Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Condyle-Glenoid Fossa Complex Following Treatment with Herbst Appliance.

The purpose of the present retrospective observational study was to compare the effects of treatment with Herbst appliance and fixed therapy with elastics on the condyle and glenoid fossa complex. Thirty patients aged between twelve and sixteen years with skeletal Class II malocclusion who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study: fifteen patients treated with Herbst appliance (Group 1), and fifteen patients treated with orthodontic camouflage using MBT prescription (MBT Versatile+ Appliance System) (Group 2). For Group 2, patients had CBCT scans taken before treatment either after Herbst appliance removal or at the end of treatment.

Three-Dimensional Evaluation of the Tongue Volume in Different Dentoskeletal Patterns - A Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate tongue volume using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) and its correlation to different growth patterns in patients.

Materials And Methods: Sixty preorthodontic records of CBCT scans of subjects ranging from 14 to 25 age group from retrospective data of department were selected for the study. Patients were classified into three groups based on angle FMA; Group I ( = 20) with average growth pattern (FMA 22°-28°); Group II ( = 20) vertical growth pattern (FMA >28°); Group III ( = 25) horizontal growth pattern (FMA <20°).

Effect of Craniofacial Morphology on Pharyngeal Airway Volume Measured Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)-A Retrospective Pilot Study.

Background: The present study aimed to determine the correlation between pharyngeal airway volume and craniofacial morphology through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, the study analyzed the influence of gender on pharyngeal airway volume. (2) Methods: 80 CBCT scans of 40 male and 40 female patients (mean age: 15.

Effects of miniplate anchored Herbst appliance on skeletal, dental and masticatory structures of the craniomandibular apparatus: A finite element study.

Objective: To analyze the stress distribution in the hard and soft tissue structures of craniomandibular complex during mandibular advancement with miniplate anchored rigid fixed functional appliance (FFA) using Finite Element Analysis (FEA).

Material And Methods: The virtual model consisting of all the maxillofacial bones (up to calvaria), the mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was generated using the volumetric data from pre-treatment CBCT-scan of a growing patient. The masticatory muscles, other soft tissues, Herbst appliance and plate geometry were modelled mathematically.

Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of pharyngeal airway in North Indian children with different skeletal patterns.

Background: In growing patients with skeletal discrepancies, early assessment of functional factors can be vital for the restoration of normal craniofacial growth.

Aim: To compare airway volumes in patients with mandibular retrognathism with the normal anteroposterior skeletal relationship, thereby assessing the association between cephalometric variables and airway morphology.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography volume scans, and lateral cephalograms, 3-dimensional airway volume and cross-sectional areas of 120 healthy children (54 boys and 66 girls mean age 15.

Reliability and Reproducibility of Landmark Identification in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: Digital Lateral Vis-A-Vis CBCT-Derived 3D Cephalograms.

Background: The aim of the retrospective observational study was to compare the precision of landmark identification and its reproducibility using cone beam computed tomography-derived 3D cephalograms and digital lateral cephalograms in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

Methods: Cephalograms of thirty-one (31) North Indian children (18 boys and 13 girls) with a unilateral cleft lip and palate, who were recommended for orthodontic treatment, were selected. After a thorough analysis of peer-reviewed articles, 20 difficult-to-trace landmarks were selected, and their reliability and reproducibility were studied.

Intra- and Interobserver Reliability of Bone Volume Estimation Using OsiriX Software in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

The objective of the current study was to evaluate intra- and interobserver bone volume measurements and effect of orientation on the reliability of bone volume evaluation in as-acquired vis-à-vis oriented cone beam computed tomography scans using Osirix software and possible correlation between gender, age, and bone volume required. For this, 31 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 14 girls and 17 boys (aged 9-13) with unilateral cleft lip and/or palate who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Efficacy and reliability of third party software Osirix for bone volume calculation was assessed using as acquired and oriented volumes by three specialists (a radiologist, an orthodontist, and an oral maxillofacial surgeon).

Frontal and Axial Evaluation of Craniofacial Morphology in Repaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients Utilizing Cone Beam Computed Tomography; An Observational Study.

The current study was conducted to assess the extent of maxillary arch collapse on the cleft vis-a-vis non-cleft sides in the same individual presenting withunilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Thirty-one children (eighteen boys andthirteen girls) with surgically repaired UCLP, who met the inclusion criteria, were selected. Following the acquisition of CBCT scans, fourteen bilateral landmarks were selected.

Development of a subunit vaccine for prevention of associated diseases: Biophysical characterization of toxoids A and B.

Inactivation of bacterial toxins for use in human vaccines traditionally is achieved by treatment with formaldehyde. In contrast, the bivalent experimental vaccine for the prevention of infections (CDI) that is currently being evaluated in clinical trials was produced using a different strategy. toxins A and B were inactivated using site-directed mutagenesis and treatment with 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride/-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (EDC/NHS).

Household air pollution from various types of rural kitchens and its exposure assessment.

Exposure to household air pollutants has become a leading environmental health risk in developing countries. Considering this, real-time temporal variation in fine particulate matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations were measured in various types of rural household kitchens. Observed average concentrations of PM, CO, percent relative humidity (%RH) and temperature (T) in five different kitchen types were 549.

Evaluation of stress changes in the mandible with a fixed functional appliance: a finite element study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a fixed functional appliance (Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device; 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) on the mandible with 3-dimensional finite element stress analysis.

Methods: A 3-dimensional finite element model of the mandible was constructed from the images generated by cone-beam computed tomography of a patient undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. The changes were studied with the finite element method, in the form of highest von Mises stress and maximum principal stress regions.

Three-dimensional evaluation of pharyngeal airway in complete unilateral cleft individuals and normally growing individuals using cone beam computed tomography.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate pharyngeal airway in cleft individuals and normally growing individuals using cone beam computed tomography.

Materials And Methods: Cone beam computed tomography scans of 22 individuals were obtained from the Department of Orthodontics and divided in two groups. Group 1 includes 11 cases with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (mean age, 12 years) and group 2 includes 11 noncleft cases (mean age, 14 years).

Nonreplicating vaccines can protect african green monkeys from the memphis 37 strain of respiratory syncytial virus.

Background: We evaluated the immunological responses of African green monkeys immunized with multiple F and G protein-based vaccines and assessed protection against the Memphis 37 strain of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Methods: Monkeys were immunized with F and G proteins adjuvanted with immunostimulatory (CpG) oligodeoxyribonucleotides admixed with either Alhydrogel or ISCOMATRIX adjuvant. Delivery of F and G proteins via replication incompetent recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses (VSVs) and human adenoviruses was also evaluated.

Non-propagating, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vectors encoding respiratory syncytial virus proteins generate potent humoral and cellular immunity against RSV and are protective in mice.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract illness in infants, the elderly, and other high-risk individuals. Despite years of research in this field, there is no effective licensed vaccine to prevent RSV infection. We have generated candidate RSV vaccines using a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) replicon in which the attachment and fusion domains of the VSV glycoprotein (G) have been deleted (rVSV-Gstem), rendering the virus propagation-defective except in the presence of complementing VSV G provided in trans.

A guide for simple mini-implant placement.

The proper placement of mini-implants is very important because of the increased risk of implant failure when inserted too close to the roots of the adjacent teeth. This can interfere with orthodontic treatment. This simple guide for mini-implant placement is easy and can reduce chair time.

Characterization of a posed smile and evaluation of facial attractiveness by panel perception and its correlation with hard and soft tissue.

Aim: To examine whether specific hard and soft tissue had any effect on smile characteristics and to ascertain the opinions of laypersons and clinicians in evaluating facial attractiveness among different occlusions.

Method: Photographs of posed smiles, along with profiles and full faces, of 76 patients with different occlusions were captured, and a lateral cephalogram of each subject was traced. These photographs were judged by a panel of 10 clinicians and 10 laypersons on a 5-point visual analog scale.

Surviving ventricular standstill for 111 seconds during Holter monitoring.

Holter electrocardiogram recording revealed symptomatic prolonged ventricular standstill lasting for about two minutes which terminated without any external cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Acute bioprosthetic mitral valve stenosis in a patient with HITS.

Acute thrombosis involving the left atrium and a bioprosthetic valve during the early postoperative period is an extremely rare complication of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome (HITS). We present a patient with early bioprosthetic mitral valve stenosis complicated by HITS in a patient with severe mitral regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, and severe left ventricular dysfunction.

Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of intestinal inflammation.

Background: We developed a series of dendritic cell autoimmune modulators (DCAMs) based on small molecule Flt3 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for the inhibition of intestinal inflammation and oral delivery.

Methods: DCAMs were administered orally during and after induction of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Dendritic cell recruitment and inflammatory responses were determined in the mucosal immune system during acute intestinal inflammatory responses and mucosal recovery.

Surgical correction of congenital heart disease at 76 years of age.

The management of adult congenital heart disease is challenging and poses specific problems. We report a patient with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis who underwent successful repair and coronary artery bypass grafting at the age of 76 years.

Cardiac gunshot injury: child with stable presentation and asymptomatic short-term follow-up.

A 2-year-old female child was brought to the emergency department after she was accidentally shot by her father, while cleaning his air rifle loaded with the pointed type 0.22 (5.5 mm) caliber pellet.

Refined methods for propagating vesicular stomatitis virus vectors that are defective for G protein expression.

Propagation-defective vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectors that encode a truncated G protein (VSV-Gstem) or lack the G gene entirely (VSV-DeltaG) are attractive vaccine vectors because they are immunogenic, cannot replicate and spread after vaccination, and do not express many of the epitopes that elicit neutralizing anti-VSV immunity. To consider advancing non-propagating VSV vectors towards clinical assessment, scalable technology that is compliant with human vaccine manufacturing must be developed to produce clinical trial material. Accordingly, two propagation methods were developed for VSV-Gstem and VSV-DeltaG vectors encoding HIV gag that have the potential to support large-scale production.