Comparison of two ellipsoidal models for the estimation of left ventricular end-systolic stress in patients with significant coronary artery disease.

Background: The shape of the left ventricle (LV) is an important index to explore cardiac pathophysiology. A comparison was provided to estimate circumferential, longitudinal, and radial wall stress in LV based on the thick-walled ellipsoidal models of Mirsky and Ghista-Sandler for discriminating significant coronary artery disease (CAD) patients from no CAD patients.

Materials And Methods: According to the angiography findings, 82 patients with CAD were divided into two groups: 25 patients without significant CAD and 57 patients with significant CAD of single vessel and multivessel.

Optimizing the administrated light dose during 5-ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy: Murine 4T1 breast cancer model.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is already used to treat many cancers, including breast cancer, the most common cancer in women worldwide. The destruction basis of this method is on produced singlet oxygen which is extremely reactive and is a major agent of tumor cell killing. The measurement of singlet oxygen produced within PDT is essential in predicting treatment outcomes and their optimization.

The Effects of a 2-W Laser on the Nasolabial Fold of Ageing Individuals Investigated by High-Frequency Ultrasonography: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Biomechanical qualities of the skin tissue change following numerous pathological and natural (ageing) conditions. The best skin treatments are those resulting in a positive outcome with the fewest adverse effects. In this study, high-frequency ultrasonography (US), which provides a quantifiable scale, was utilized to evaluate the impact of a 2-W laser on characteristics of nasolabial fold (NLF) including depth and area, epidermis and dermis thicknesses, and Young's modulus (YM).

The Effect of Remote Myofascial Release on Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain With Hamstrings Tightness.

Context: Anatomy trains theory states that performing techniques in any part of the superficial myofascial backline can remotely treat other parts of this pathway. Due to the connections of different parts of the superficial backline, it is possible to influence the hamstring by performing the technique in the lumbar area. As chronic nonspecific low back pain (LBP) may lead to or be caused by hamstring tightness, remote myofascial release (MFR) techniques using the superficial backline can help improve hamstring tightness.

Effect of Remote Myofascial Release on Lumbar Elasticity and Pain in Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of myofascial release technique of a remote area on lumbar elasticity and low back pain (LBP) in patients with chronic nonspecific LBP.

Methods: For this clinical trial, 32 participants with nonspecific LBP were assigned to a myofascial release group (n = 16) or a remote release group (n = 16). Participants in the myofascial release group received 4 sessions of myofascial release to the lumbar region.

Numerical study of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in fat reduction.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of fat-layer thickness and focal depth on the pressure and temperature distribution of tissue.

Methods: Computer simulations were performed for the skin-fat layer models during high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment. The acoustic pressure field was calculated using the nonlinear Westervelt equation and coupled with the Pennes bioheat transfer equation to obtain the temperature distribution.

The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on pain and electrical stimulation muscle thickness in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain-based ultrasonographic evaluation.

The existing mechanisms of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) focuses more on the effect of neural tissue. This study investigated the effect of TENS on the thickness of the erector spinae muscles and reducing pain. 56 individuals with low back pain participated in this single-blind, pre/post-test study.

Biomechanical changes of the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: Investigations of the hemodynamic changes of the venous system in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have shown contradictory results. Herein, the biomechanical parameters of the internal jugular vein (IJV) and common carotid artery (CCA) of MS patients were extracted and compared to healthy individuals.

Methods: B-mode and Doppler sequential ultrasound images of 64 IJVs and CCAs of women including 22 healthy individuals, 22 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, and 20 primary-progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) patients were recorded and processed.

The effect of dual-frequency sonication in the presence of thalidomide angiogenesis inhibitor and nanomicelles containing doxorubicin on inhibiting the growth and angiogenesis of breast adenocarcinoma in vivo.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dual-frequency sonication in the presence of thalidomide angiogenesis inhibitor and nanomicelles containing doxorubicin on inhibiting the growth and angiogenesis of breast adenocarcinoma in BALB/c female mice. Sixty mice carrying the tumor were divided into 12 groups: (A) control, (B) 28 kHz and 3 MHz sonication, (C) thalidomide, (D) thalidomide and 28 kHz, (E) thalidomide and 3 MHz, (F) thalidomide and dual-frequency sonication, (G) doxorubicin, (H) nanomicelles containing doxorubicin, (I) nanomicelles containing doxorubicin and dual-frequency sonication, (J) thalidomide and doxorubicin, (K) thalidomide and nanomicelles containing doxorubicin, and (L) thalidomide and nanomicelles containing doxorubicin and dual-frequency sonication. The delay in the tumor growth and angiogenesis percent were extracted.

Ultrasound evidence of altered lumbar fascia in patients with low back pain.

Different hypotheses have been proposed about the role of lumbar connective tissue in low back pain (LBP). However, none of the previous studies have examined the change in the elastic behavior of lumbar fascia in patients with LBP. The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in the elastic behavior of lumbar fascia in patients with chronic non-specific LBP based on ultrasound imaging.

Estimation of the segmental left ventricular physical and mechanical parameters using echocardiographic imaging for stent candidate patients.

Purpose: Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction can be assessed by quantifying LV structure. In this study, physical parameters were extracted, including the systolic strain, wall stress, and elastic modulus of LV to diagnose stent candidate patients from the control group.

Methods: Based on angiography results, 88 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were divided into 64 patients candidates for PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention) and 24 patients in the control group.

Magnetoporation: New Method for Permeabilization of Cancerous Cells to Hydrophilic Drugs.

Background: In the present study, we investigated the application of pulsed magnetic field (MF) (3.5 T, 1 Hz, 8 square-wave/160 µs) permeabilization on murine breast adenocarcinoma cells when administering bleomycin (BLM) .

Objective: This cross-over study aims to find a noninvasive method to facilitate penetration of hydrophilic anti-cancer drugs through the cancerous cells membrane into the cytosoll in order to minimize the side effects of the chemotherapy treatments of tumors.

Comparative effect of lumbar myofascial release with electrotherapy on the elastic modulus of lumbar fascia and pain in patients with non-specific low back pain.

Objectives: Low back pain is a major health issue in most industrialized countries. Lumbar fascia is supported as a potential source of pain in the lumbar region. Myofascial release is a manual therapeutic approach that focuses on restoring altered soft tissue function.

Assessing the short-term effects of radiotherapy on the shear modulus of the common carotid artery as a new biomarker of radiation-induced atherosclerosis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of short-term atherosclerosis in the common carotid arteries following radiotherapy.

Methods: The mean radiation dose to the arteries was 49.30±15.

Stress distribution analysis in healthy and stenosed carotid artery models reconstructed from in vivo ultrasonography.

Purpose: This study investigated the accuracy of models reconstructed from ultrasound image processing by comparing the radial displacement waveforms of a subject-specific artery model and evaluated stress changes in the proximal shoulder, throat, and distal shoulder of the plaques depending on the degree of carotid artery stenosis.

Methods: Three groups of subjects (healthy and with less than 50% or more carotid stenosis) were evaluated with ultrasonography. Two-dimensional transverse imaging of the common carotid artery was performed to reconstruct the geometry.

Comparison of the effects of ultrasound in a repetitive mode and acoustically active lipospheres in the presence of doxorubicin on breast adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: We want to compare the synergistic effect of low-intensity, dual-frequency (dual) ultrasound (US), applied in a repetitive sonication mode, and acoustically active lipospheres (AALs) containing doxorubicin (DOX) in a murine model (Balb/C).

Subjects And Methods: The tumor-bearing mice were divided into nine groups, namely two untreated groups (control and sham), and seven experimental groups, including treated with dual-frequency US (150 kHz + 1MHz), triple exposure (3×30min) dual-frequency US, DOX (2 mg/kg intravenous), DOX in combination with single exposure (30 min) to dual-frequency US (drug + dual), DOX in combination with triple (3 × 30 min) exposure to dual-frequency US (drug + dual [REP]), AALs containing the drug-loaded (AAL), and a group receiving AAL in combination with single exposure (30 min) dual-frequency US (AAL + dual), respectively.

Results: The effectiveness of DOX on tumor growth was enhanced by a factor of three when combined with the triple exposures of dual US (drug + dual [REP]).

Low-intensity ultrasound combined with allogenic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) in radiation-induced skin injury treatment.

Mesenchymal stem cells are mechano-sensitive cells with the potential to restore the function of damaged tissues. Low-intensity ultrasound has been increasingly considered as a bioactive therapeutic apparatus. Optimizing transplantation conditions is a critical aim for radiation-induced skin tissue injury.

The effect of dual-frequency ultrasound waves on B16F10 melanoma cells: Sonodynamic therapy using nanoliposomes containing methylene blue.

Background: We investigated the effect of dual-frequency sonication on the viability of B16F10 melanoma cells in the presence of methylene blue (MB) encapsulated in nanoliposomes.

Methods: Treatment protocols were studied: sonication groups (40 kHz, 1 MHz and dual-frequency), the same sonication groups with nanoliposomes containing MB, MB free and nanoliposomes containing MB groups, and so sham and control groups. The nanoliposomes were prepared by the lipid film hydration method.

Increasing the efficiency of the retinoblastoma brachytherapy protocol with ultrasonic hyperthermia and gold nanoparticles: a rabbit model.

Purpose: This study purposed to evaluate the efficacy of brachytherapy with the modality of ultrasonic hyperthermia in the presence of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on an ocular retinoblastoma tumor in an animal model of the rabbit.

Materials And Methods: A retinoblastoma tumor was induced by the injection of the human cell line of Y79 in rabbit eyes ( = 41). After two weeks, tumor size reached a diameter of about 5-7 mm.

Effect of Acoustic Cavitation on Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cells: Colonization and Viability.

Objectives: The mechanical index has long been one of the main criteria used to assess the safety limits for therapeutic medical applications. However, the safety of the mechanical index parameter is considered to be unknown in male fertility, which has a very significant role in vitro conditions. In this study, the effect of cavitation interactions due to mechanical index regions was evaluated on spermatogonial stem cells.

The Effects of Extract and Low-Intensity Ultrasound on Motility, Viability, and DNA Fragmentation of Human Frozen-Thawed Semen Samples.

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of extract and US radiation on sperm parameters of cryopreserved human semen samples.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, twenty-five semen specimens were obtained from healthy semen donors and incubated in human tubal fluid (HTF) medium supplemented with 10% human serum albumin (HSA) for 45 minutes. Samples were treated with extract (10 μg/ml) alone (CGM group) and US radiation (LIPUSexposed group) alone or a combination of both treatments (CGM+LIPUS).

Effect of fullerene nanoemulsion on the repair of wrinkles induced by UVB radiation: A c57bl6 mice model.

Introduction: The effect of fullerene nanoemulsion on skin wrinkle repair in an animal model was evaluated using ultrasonic images processing.

Methods: Wrinkles were created in C57BL6 mice during 35 days of UVB radiation. Then, to investigate the therapeutic effect of fullerene nanoemulsions, mice were divided into three groups of control, UVB radiation, and treatment with fullerene nanoemulsion.

Dose-dependent Co γ-radiation Effects on Human Endothelial Cell Mechanical Properties.

Exposure to ionizing radiation is unavoidable for noncancerous cells during the external radiotherapy process. Increasing the dose delivery fraction times leads to increasing the endothelial cell damage. Vascular abnormalities are commonly associated with the alternation of endothelium biomechanical properties.

Estimation of Biomechanical Properties of Normal and Atherosclerotic Common Carotid Arteries.

Purpose: We developed a modified Kelvin model so that the periodic changes of the arterial intima-media thickness (IMT) over the cardiac cycle were involved. Modified model was implemented for carotid artery, solved via a parameter optimization technique and biomechanical parameters of the model.

Methods: Consecutive ultrasonic images of the common carotid artery of 30 male patients including 10 healthy subjects, 10 subjects with mild and 10 subjects with sever stenosis were recorded and processed offline.