Comparison of Post-Cataract Surgery Visual Outcomes and Quality of Life in Patients Bilaterally Implanted with Multifocal Intraocular Lenses.

Introduction: The present study compared visual outcomes in eyes with bilateral implantation of two multifocal intraocular lenses (MFIOLs)-the Eyecryl™ ACTV diffractive multifocal IOL (group 1) and AcrySof IQ ReSTOR multifocal IOL (group 2).

Methods: This was a prospective, two-group observational longitudinal study of 118 eyes from 59 patients conducted at Laxmi Eye Institute, Panvel, India. We evaluated the patients at 1, 3, and 6 months.

Reaching the Unreached: Providing Quality Care to HIV-Infected Children through Telemedicine-An Innovative Pilot Initiative from Maharashtra, India.

Background: The National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) of India created the Regional Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Center; this was subsequently upgraded to seven Pediatric Centers of Excellence (PCoEs) to strengthen the quality of treatment and care of children living with HIV/AIDS (CLHAs). In October 2013, the pediatric HIV telemedicine initiative, an e-decentralized (care provided by local healthcare providers and support provided by a central agency through telemedicine facilities) model of expert pediatric HIV care and referral services, was established as a pilot project at the Pediatric Center of Excellence for HIV Care in Maharashtra. We designed the present study to compare management, compliance to ART, and mortality in children in the ART centers linked to the PCoE through telemedicine versus those that are not linked to the PCoE.

Development of a composite indicator to prioritize districts for implementation of human immunodeficiency virus programmes in Maharashtra, India.

A key recommendation of the National AIDS Control Programme-IV of India was to develop new strategies for geo-prioritization of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. We conducted this study to categorize the districts in Maharashtra (India) based on a multidimensional framework for geo-prioritization of services. Programmatic data on trends of HIV prevalence, coverage of marginalized populations and vulnerability factors were included.