Chronic stress modulates the expression level of leptin and leptin receptors in the hypothalamus of male rats with a history of maternal stress.

The activity of different neurotransmitter pathways in the hypothalamus controls the stress response. Meanwhile, leptin is known as an effective mediator in the stress response, and its serum and brain levels change when exposed to stressful factors. In this study, the effect of chronic social instability stress (INS) and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) on anxiety-like behavioral responses and the level of expression of leptin and its receptor in the brain of male Wistar rats that were under maternal stress (MS) were investigated.

A diet enriched with fruits improves the female rats' reproductive system.

Background And Aim: Baneh () is a plant species that is commonly consumed as food and has a long-standing traditional use as a sexual enhancer. Despite its widespread use, a limited amount of academic and scientific literature is available regarding its potential impact on the reproductive system. The present research aimed to study the effect of a diet enriched with Baneh on the female rats' reproductive system.

Methyl jasmonate ameliorates pain-induced learning and memory impairments through regulating the expression of genes involved in neuroinflammation.

Objective: Orofacial pain with high prevalence is one of the substantial human health issues. The importance of this matter became more apparent when it was revealed that orofacial pain, directly and indirectly, affects cognition performances. Currently, researchers have focused on investigating pharmaceutics to alleviate pain and ameliorate its subsequent cognitive impairments.

Neuroprotective activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against methamphetamine-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective activity of the black peel pomegranate extract, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized using the extract. We pretreated the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5 cells with the extract and AgNPs and evaluated the neuroprotective activity of these agents against methamphetamine (Meth) cytotoxicity. The NPs were spherical with 19 ± 8 nm size, - 28 mV surface charge, and 0.

A behavioral and molecular study; ameliorated anxiety-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of chronic unpredictable stress treated with oregano extract.

Objective: Chronic stress is considered a severe risk factor leading to various disorders, including anxiety and cognitive decline. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Origanum vulgare (oregano) extract on improving anxiety-like behavior and learning and memory defection caused by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS).

Method: A 10-day CUS protocol was executed on male rats, and on day 10, their anxiety, learning, and memory status were evaluated.

The effects of as a libido booster and sexual enhancer on the reproductive system of male rats.

Background And Aim: Alongside the advancement of various modern treatments, attention has recently been focused on finding alternative infertility treatments based on diet and herbal medicine. (wild pistachio; Baneh) is a plant species traditionally known as a libido booster and sexual enhancer.

Experimental Procedure: The study aim was to evaluate the effects of a -enriched diet on the functions of the reproductive system of male rats.