Vessel Density around Foveal Avascular Zone as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Detecting Preclinical Diabetic Retinopathy: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters in diabetic retinopathy (DR) using an updated software with 3D projection artifact removal. : In this cross-sectional observational study, 192 eyes of 111 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 55 eyes of 34 age-matched healthy subjects were included. Diabetic patients were divided into three subgroups: without DR, with mild non-proliferative DR, and with moderate-to-severe non-proliferative DR.

Peripapillary Vessel Density In Unilateral Preperimetric Glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate vessel density (VD) of radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC) and structural alterations in patients with unilateral preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 13 untreated patients with unilateral PPG. PPG eyes had larger excavation and abnormal thinning of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and/or ganglion cell complex (GCC) compared with fellow eyes (F).

Full-thickness macular hole formation following anti-VEGF injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: Macular hole (MH) is part of a group of age-related degenerative diseases characterized by pathology of vitreomacular interface. Similarly, neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) affects older patients and is a leading cause of irreversible visual loss. The purpose of this case series is to describe the development of full-thickness MH in patients with nAMD, following antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment.

Critical Appraisal on Orbital Decompression for Thyroid Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Literature Search.

Introduction: Orbital decompression is the indicated procedure for addressing exophthalmos and compressive optic neuropathy in thyroid eye disease. There are an abundance of techniques for removal of orbital bone, fat, or a combination published in the scientific literature. The relative efficacy and complications of these interventions in relation to the specific indications remain as yet undocumented.

Glaucoma associated with the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Transient or permanent elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) is a common complication following vitreoretinal surgery. Usually secondary glaucoma, which develops after scleral buckling procedures, or pars plana vitrectomy for repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, is of multifactorial origin. It is essential, for appropriate management, to detect the cause of outflow obstruction.

Comparison of Goldmann and Pascal tonometry in relation to corneal hysteresis and central corneal thickness in nonglaucomatous eyes.

Objective: To compare measurements obtained by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and Pascal dynamic contour tonometry (DCT), and to study their relationship to corneal thickness and biomechanical properties in nonglaucomatous eyes.

Methods: This is a prospective and randomized study of 200 eyes from 200 non-glaucomatous subjects who underwent intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements by GAT and DCT. The two methods were compared and assessed for agreement by means of the Bland-Altman plot.

Full Thickness Macular Hole Closure after Exchanging Silicone-Oil Tamponade with C(3)F(8) without Posturing.

Purpose: To report a case of macular hole closure after the exchange of a silicone-oil tamponade with gas C(3)F(8) 14%.

Method: A 64-year-old female patient with a stage IV macular hole underwent a three-port pars-plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling. Due to the patient's chronic illness (respiratory problems), a silicone-oil tamponade was preferred.

Triamcinolone-assisted vitreous imaging using B-scan ultrasonography.

Purpose: To evaluate the echographic vitreoretinal patterns before and after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone (IVTA) in eyes with opaque media and several pathologies.

Methods: One eye with pseudophakic cystoid macular edema and two eyes with postoperative endophthalmitis and opaque media were examined using B-scan ultrasonography, before and after 0.1 mL ITVA (4 mg Kenacort).

Association between corneal hysteresis and central corneal thickness in glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous eyes.

Purpose: We aimed to determine corneal hysteresis values (CH) using the ocular response analyser (ORA) in non-glaucomatous and glaucomatous eyes and their relationship with central corneal thickness (CCT).

Methods: Corneal hysteresis, intraocular pressure (IOP) as measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and CCT were prospectively evaluated in 74 non-glaucoma subjects with IOP < 21 mmHg and in 108 patients with treated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). One eye in each subject was randomly selected for inclusion in the analysis.

Secondary management and outcome of massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage.

Purpose: To present the results of secondary surgical treatment of five patients with massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage (MSCH), which occurred intraoperatively, postoperatively, or following ocular trauma.

Methods: Five patients presenting with MSCH were included in this study during or after phacoemulsification surgery (1 patient), glaucoma surgery (1 patient), combined glaucoma and phacoemulsification surgery (2 patients), and after traumatic sclera rupture (1 patient). Diagnosis was confirmed by ophthalmoscopy and B-scan ultrasonography.

Fibrinogen and detached retina with or without proliferation.

Purpose: Fibrinogen is a multifunctional molecule, participating in processes such as wound healing, inflammation and cell proliferation. Therefore a comparative study of plasma fibrinogen levels was performed on patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy after RRD (PVR).

Method: Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured preoperatively in three groups of patients; twenty-two (n=22) patients from the ORL department of our hospital, serving as a control group; twenty-eight (n=28) patients with RRD; and twenty (n=20) patients with PVR after RRD.

Long-term results after drainage of premacular subhyaloid hemorrhage into the vitreous with a pulsed Nd:YAG laser.

Objective: To investigate the effects of drainage of premacular subhyaloid hemorrhage into the vitreous with an Nd:YAG laser in a large series of patients with long-term follow-up.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 21 eyes with a circumscribed premacular subhyaloid hemorrhage of various causes. These eyes were treated with a pulsed Nd:YAG laser to drain the entrapped blood into the vitreous.

[Effect of induced hyperglycemia on contrast sensitivity function in insulin-dependent diabetic patients].

Acute hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus is often associated with transient subjective visual disturbances that have not yet been objectively evaluated. We used a contrast sensitivity (CS) test to assess functional visual disturbances in provoked hyperglycemia in 20 patients with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes (40 eyes) with no evidence of diabetic retinopathy and with intact visual acuity (age: 32 +/- 8.2 years, duration of diabetes: 11.

[Risk factors for surgical failures in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment].

Background: The evaluation of further risc factors predesposing failure in retinal detachment surgery than those already known to be associated with PVR was the goal of this retrospective study.

Patients And Methods: The data from 130 cases with unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated initially with buckling procedures, were retrospectively reviewed to investigate pre-, intra- and postoperative factors which may predispose anatomical failure in retinal detachment surgery. None of the selected consecutively operated eyes had risk factors, which have already been associated with an unfavourable outcome, such as the presence of preoperative macular holes, PVR or assumed PVR-inducing factors, such as ocular trauma, giant retinal tears, vitreous hemorrhage, previous vitrectomy, cryopexy and laser photocoagulation.

Cotton-wool spots as the initial ocular manifestation in Wegener's granulomatosis.

Various ocular manifestations have been described in Wegener's granulomatosis. Orbital involvement is common and manifestations in the anterior segment of the eye such as keratitis, scleritis, and conjunctivitis may occur. Involvement of the posterior segment presenting with major vascular occlusions or anterior ischemic neuropathy is rare.

[Secondary angle-block glaucoma in posterior scleritis].

Posterior scleritis is an often misdiagnosed disease of the eye. Mainly it appears in elderly women and tends to be recurrent. Symptoms leading to diagnosis are swelling of the eye lids, a red eye, disturbances of the motility and protrusio bulbi.

[Clinical use and results of trans-scleral Nd-YAG cyclophotocoagulation in therapy-refractory glaucoma].

We report on our results of transscleral Nd-YAG-cyclophotocoagulation on 27 eyes with refractory glaucoma. Cyclophotocoagulation was performed with similar parameters according to our findings of morphological investigation in normal human donor eyes. 9 eyes had hemorrhagic glaucoma, 10 eyes had secondary glaucoma after intraocular silicone oil tamponade because of proliferative diabetic retinopathy or because of complicated retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.