Prospective Study to Evaluate the Role of Dual Point Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiation of Brain Tumoral from Nontumoral Tissue: A Magnetic Resonance/PET Study.

Background And Purpose: Follow-up imaging of gliomas is crucial to look for residual or recurrence and to differentiate them from nontumoral tissue. Positron emission tomography (PET)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the problem-solving tool in such cases. We investigated the role of dual point contrast (DPC)-enhanced MRI to discriminate tumoral from the nontumoral tissue compared to PET-MRI taken as the gold standard.

Evaluating the Diagnostic Efficacy of Tc-Methionine Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography-Computed Tomography: A Head-to-Head Comparison with C-Methionine Positron Emission Tomography-Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Glioma Patients.

Amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging plays a significant role in the diagnosis of gliomas and in differentiating tumor recurrence from necrosis. In this study, the authors evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of [Tc]Tc-methionine single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) in comparison with [C]methionine PET-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in delineating tumors. Thirty-one (primary: 16 and postoperative: 15) patients of confirmed (either MRI or histopathological proven) glioma underwent both [Tc]Tc-methionine SPECT-CT and [C]methionine PET-MRI.

Role of whole body MRI in paraneoplastic/autoimmune syndromes: An MRPET study to standardize protocols, pattern interpretation, and establish yield of MRI.

Imaging a case of autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) can be challenging as the underlying tumor may be occult. The aim of this retrospective case-based study is to evaluate role of whole-body MRI/Positron emission tomography (PET) in workup of AIE. Standardizing the whole-body MRI/PET protocol, Cross modality yield with serology and magnetic resonance/PET (MR/PET) and finally highlight the advantage of hybrid MR/PET.

Role of magnetoencephalography in predicting the epileptogenic zone and post-operative seizure outcome - A retrospective study.

Purpose: Study assessed the role of MSI in predicting the post-operative seizure outcome.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent MEG and epilepsy surgery and had a minimum 6 months of postoperative follow-up. Concordance of MEG cluster with post-surgical resection cavity was classified as follows Class I) Concordant and region-specific, Class II) Concordant and region non-specific, Class III) Concordant lateralization only and Class IV) Discordant lateralization.

Alzheimer's Disease Is Associated with Increased Network Assortativity: Evidence from Metabolic Connectivity.

Unraveling the network pathobiology in neurodegenerative disorders is a popular and promising field in research. We use a relatively newer network measure of assortativity in metabolic connectivity to understand network differences in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), compared with those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Eighty-three demographically matched patients with dementia (56 AD and 27 MCI) who underwent positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET-MRI) study were recruited for this exploratory study.

Localisation of eloquent cortex using magnetoencephalography and its clinical implications.

Objectives: This study aimed to localise the eloquent cortex and measure evoked field (EF) parameters using magnetoencephalography in patients with epilepsy and tumours near the eloquent cortex.

Methods: A total of 41 patients (26 with drug-refractory epilepsy and 15 with tumours), with a mean age of 33 years, were recruited. Visual evoked field (VEF), auditory evoked field (AEF), sensory evoked field (SSEF), and motor-evoked field (MEF) latencies, amplitudes, and localisation were compared with those of a control population.

A Rare Case of Asymmetric Progressive Supra Nuclear Palsy Diagnosed with Magnetic Resonance/Positron Emission Tomography.

PSP and CBD are usually multi system sporadic disorders characterized by tau inclusions in neurons and glia. The clinical and neuroimaging features are different .However in some cases overlapping of features are noted.

Resting-State Functional MRI/PET Profile as a Potential Alternative to Tri-Modality EEG-MR/PET Imaging: An Exploratory Study in Drug-Refractory Epilepsy.

 The study explores whether the epileptic networks associate with predetermined seizure onset zone (SOZ) identified from other modalities such as electroencephalogram/video electroencephalogram/structural MRI (EEG/VEEG/sMRI) and with the degree of resting-state functional MRI/positron emission tomography (RS-fMRI/PET) coupling. Here, we have analyzed the subgroup of patients who reported having a seizure on the day of scan as postictal cases and compared the findings with interictal cases (seizure-free interval).  We performed independent component analysis (ICA) on RS-fMRI and 20 ICA were hand-labeled as large scale, noise, downstream, and epilepsy networks (Epinets) based on their profile in spatial, time series, and power spectrum domains.

Role of Multivoxel MR Spectroscopy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy - A Preliminary Study.

Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP] is a neurodegenerative condition with characteristic clinical and imaging features.

Aim: This is an exploratory MRS study to look at metabolic changes that occur due to the disease by using MR spectroscopic methods in subtypes of the PSP, that is, classic [PSP-c] and Parkinsonian [PSP-p].

Materials And Methods: A total of 12 PSPs subjects were included in this study, of which 8 subjects were clinically diagnosed as PSP-C and 4 subjects with PSP-P.

Is Thalamic Lesion a Contributing Factor for Inappropriate Sexual Behavior in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment?

Thalamus is a group of nuclei located deep inside the brain, well known for its sensory and cognitive functions. However, its role in the reward and behavior regulation is less explored. In this case series, we have presented four cases with inappropriate sexual behaviors (ISB) that are temporally related to thalamic infarction.

Reflected image processing abnormalities in dementia - a case series and review.

Dementia is a neurodegenerative condition with progressive decline in cognitive faculties and associated with different clinical phenomena. Mirror phenomenon in terms of both mirror agnosia and mirror image agnosia wherein there is difficulty in processing and perception of reflected images is not uncommonly seen, and understanding the same can contribute to early diagnosis and prognostication. We report two elderly women with Alzheimer's dementia and frontotemporal dementia, respectively, presenting with features of abnormalities in mirror image processing.

CURVED MULTIFORMAT IMAGING OF STRUCTURAL MRI AS A BIOMARKER FOR PROFILING OF VARIOUS DEMENTIA - AN ALGORITHMIC APPROACH WITH MR/PET.

Background: Dementia is one of the most common clinical entities for which neuroimaging is done for diagnosis and characterization of the sub-types.

Objective: Advanced neuroimaging modalities like MR-PET have added to the armamentarium of the neuroradiologists for the diagnosis of specific types of dementia syndromes. However, advanced molecular imaging is expensive and is not widely available particularly in underdeveloped countries.

Novel insights into the genetic profile of hereditary spastic paraplegia in India.

The Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by length dependent degeneration of the corticospinal tracts. Genetic data related to HSPs are limited from India. We aimed to comprehensively analyse the phenotypic characteristics and genetic basis of a large cohort of HSP from India.

Rasmussen's encephalitis: Imaging spectrum on simultaneous FDG-PET and MRI imaging correlation.

Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare, chronic, idiopathic, progressive, inflammatory, neurodegenerative disease process and typically seen in pediatric cohort. Although primarily a disease affecting children, adult cases with RE have also been reported. It manifests as drug refractory epilepsia partialis continua (EPC).

Posterior Quadrant Disconnection for Childhood Onset Sub-Hemispheric Posterior Head Region Epilepsy: Indications in an Indian Cohort and Outcome.

Background: Posterior quadrant disconnection (PQD) is an under-utilized surgical technique in the management of refractory epilepsy. There is a dearth of data pertinent to post-PQD seizure outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patients with drug-resistant childhood-onset epilepsy who underwent PQD at our center from 2009 to 2018.

Can High b Value Diffusion Be a Surrogate Marker for PET-A MR/PET Study in Neurooncology Set Up.

Hybrid whole-body magnetic resonance/positron emission tomography (MR/PET) systems are new diagnostic tools enabling the simultaneous acquisition of morphologic and multiparametric functional data, which allow for a diversified characterization of oncological diseases. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic ability of MRI with the diffusion-weighted image (DWI), and simultaneous integrated positron emission tomography MR/PET to detect malignant lesions and elucidate the utility and limitations of these imaging modalities in preoperative and postoperative follow up in cancer patients. A total of 45 patients undergoing simultaneous MR/PET for CNS ICSOL in our institution between January 2016 and July 2020 were considered in this study.

Homozygous PLA2G6 (PARK 14) gene mutation associated neuropsychiatric phenotypes from southern India.

PLA2G6 gene associated neurodegenerative disorders resulting from homozygous c. 2222G > A (p.Arg741Gln) mutation were detected in two cases having variable neuropsychiatric phenotypic and imaging findings.

Magnetic source imaging in presurgical evaluation of paediatric focal drug-resistant epilepsy and its predictive value of surgical outcome in lesional cases: A single-centre experience from South India.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the utility of magnetoencephalography in presurgical planning and in predicting post-surgical seizure outcome.

Methods: This study included a cohort of 231 children (1-18 years) with focal drug-resistant epilepsy who underwent MEG as a part of their presurgical workup. Characteristics of MEG observations were described in all children.

Incremental Utility of Tc-99m Glucohepatonate Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography over F-Flourodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Diagnosis of Brain Tumor Recurrence - Old is Gold.

Detection of recurrence of a brain tumor after treatment is one of the most important and challenging diagnostic problems in neuro-oncological practice. In spite of technical advances in imaging modalities, sometimes, certain clinical presentations and manifestations can lead to a diagnostic dilemma even with the best of the technical know-how. We present a case of recurrence of anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (World Health Organization Grade III), where the patient's initial clinical presentation and the F-18 flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) magnetic resonance imaging findings were suggestive of stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy syndrome.

Hydrocephalic Dementia: Revisited with Multimodality Imaging and toward a Unified Imaging Approach.

 Overlap of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and pathology proven cases of dementia is known. The objective of this paper is to correlate both the clinical and multimodality imaging findings in patients with imaging diagnosis NPH and give a hypothesis for association of clinical findings.  This is a retrospective observational analysis of 13 cases patients who were referred to molecular imaging center for imaging in 2016 to 2019, and they were divided into four groups based on structural imaging findings.