Global estimates of the burden of injury and illness at work in 2012.

This article reviews the present indicators, trends, and recent solutions and strategies to tackle major global and country problems in safety and health at work. The article is based on the Yant Award Lecture of the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) at its 2013 Congress. We reviewed employment figures, mortality rates, occupational burden of disease and injuries, reported accidents, surveys on self-reported occupational illnesses and injuries, attributable fractions, national economic cost estimates of work-related injuries and ill health, and the most recent information on the problems from published papers, documents, and electronic data sources of international and regional organizations, in particular the International Labor Organization (ILO), World Health Organization (WHO), and European Union (EU), institutions, agencies, and public websites.

Computer-assisted pathological immunohistochemistry scoring is more time-effective than conventional scoring, but provides no analytical advantage.

Aims: Interpretation of immunohistochemistry is primarily done through human visual scoring while computer-assisted scoring is relatively uncommon. This study aimed to examine (i) the level of agreement between human visual and computer-assisted pathological scoring of immunoreactivity expression in colorectal cancers, (ii) whether computer-assisted scoring affects the prognostic significance of biomarkers, and (iii) whether computer-assisted pathological scoring provides any time-saving or reproducibility advantages.

Methods And Results: Tissue microarray blocks were constructed from the primary colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens of 486 patients.

Voice abnormality in adults with congenital and adult-acquired growth hormone deficiency.

Context: Adult males with congenital, untreated, severe GH deficiency (GHD) due to genetic GHRH receptor deficiency exhibit distinctive, high-pitched, and raspy voice characteristics.

Objective/design: To determine the physical underpinning of this phenomenon, we performed voice recordings, translarynx impedance measurements, spectral analysis, and estimates of spectral complexity [approximate entropy (ApEn)] in four affected men. Results were compared with those obtained in four men with untreated adult-onset GHD and a normal male population.

Spectral pattern complexity analysis and the quantification of voice normality in healthy and radiotherapy patient groups.

Vocal fold functionality may alter in response to direct radiotherapy or indirectly by perturbation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Perceptual assessment of voice quality is difficult to summarise in a single, reliable figure of normality and normality itself is undefined. In this study spectral analysis of vocal fold vibration, based on impedance variations measured across the larynx using an electro-glottogram, is used to build a single parameter description of standard vowel phonation in the normal male population.