Understanding the Perception of Place and Its Impact on Community Violence.

In this article, we explore the responses of 357 African American men between 15- and 24-years old living in four high crime high violence cities to better understand their perception of their environment and its impact on community violence. We focus on study participants' perceptions of their cities, explanations of violence, and their perceived contribution to the level of violence. Respondents describe their cities in grim terms with few opportunities.

Pulmonary Hemorrhage in the Neonate.

Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a pathology associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly among preterm infants in the NICU. The diagnosis is made when hemorrhagic secretions are aspirated from the trachea concurrent with respiratory decompensation that necessitates intubation or escalated support. The implementation of mechanical ventilation and widespread exogenous surfactant administration have significantly reduced respiratory morbidities.

Pregnancy, Birthing, and Postpartum Experiences During COVID-19 in the United States.

The research aims of this project were to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnancy, birthing, and postpartum experiences in the United States. Our data include responses from 34 states within the US. Findings from our analyses indicate that higher perceived social support predicted higher scores of well-being, while higher scores of perceived loneliness predicted lower scores of well-being, and higher trauma predicted lower well-being measured as satisfaction with life.

Revisiting economic threat and cultural concerns: Public opinion toward immigration and non-citizens by race.

This research examines opinions on issues related to immigration and non-citizens. Using ordered logit, this study assesses whether the cultural theory and realistic group conflict theory, through cultural considerations and economic threat, respectively, describes best the opinions across racial groups. Unlike most other studies on the subject, I find that while Americans are not very much concerned about cultural influences from immigrants, they clearly perceive immigrants as an economic threat.

Evaluation of Seasonal Changes in Fitness, Anthropometrics, and Body Composition in Collegiate Division II Female Soccer Players.

Peart, AN, Nicks, CR, Mangum, M, and Tyo, BM. Evaluation of seasonal changes in fitness, anthropometrics, and body composition in collegiate division II female soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 32(7): 2010-2017, 2018-The purpose of this study was to investigate anthropometrics, body composition, aerobic and anaerobic fitness of collegiate Division II female soccer players throughout a calendar year.

Prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus in prenatal screening cultures.

Recommendations for the perinatal treatment of women colonized with Streptococcus agalactiae include vancomycin prophylaxis for those with severe penicillin allergies and antibiotic-resistant organisms. Because of potential postpartum infections due to vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and the possible spread of vancomycin resistance, the prevalence of VRE in prenatal screening cultures was determined.

Sequential treatment including high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell support in patients with high-risk stage II-III breast cancer: outpatient administration in community cancer centers.

The authors determined outcomes for patients with localized high-risk breast cancer undergoing sequential outpatient treatment with conventional-dose adjuvant therapy, chemotherapy, and growth factor mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) and high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with PBSC support in community cancer centers. Ninety-six patients with stage II-IIIB noninflammatory breast cancer with 10 or more positive lymph nodes and a median age of 46 years (range, 22-60 years) were treated with: 1) doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and methotrexate (AFM), four courses at 2-week intervals; 2) cyclophosphamide (4 g/m2) and etoposide (600 mg/m2) (CE), followed by filgrastim (6 microg/kg per day) and PBSC harvest; and 3) cyclophosphamide (6 g/m2), thiotepa (500 mg/m2), and carboplatin (800 mg/m2) (CTCb), followed by PBSC infusion. All 96 patients received AFM, 95 (99%) received CE, and 95 (99%) received CTCb with a median hospital stay of 12 days (5-34 days) for all phases of treatment.

High-dose chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell infusion in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of outpatient treatment in community cancer centers.

The outcomes for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treated with high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) infusion by practicing oncologists in community cancer centers in the United States were determined. Eighty-three patients with NHL, who had failed conventional chemotherapy, underwent mobilization of PBSC with chemotherapy and a recombinant growth factor in an outpatient facility. At a median of 40 days (range 26-119) after mobilization chemotherapy all received carmustine (300 mg/m2 x 1), etoposide (150 mg/m2 twice a day x 4 days), cytarabine (100 mg/m2 twice a day x 4 days) and cyclophosphamide (35 mg/kg x 4 days) (BEAC) followed by infusion of unmanipulated PBSC in an outpatient facility.

Quality assurance study of bacterial antigen testing of cerebrospinal fluid.

Bacterial antigen testing (BAT) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by latex agglutination is a low-yield procedure in patients whose CSF specimens have normal laboratory parameters. Between August 1992 and August 1994, we evaluated 287 bacterial antigen (BA) test requests to determine whether yields could be improved and whether patient costs could be reduced by cancelling BAT for those patients with normal CSF parameters (cell count, protein, glucose) after consultation with physicians. A total of 171 (68%) BA tests were canceled by this approach.

A review of physical exercises recommended for VDT operators.

This paper presents an evaluation of exercises that have been recommended for the prevention of musculoskeletal discomfort among VDT/office workers. 127 individual exercises were analysed for their suitability for performance in VDT workplaces. Additionally, each exercise was judged in terms of its safety and its compliance with principles of physiotherapy.

A comparison of single-versus multi-modal exercise programs: effects on aerobic power.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a 10-week single mode (SM) training program (walk/jog) versus a multimode (MM) training program (walk/jog, cycle, arm crank) on peak aerobic power (VO2 peak) during three ergometry modes. Twenty Ss were stratified initially according to gender and then randomly assigned to either of the treatment groups. Seven additional Ss served as controls.

Monomorphic lymphomas arising in patients with Hodgkin's disease. Correlation of morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular genetic findings in 12 cases.

Patients with Hodgkin's Disease (HD) occasionally develop monomorphic lymphomas in which mononuclear cells, usually large in size, grow in sheets, and in which there are few reacting cells or classic Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells. Twelve patients of this type were reviewed to determine the nature of the monomorphic growth. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from the original diagnostic HD and the monomorphic growths were stained for Leu-M1 (CD15), leukocyte common antigen (LCA, CD45), pan B-cell markers LN1, LN2, and L26, and pan T-cell marker UCHL1 (CD45R) reactive in paraffin-embedded tissues.

Combined small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancer.

Nine (2%) of 429 small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients seen at Vanderbilt University between 1977 and 1983 had a combined subtype SCLC at diagnosis (ie, small-cell carcinoma plus squamous cell or adenocarcinoma). Staging procedures and chemotherapy treatment were uniform for all 429 patients. The diagnosis of combined histology was established via bronchoscopy (six patients), needle aspiration biopsy (one), lymph node biopsy (one), and thoracotomy (one).

Hypoxia: a stimulus for tissue plasminogen activator release in humans?

Six healthy male volunteers between the ages of 22 and 33 years inspired normoxic (20.9% O2) and hypoxic (10% O2) gas mixtures continuously for 15 min on separate days while resting supine. The order of testing was counterbalanced.

Relationship between perceptual style and ability to reproduce a standard work task.

The present study examined the relationship between perceptual style and perception of physical effort. Perceptual style of 10 men and 10 women was assessed by the rod-and-frame apparatus. Perception of physical effort was defined as the difference in heart-rate responses between a standard work task and the subject's self-selected task.

Caffeine alters ventilatory and gas exchange kinetics during exercise.

The purpose of these experiments was to determine the effects of oral caffeine ingestion on the kinetics of oxygen uptake (VO2), expired carbon dioxide output (VCO2), and expired ventilation (VE) in the transition from rest to exercise. Nine male subjects underwent three repetitions of constant load cycle ergometer exercise (approximately 80% ventilatory threshold) on two occasions. A single blind experimental procedure was followed, with one trial being performed 60 min after the subject ingested caffeine (7 mg X kg-1), while the second trial required the subject to ingest a placebo with the treatment order being counterbalanced.

An immunologic assessment of brain-associated IgG in senile cerebral amyloidosis.

Frontal and occipital lobes were taken within four hours of death from four senile patients (77-94 years) and frozen at -70 degrees C. After thawing at room temperature, gray and white matter were separated and subjected to sequential elution at pH 7.4 and pH 2.

Coagulation and fibrinolytic responses to exercise and cold exposure.

This study examined the effect of acute cold exposure on coagulation (PTT) and fibrinolysis (ELT), and the effect of cooling on subsequent exercise-induced coagulation and fibrinolytic responses. Ten male volunteers were tested at 5 degrees C and 28 degrees C on alternate days. Each subject began by sitting quietly for 60 min.