A Structurally Simple Polymer Donor Enables High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Minimal Energy Losses.

Energy loss (Eloss) between optical energy gap (Eg) and open-circuit voltage (eVoc) sets efficiency upper limits for organic solar cells (OSCs). Nevertheless, further breaking the limit of Eloss in OSCs is challenging, especially via structurally simple materials in binary OSCs. Herein, a structurally simple non-halogenated polymer donor, namely PBDCT, is developed for realizing high-efficiency OSCs with record-breaking Eloss.

Identification and mechanism analysis of biomarkers related to butyrate metabolism in COVID-19 patients.

Background: Butyrate may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and affect the development of COVID-19. However, there have been no systematic comprehensive analyses of the role of butyrate metabolism-related genes (BMRGs) in COVID-19.

Methods: We performed differential expression analysis of BMRGs in the brain, liver and pancreas of COVID-19 patients and controls in GSE157852 and GSE151803.

Impact of intrarenal arterial lesions on prognosis of IgA nephropathy: insights from a retrospective cohort study.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) presents a challenging spectrum of outcomes, often complicated by intrarenal arterial/arteriolar lesions (IALs) in affected individuals. Despite their clinical relevance, existing criteria for classifying and assessing the severity of these lesions remain undefined. This study aimed to establish semi-quantitative assessment criteria for grading IALs and to evaluate their prognostic significance in patients with IgAN.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with family history of chronic airway disease.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition with different risk factors, including family history. This study aimed to explore association between a family history of chronic airway disease and features and outcomes of COPD.

Methods: Participants were obtained from the RealDTC study between December 2016 and December 2022.

Adrenomedullin Inhibits the Efficacy of Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Biliary Tract Cancer by Disrupting Endothelial Cell Functions.

The global incidence of biliary tract cancer (BTC) is on the rise, presenting a substantial healthcare challenge. The integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with molecularly targeted therapies is emerging as a strategy to enhance immune responses. However, the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of these treatments in BTC are still largely unexplored.

Decoding Alzheimer's Disease With Depression: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Target.

The purpose of this study was to recognise predictive biomarkers and explore the promising therapeutic targets of AD with depression. We confirmed a positive correlation between AD and depression through MR Analysis. Through WGCNA analysis, we identified 1569 genes containing two modules, which were most related to AD.

Ability and utility of the Physician Well-Being Index to identify distress among Chinese physicians.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of mental stress among physicians, reliable screening tools are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the capability of the Physician Well-Being Index (PWBI) in identifying distress and adverse consequences among Chinese physicians.

Methods: This cross-sectional online survey recruited 2803 physicians from Southern Mainland China snowball sampling between October and December 2020.

Aggregation-Induced Photosensitization of Long-Chain-Substituted Osmium Complexes for Lysosomes Targeting Photodynamic Therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for cancer treatment. Seeking organelle-targeting photosensitizers (PSs) with robust reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is extremely in demand. Herein, we propose an aggregation-induced photosensitization strategy for effective PDT with osmium complexes.

Revealing a Heavy-Atom Assisted Rotation Mechanism in the H + NHCl Multi-Channel Reaction.

Identifying atomic-level mechanisms in elemental chemical reactions is crucial for understanding complex reaction processes. This study focuses on the typical multichannel H + NHCl reaction, which plays a significant role in environmental science. High-level ab initio calculations determined seven distinct reaction pathways, leading to three product channels: H + NHCl, HCl + NH, and Cl + NH.

Inducible regulating homologous recombination enables precise genome editing in Pichia pastoris without perturbing cellular fitness.

The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (also known as Komagataella pastoris) is an ideal host for producing proteins and natural products. Enhancing homologous recombination (HR) is helpful for improving the precision of genome editing, but results in stress to cellular fitness and is harmful for industrial applications. To overcome these challenges, we developed a tetracycline repressor protein (TetR)/tetO2 inducible system to dynamically regulate the HR-related gene RAD52 in P.

Nasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage among hospitalized patients before and after COVID-19 pandemic in a regional hospital in taiwan.

Background: Strict mask wearing and handwashing were implemented in hospital settings during COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. To explore if nasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage rate among inpatients in the hospital changed before and after COVID-19, we conducted this study.

Methods: Patients who were admitted to a regional hospital in central Taiwan during one week in 2012 and 2023, respectively, were enrolled.

An Overview of Predictive Biomarkers and Detection Approaches for Immunotherapy Response in GI Malignancies.

This review provides an in-depth exploration of the evolving role of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, with a particular focus on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their associated predictive biomarkers. We present a detailed analysis of established biomarkers, such as PD-L1, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), and the tumor microenvironment (TME), as well as emerging biomarkers, including gut microbiota and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The predictive value of these biomarkers in guiding clinical decision-making and optimizing immunotherapy outcomes is thoroughly discussed.

First Report of Goji Fruit Rot Caused by in Ningxia, China.

Goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) is a fruit with high nutritional and medicinal value, widely cultivated in northwest China (Wang et al. 2023).

Cell-free supernatant of Clostridium leptum inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation.

Breast cancer has emerged as the leading cause of global cancer incidence, surpassing lung cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that probiotics exhibit inhibitory effect on breast cancer progression, highlighting the need to identify gut flora-derived probiotics with potential anti-breast cancer properties. Here, we investigated the effect of the cell-free supernatant of C.

Salvinia-Effect-Inspired Magneto-Responsive Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Cluster-Distributed Microcilia Array.

Inspired by the "Salvinia effect", a novel method for fabricating a magneto-responsive superhydrophobic surface coated with a cluster-distributed cilia array (CC-MRSS) was reported. This surface features a magnetically self-assembled nonuniform microcilia array and demonstrates exceptional microdroplet hydrophobicity, magnetic-responsive wettability, and corrosion resistance. The fabrication process involved mixing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and carbonyl iron powders (CIPs), followed by dividing the mixture into two parts.

Programmable 2H-MoTe FGFET-Based CMOS Array.

A programmable 2H-MoTe floating-gate field-effect transistor (FGFET)-based complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) array has been fabricated on the grown substrate. Coplanar grown metallic 1T'-MoTe serves as the source and drain electrodes. The conductive type of the 2H-MoTe channel is manipulated by a top-gate engineering method.

In situ global mapping of protein perturbations via protein abundance and conformation analysis.

Background: Traditional studies of protein responses to external stimuli primarily focus on changes in protein abundance, often overlooking the critical role of protein conformational alterations. To address this gap, we developed Protein Abundance and Conformation Analysis (PACA), an integrative method that quantifies both protein abundance and conformational changes. PACA combines conventional quantitative proteomics for abundance measurements with Target Response Accessibility Profiling (TRAP), a technique that captures conformational changes in situ by applying reductive dimethylation to label accessible lysine residues in living cells before lysis.

One-step colorimetric immunosensing of foodborne bacteria using static magnet driven magnetophoretic separation and dual noble metal decorated magnetic nanobeads.

Background: Immunomagnetic separation is essential for screening pathogenic bacteria to prevent food poisoning. However, free immunomagnetic nanobeads (IMNBs) coexist with IMNB-bacteria conjugates (IBCs) after traditional immunomagnetic separation resulting in the infeasibility for IMNBs on IBCs to further act as signal label in bacterial detection. Although we have demonstrated that magnetophoretic separation at a high flowrate could separate IBCs from IMNBs, partial IMNBs were still found with IBCs due to chaotic flows and resulted in inevitable interferences.

Ratio fluorescence and smartphone-assisted colorimetry dual-mode detection of creatinine based on F, B, N-doped of red fluorescent carbon dots.

Background: Creatinine is a small molecule disease biomarker that reflects kidney function, accurate and effective detection of creatinine will play an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Currently, commonly used creatinine detection methods are limited by expensive instruments, complex sample preparation, many interference factors from biological samples, and environmental factors that can affect the accuracy of the measurement. Therefore, developing a fast, simple, inexpensive, sensitive analysis method that can eliminate background interference and provide multi-detection modes has strong attraction and value.