The Belowground-Aboveground Interactions of Zucchini: The Effects of Strain T22 on the Population and Behavior of the Aphid Glover and Its Endoparasitoid Viereck.

Fungi belonging to the genus have received high consideration in agriculture due to their beneficial effects on crops from their plant promotion effects and protection from disease. A role of fungi in triggering plant defense mechanisms against insect pests, either directly or by natural enemy attraction, has been proposed, even if the results in different studies are controversial. In this present study, using zucchini plants as a model species, we investigated the effects of strain T22 plant inoculation on the cotton aphid and its endoparasitoid .

Carbon Dioxide Targets in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Target values for arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO 2 ) in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are unknown. We hypothesized that lower PaCO 2 values on ECMO would be associated with lighter sedation. We used data from two independent patient cohorts with ARDS spending 1,177 days (discovery cohort, 69 patients) and 516 days (validation cohort, 70 patients) on ECMO and evaluated the associations between daily PaCO 2 , pH, and bicarbonate (HCO 3 ) with sedation.

[COVID-19 in the intensive care unit].

The acute respiratory failure as well as ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) have challenged clinicians since the initial description over 50 years ago. Various causes can lead to ARDS and therapeutic approaches for ARDS/ARF are limited to the support or replacement of organ functions and the prevention of therapy-induced consequences. In recent years, triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen, numerous cases of acute lung failure (C-ARDS) have emerged.

Viable Campylobacter jejuni on Eggshells and Its Potential to Cross-contaminate Egg White and Yolk When Using a Manual Separation Technique, Determined by Culture and Propidium Monoazide (PMA) qPCR.

Manual separation of egg yolk from egg white using the eggshell is common practice in private households. For this, the egg is cracked and both components are separated by passing the egg yolk back and forth between the two halves of the eggshell, allowing the egg white to drip down while the egg yolk remains in the shell. During this process, the egg content naturally gets in contact with the outside of the eggshell, which might lead to a cross-contamination with its microorganisms, thus was correspondingly assessed in this study.

Changes in the Microbiota from Fresh to Spoiled Meat, Determined by Culture and 16S rRNA Analysis.

Growth of meat microbiota usually results in spoilage of meat that can be perceived by consumers due to sensory changes. However, a high bacterial load does not necessarily result in sensory deviation of meat; nevertheless, this meat is considered unfit for human consumption. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate changes in the microbiota from fresh to spoiled meat and whether the proportions of certain bacteria can probably be used to indicate the hygiene status of meat.

Alternative Ecological Products for Aphid Control on Plum.

Ecological farming is increasing worldwide, as more and more consumers prefer chemical-free fruits. As a result, ecological farming is becoming increasingly appealing to European farmers, including those in Romania. However, implementing an effective ecological phytosanitary program remains a challenge for farmers due to limited options and a lack of information about their effectiveness.

[When mechanical ventilation fails-Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation].

Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is predominantly being used as a rescue strategy in patients with acute lung failure, suffering from severe oxygenation and/or decarboxylation impairment. Cannulas introduced into the central veins lead blood through a membrane oxygenator in which it is oxygenated via sweep gas (pO up to 600 mm Hg) flow, eliminating CO. According to the largest randomized studies carried out so far, the two most important indications for VV-ECMO are hypoxic respiratory failure (paO2 < 80 mm Hg for more than 6 h) and refractory hypercapnia (pH < 7.

[Interhospital critical care transport].

Critically ill patients in need of specialized diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, but are being cared for in a hospital without such equipment, have to be transferred to appropriate centers without discontinuation of current critical care (interhospital critical care transfer). These transfers are resource intensive, challenging, and require high logistical effort, which must be managed by a specialized and highly trained team, predeployment planning and efficient crew-resource management strategies. If planned adequately, interhospital critical care transfers can be performed safely without frequent adverse events.

The Bio-Patina on a Hypogeum Wall of the Matera-Sassi Rupestrian Church "San Pietro Barisano" before and after Treatment with Glycoalkaloids.

The investigation focused on the deterioration of the walls in the hypogeum of "San Pietro Barisano" rupestrian church, located in the Matera-Sassi (Southern Italy), one of the UNESCO World Heritage sites. The study evaluated the biocide activity of a mixture of natural glycoalkaloids (GAs) extracted from the unripe fruit of and applied to clean a hypogeum wall surface in the church affected by bio-patinas. The analyzed bio-patina, collected before treatment and, at pre-established times, after treatment, showed changes in chemical composition detected by XPS, accompanied by visible discoloration and biological activity variation.

Effects of Below-Ground Microbial Biostimulant on Diseases, Insect Community, and Plant Performance in L. under Open Field Conditions.

Agrochemicals are generally used in agriculture to maximize yields and product quality, but their overuse can cause environmental pollution and human health problems. To reduce the off-farm input of chemicals, numerous biostimulant products based on beneficial symbiont plant fungi are receiving a great deal of attention. The evolution of plant diseases and the performance of insects are influenced by plant chemical defences, both of which are, in turn, influenced by below-ground symbionts.

Respiratory Physiology of COVID-19 and Influenza Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

There is ongoing debate whether lung physiology of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) differs from ARDS of other origin. : The aim of this study was to analyze and compare how critically ill patients with COVID-19 and Influenza A or B were ventilated in our tertiary care center with or without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We ask if acute lung failure due to COVID-19 requires different intensive care management compared to conventional ARDS.

Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and quantitative screening of phytochemicals of L. and Cham. mother tinctures.

The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of L. and Cham. mother tinctures against a range of foodborne bacteria were investigated to determine the major components and to analyse the action spectrum and antimicrobial effectiveness of the extracts.

A simple method for the isolation of cold-tolerant Clostridium spp. from meat samples.

Pure isolates of Clostridium spp. are required when further investigations are needed, such as the characterisation of the colonies, sporulation and germination, biochemical analysis, growth rate and growth conditions, toxin production, spoilage potential and genomic profile. However, the isolation of cold-tolerant Clostridium spp.

Investigations on Fungi Isolated from Apple Trees with Die-Back Symptoms from Basilicata Region (Southern Italy).

Val d'Agri is an important orchard area located in the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy). A phenomenon affecting cv. "Golden Delicious" apples which lead to tree death has been observed in the past several years in this area.

Effects of Strain T22 on the Arthropod Community Associated with Tomato Plants and on the Crop Performance in an Experimental Field.

Fungi belonging to the genus have received much attention in recent years due to their beneficial effects on crop health and their use as pest control agents. activates direct plant defenses against phytophagous arthropods and reinforces indirect plant defense through the attraction of predators. Although the plant defenses against insect herbivores were demonstrated in laboratory experiments, little attention has been paid to the use of spp.