Formulation and characterization of novel dairy-based dip utilizing heat-acid-coagulated milk gel and whey.

An attempt was made to develop a novel dairy-based dip-like product from heat-acid-induced milk gel and whey. Based upon preliminary trials, the combination of cream (15-35%), whey (60-70%) and common salt (0.8-1.

Valorization of Sour Buttermilk (A Potential Waste Stream): Conversion to Powder Employing Reverse Osmosis and Spray Drying.

Reverse osmosis (RO) is known for the economic dewatering of dairy streams without any change in phase. At the household level, surplus milk is fermented and churned to obtain butter, which is subsequently heated to obtain clarified milk fat (). The production of 1 kg generates 15-20 kg sour buttermilk (SBM) as a by-product that is mostly drained.

Combatting insects mediated biotic stress through plant associated endophytic entomopathogenic fungi in horticultural crops.

Horticultural production is a vital catalyst for economic growth, yet insect infestations reduce horticultural crop yield and quality. Pesticides and other pest control methods are used during planting to eliminate pests that cause direct and indirect losses. In such situations, endophytic entomo-pathogenic fungi (EEPF) can act as a potential tools for biological control.

Impact of air pollutants on COVID-19 transmission: a study over different metropolitan cities in India.

India is affected strongly by the Coronavirus and within a short period, it becomes the second-highest country based on the infected case. Earlier, there was an indication of the impact of pollution on COVID-19 transmission from a few studies with early COVID-19 data. The study of the effect of pollution on COVID-19 in Indian metropolitan cities is ideal due to the high level of pollution and COVID-19 transmission in these cities.

Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Marker Trait Associations (MTA) for Waterlogging-Triggered Adventitious Roots and Aerenchyma Formation in Barley.

Waterlogging is an environmental stress, which severely affects barley growth and development. Limited availability of oxygen in the root zone negatively affects the metabolism of the whole plant. Adventitious roots (AR) and root cortical aerenchyma (RCA) formation are the most important adaptive traits that contribute to a plant's ability to survive in waterlogged soil conditions.

Impact of climate on COVID-19 transmission: A study over Indian states.

Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) started in Wuhan province of China in November 2019 and within a short time, it was declared as a worldwide pandemic by World Health Organisation due to the very fast worldwide spread of the virus. There are a few studies that look for the correlation with infected individuals and different environmental parameters using early data of COVID-19 but there is no study so far that deals with the variation of effective reproduction number and environmental factors. Effective reproduction number is the driving parameter of the spread of a pandemic and it is important to study the effect of various environmental factors on effective reproduction number to understand the effect of those factors on the spread of the virus.

Effect of 2021 assembly election in India on COVID-19 transmission.

India is one of the countries in the world which is badly affected by the COVID-19 second wave. Assembly election in four states and a union territory of India was taken place during March-May 2021 when the COVID-19 second wave was close to its peak and affected a huge number of people. We studied the impact of assembly election on the effective contact rate and the effective reproduction number of COVID-19 using different epidemiological models like SIR, SIRD, and SEIR.

Genome-wide association study reveals a genomic region on 5AL for salinity tolerance in wheat.

Soil salinity is a major threat to crop productivity and quality worldwide. In order to reduce the negative effects of salinity stress, it is important to understand the genetic basis of salinity tolerance. Identifying new salinity tolerance QTL or genes is crucial for breeders to pyramid different tolerance mechanisms to improve crop adaptability to salinity.

Improving Performance of Salt-Grown Crops by Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators.

Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses restricting plant growth and development. Application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) is a possible practical means for minimizing salinity-induced yield losses, and can be used in addition to or as an alternative to crop breeding for enhancing salinity tolerance. The PGRs auxin, cytokinin, nitric oxide, brassinosteroid, gibberellin, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, jasmonate, and ethylene have been advocated for practical use to improve crop performance and yield under saline conditions.

Sensitivity and Specificity of High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) of Temporal Bone in Diagnosing Cholesteatoma and Its Correlation with Intraoperative Findings.

High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of temporal bone helps in understanding the complex anatomy of temporal bone and in identifying disease in temporal bone. However, its role in diagnosing cholesteatoma and analyzing its extent and complications is not established unequivocally. Present study was undertaken to check sensitivity and specificity of HRCT in diagnosing cholesteatoma and assessing its extent and in identifying ossicular destruction and other complications.

Soil and Crop Management Practices to Minimize the Impact of Waterlogging on Crop Productivity.

Waterlogging remains a significant constraint to cereal production across the globe in areas with high rainfall and/or poor drainage. Improving tolerance of plants to waterlogging is the most economical way of tackling the problem. However, under severe waterlogging combined agronomic, engineering and genetic solutions will be more effective.

A TLC-Direct Bioautography Method for Detection of Antiurolithiatic Metabolites.

Hyperoxaluria is major urinary disorder troubling largest population throughout the world predominantly involving calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals. Ancient Ayurvedic system of medicine in India claims better option in treatment of urolithiasis. A plant from "Pashanbheda" group is Phyllanthus niruri L.

Biodegradation of lignin and nicotine with white rot fungi for the delignification and detoxification of tobacco stalk.

Background: Tobacco stalk is one kind of abundant crop residues in China. The high lignification of tobacco stalk increases its reusing cost and the existing of nicotine will cause serious pollution. The biodegradation of lignocellulosic biomass has been demonstrated to be an environmental and economical approach for the utilization of plant stalk.

Mechanisms and Physiological Roles of the CBL-CIPK Networking System in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) network is one of the vital regulatory mechanisms which decode calcium signals triggered by environmental stresses. Although the complicated regulation mechanisms and some novel functions of CBL-CIPK signaling network in plants need to be further elucidated, numerous advances have been made in its roles involved in the abiotic stresses. This review chiefly introduces the progresses about protein interaction, classification and expression pattern of different CBLs and CIPKs in Arabidopsis thaliana, summarizes the physiological roles of CBL-CIPK pathway while pointing out some new research ideas in the future, and finally presents some unique perspectives for the further study.

[Isolation of microorganisms producing enzyme capable of degrading tobacco straw and nicotine].

Objective: The aim of this study was to screen tobacco straw and nicotine degrading microorganism.

Methods: The bacterium was isolated from tobacco field soil using medium containing tobacco straw as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. We identified the bacterium through morphological and physiological characterization combined with the result of 16S rRNA gene sequence and data analysis.

The Calcium Sensor CBL-CIPK Is Involved in Plant's Response to Abiotic Stresses.

Abiotic stress halts the physiological and developmental process of plant. During stress condition, CBL-CIPK complex is identified as a primary element of calcium sensor to perceive environmental signals. Recent studies established that this complex regulates downstream targets like ion channels and transporters in adverse stages conditions.

Nicotiana sylvestris calcineurin B-like protein NsylCBL10 enhances salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis.

Nicotiana sylvestris calcineurin B-like protein NsylCBL10 improves tolerance to high-salt stress through better maintenance of Na (+) balance. The calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins represent a unique group of plant calcium sensors and play an important role in regulating the response of a plant cell to the stress. Although many studies have been made in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), rice (Oryza sativa) and poplar (Populus trichocarpa), the characterization and elucidation of the functions of CBLs in tobacco have not yet been reported.

Anti-diabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect of allopolyherbal formulation in OGTT and STZ-induced diabetic rat model.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Allopolyherbal formulation (APHF) consisting of combinations of three well known medicinal plants used in traditional medicines (Trigonella foenum graceum, Momordica charantia, Aegle marmelos) and synthetic oral hypoglycaemic drug (Glipizide-GL). The optimized combination of lyophilized hydro-alcoholic extracts of drugs was 2:2:1 using OGTT model. The optimized PHF was simultaneously administered with GL and optimized using OGTT model in diabetic rats and further studied in STZ-induced diabetic rats for 21 days.