Risk score for malignancy in patients with suspicious gallbladder lesions: Retrospective analysis of 175 cases.

Background: Among cancers, carcinoma gallbladder has one of the most dismal prognosis. Early lesions are difficult to biopsy because of proximity to luminal structures and risk of biliary peritonitis. However, early surgery offers the only chance of a complete cure.

Double burden of malnutrition among women of reproductive age: Trends and determinants over the last 15 years in India.

Introduction: Double burden of malnutrition (DBM) has been recognized by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as an emerging Global Syndemic characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of both undernutrition and overnutrition. Women of the reproductive age group (15 to 49 years) are disproportionately affected by DBM and are at high risk of continuing the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition. This study aims to assess the changing trends and determinants of DBM among women of the reproductive age group in India.

Modeling Zero-inflated Count Data Using Generalized Poisson and Ordinal Logistic Regression Models in Medical Research.

Objectives: In medical research, the study's design and statistical methods are pivotal, as they guide interpretation and conclusion. Selecting appropriate statistical models hinges on the distribution of the outcome measure. Count data, frequently used in medical research, often exhibit over-dispersion or zero inflation.

Comparable outcomes with low-dose and standard-dose horse anti-thymocyte globulin in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia.

Background: The standard dose (SD) of horse anti-thymocyte globulin (hATG) ATGAM (Pfizer, USA) or its biosimilar thymogam (Bharat Serum, India) for the treatment of Aplastic Anemia (AA) is 40 mg/kg/day for 4 days in combination with cyclosporine. Data on the impact of hATG dose on long-term outcomes are limited. Here, we describe our comparative experience using 25 mg/kg/day (low-dose [LD]) hATG for 4 days with SD for the treatment of AA.

Extent of Smartphone Addiction and its Association with Physical Activity Level, Anthropometric Indices, and Quality of Sleep in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Smartphone addiction among young adults is a growing concern that is often underestimated despite its significant health hazards. The objective of this study was to assess the extent of smartphone addiction and its association with physical activity level, anthropometric indices, and quality of sleep in young adults.

Material And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 allied health sciences undergraduates of a tertiary care medical school in Puducherry, South India.

Survival outcomes of epithelial ovarian cancer treated at a tertiary-level hospital in India.

Background: One needs to choose wisely between primary neoadjuvant chemotherapy and primary cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer. The aim was to determine the recurrence free survival and overall survival after surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer and also the risk factors for recurrence and death.

Methods: Electronic medical records of 322 women operated for ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal cancer between 2011 and 2015table were reviewed.

Effects of complete revascularization according to age in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease (COMPLETE-AGE).

Background: In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), complete revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces major cardiovascular events compared with culprit-lesion-only PCI. Whether age influences these results remains unknown.

Methods: COMPLETE was a multinational, randomized trial evaluating a strategy of staged complete revascularization, consisting of angiography-guided PCI of all suitable nonculprit lesions, versus a strategy of culprit-lesion-only PCI.

Clinical significance of end of induction measurable residual disease monitoring in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A single center experience.

The assessment of measurable residual disease (MRD) has emerged as a powerful prognostic tool for both pediatric and adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the prognostic relevance of the end of induction MRD in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B ALL) patients. The study included 481 patients who underwent treatment for B ALL between August 2012 and March 2019 and had their MRD at the end of induction assessed by flow cytometry.

Low Serum Hepcidin Levels in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis - Implications for Treatment of Co-existent Iron-Deficiency Anemia.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is often associated with anemia. Hepcidin, the central regulator of iron homeostasis, is known to be induced by inflammation and suppressed by anemia. It is not clear how hepcidin is affected in those with UC, when both inflammation and anemia may co-exist.

Quantification of Organophosphorus Insecticide Removed by Gastric Lavage in Acutely Poisoned Patients: An Observational Study.

Introduction: The effectiveness of gastric lavage in organophosphorus (OP) poisoning has not been established. We assessed the ability of gastric lavage to remove OP insecticides as a preliminary stage in assessing effectiveness.

Patients And Methods: Organophosphorus poisoning patients presenting within 6 hours were included, irrespective of prior gastric lavage.

Trends in prevalence and determinants of severe and moderate anaemia among women of reproductive age during the last 15 years in India.

Background: Anaemia is a serious global public health problem that disproportionally affects children, adolescent girls, and women of reproductive age, especially pregnant women. Women of reproductive age are more vulnerable to anaemia, particularly severe and moderate anaemia leads to adverse outcomes among pregnant women. Despite continuous Government efforts, anaemia burden still poses a serious challenge in India.

Comparison between the demographic shift clinical severity and outcome of the first two waves of COVID-19 in pregnancy in a tertiary hospital in India.

Objective: To study and compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 in pregnancy during the two waves of the pandemic in India.

Methods: This observational, retrospective cohort study on pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection was conducted in a 2700-bed tertiary referral center in South India from March 1, 2020 to June 30 2021. The clinical presentation, severity, and maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 were compared between the two waves.

Exact correction factor for estimating the OR in the presence of sparse data with a zero cell in 2 × 2 tables.

In case-control studies, odds ratios (OR) are calculated from 2 × 2 tables and in some instances, we observe small cell counts or zero counts in one of the cells. The corrections to calculate the ORs in the presence of empty cells are available in literature. Some of these include Yates continuity correction and Agresti and Coull correction.

Reduction in prevalence of spousal physical violence against women in India: evidence from three national surveys.

Spousal physical violence (PV) against women is considered to be major health issue in developing countries. Lifetime physical violence is a composite outcome consists of hit, kick, beat, slap and threatened with weapon, perpetrated by the husband. The study aims to examine changes in prevalence and specific risk factors for PV from 1998 to 2016 in India.

Effectiveness of GnRH Agonist Short Protocol Versus GnRH Antagonist Protocol in POSEIDON Groups 3 and 4: a Retrospective Cohort Study.

The aim of this study is to compare the ART (assisted reproductive technology) outcomes and cancellation rates between GnRH antagonist protocol and GnRH agonist short protocol in POSEIDON (Patient-Oriented Strategy Encompassing IndividualizeD Oocyte Number) groups 3 and 4. It is a retrospective cohort study conducted in the Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery of a tertiary-level hospital. Women who underwent ART treatment with either GnRH antagonist or GnRH agonist short protocol with fresh embryo transfer, between January 2012 and December 2019 belonging to POSEIDON 3 and 4 groups, were included.

Occult Omental Metastasis in Gastric Adenocarcinoma: An Analysis of Incidence, Predictors, and Outcomes.

Negine Paul  Traditionally, the concept of complete omentectomy during gastric resection for cancer was based on lymphatic drainage and the occurrence of occult omental metastasis (OM). However, recent emerging evidence has challenged this concept of complete omentectomy. We, therefore, aim to find the incidence and risk factors of occult OM and also evaluate the outcome of patients with and without such metastasis.

Study protocol: 'a large cohort study of postnatal events in a not-for-profit referral centre in Vellore, South India'.

Introduction: In a large developing country, with diverse population characteristics and differential access to healthcare, it is important to identify factors that influence postnatal health. This knowledge will help frame recommendations to enhance universal postnatal care.

Methods And Analysis: A prospective cohort study will be conducted by recruiting all participants who deliver in a referral centre in South India during a 1-year period after written consent is obtained from them.

Feasibility, safety and oncological outcomes of minimally invasive oesophagectomy following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma - Experience from a tertiary care centre.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) has improved the resectability and survival of operable oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aimed to study if nCRT for OSCC makes minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIO) technically more challenging and if the peri-operative and oncological outcomes are acceptable for MIO following nCRT.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of patients with OSCC (cT1-2N1-2, cT3-4aN0-2) treated with nCRT and MIO between 2013 and 2019 was performed.

Genotype of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis from a tertiary care center in India.

Background: Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) refers to non-syndromic ichthyosis caused by mutations in one of the 13 identified genes. There are limited data on the genotype of ARCI and its phenotypic correlation from India.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterize the genotype of ARCI among patients from the Indian subcontinent.