Patient involvement in assessment of postgraduate medical learners: A scoping review.

Context: Competency-based assessment of learners may benefit from a more holistic, inclusive, approach for determining readiness for unsupervised practice. However, despite movements towards greater patient partnership in health care generally, inclusion of patients in postgraduate medical learners' assessment is largely absent.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review to map the nature, extent and range of literature examining the inclusion (or exclusion) of patients within the assessment of postgraduate medical learners.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Preclinical Animal Models of Tumor Growth: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cell derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been implicated in the regulation of tumor growth. Studies remain preclinical with effects ranging from inhibition of tumor growth to cancer progression. A systematic review and meta-analysis is needed to clarify the effect of MSC-EVs on tumor growth to facilitate potential translation to clinical trials.

Preclinical Studies of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat or Prevent Graft Versus Host Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Treating and preventing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) remains a significant challenge. The use of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) appears promising and a systematic review of preclinical studies is needed to accelerate the design of translational studies.

Methods: We identified 4 eligible studies from a systematic review performed on December 1, 2018.

Exploiting mitochondrial and oxidative vulnerabilities with a synthetic analog of pancratistatin in combination with piperlongumine for cancer therapy.

Harsh adverse effects as a result of nonspecific targeting of chemotherapeutics currently pose obstacles in cancer therapy; thus, it would be invaluable to devise novel approaches to specifically target cancer cells. The natural compound pancratistatin (PST) has been shown to preferentially induce apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell types. Recently, several analogs of PST were shown to be efficacious in inducing apoptosis in a variety of aggressive cancer cell types cancer cell mitochondrial targeting; it caused dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased oxygen consumption, and with isolated mitochondria, it induced the release of apoptogenic factors.

Assessing the impact of irrigation treatments on thiram residual trends: correspondence with numerical modelling and field-scale experiments.

The present study was undertaken to study the trends of transport of thiram, a dithiocarbamate pesticide, at different time and depth in the fields under real field conditions for wheat crop. Numerical simulations were carried out by solving the coupled soil-water content movement and mass transport equations using HYDRUS- 1D. The supplementary data used for paramaterization of HYDRUS-1D comprise of irrigation treatments, climatic conditions, and soil characteristics.