Anti-hyperuricemia effect of Clerodendranthus spicatus: a molecular biology study combined with metabolomics.

Hyperuricemia (HUA), a metabolic disease caused by excessive production or decreased excretion of uric acid (UA), has been reported to be closely associated with a variety of UA transporters. Clerodendranthus spicatus (C. spicatus) is an herbal widely used in China for the treatment of HUA.

Efficacy evaluation and metabolomics analysis of Huanglian Jiedu decoction in combination with donepezil for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive disease with continuous brain changes and has caused a severe burden on families and society. Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HLJD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula that can improve AD animals' cognitive impairment. This study recruited 50 AD patients who were divided into two groups, one receiving donepezil (DON) treatment and the other receiving DON + HLJD treatment for 3 months.

Effect of monochromatic light on light adaptation and opsin expression in .

Light has a substantial effect on the behaviour and physiology of nocturnal moths. is a major nocturnal tea pest in China, and light traps are commonly used to control geometrid moths because of their positive phototaxis. However, some moths gather around light traps and enter the light adaptation state, which decreases the efficacy of light traps in controlling this pest.

Decoding psychosis: from national genome project to national brain project.

The mind has puzzled humans for centuries, and its disorders, such as psychoses, have caused tremendous difficulties. However, relatively recent biotechnological breakthroughs, such as DNA technology and neuroimaging, have empowered scientists to explore the more fundamental aspects of psychosis. From searching for psychosis-causing genes to imaging the depths of the brain, scientists worldwide seek novel methods to understand the mind and the causes of its disorders.

Post-hoc power analysis: a conceptually valid approach for power based on observed study data.

Power analysis is a key component of planning prospective studies such as clinical trials. However, some journals in biomedical and psychosocial sciences request power analysis for data already collected and analysed before accepting manuscripts for publication. Many have raised concerns about the conceptual basis for such post-hoc power analyses.

Scutellarein induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in ovarian cancer via inhibition of EZH2/FOXO1 signaling.

Scutellarein, a flavone found in the perennial herb Scutellaria baicalensis, has antitumorigenic activity in multiple human cancers. However, whether scutellarein can attenuate ovarian cancer (OC) is unclear. This study investigated the effects of scutellarein in OC.

A rapid analysis method of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) using combination of computer vision and near-infrared.

The quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in the market is uneven due to the problems of dyeing and adulteration of safflower, and there is no perfect standard for the classification of quality grade of safflower at present. In this study, computer vision (CV) and near-infrared (NIR) were combined to realize the rapid and nondestructive analysis of safflower.

Guidance for use of weights: an analysis of different types of weights and their implications when using SAS PROCs.

SAS and other popular statistical packages provide support for survey data with sampling weights. For example, PROC MEANS and PROC LOGISTIC in SAS have their counterparts PROC SURVEYMEANS and PROC SURVEYLOGISTIC to facilitate analysis of data from complex survey studies. On the other hand, PROC MEANS and many other classic SAS procedures also provide an option for including weights and yield identical point estimates, but different standard errors (SEs), as their corresponding survey procedures.

Investigation of the distributional homogeneity on chlorpheniramine maleate tablets using NIR-CI.

Homogeneity is the basic element of pharmaceutical analysis. Distributional Homogeneity Index (DHI) was proposed to assess the distributional homogeneity of commercial chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) tablets. Furthermore, the divergence value of DHI value from expectation DHI (value = 1) was calculated to obtain the CPM distributional homogeneity.

Relationship between Omnibus and Post-hoc Tests: An Investigation of performance of the F test in ANOVA.

Comparison of groups is a common statistical test in many biomedical and psychosocial research studies. When there are more than two groups, one first performs an omnibus test for an overall difference across the groups. If this null is rejected, one then proceeds to the next step of post-hoc pairwise group comparisons to determine sources of difference.

Executive Function Features in Drug-naive Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder.

Background: Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) that is characterized by markedly defiant, disobedient, and disruptive behavior in younger children has been regarded as disruptive behavior disorder (DBD), together with conduct disorder (CD). However, in contrast to CD, ODD does not include severe aggressive or antisocial behavior.

Aim: This study aimed to examine executive function (EF) features of children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).

The Differences and Similarities Between Two-Sample -Test and Paired -Test.

In clinical research, comparisons of the results from experimental and control groups are often encountered. The two-sample -test (also called independent samples -test) and the paired -test are probably the most widely used tests in statistics for the comparison of mean values between two samples. However, confusion exists with regard to the use of the two test methods, resulting in their inappropriate use.

[Quality evaluation method for Chinese medicine based on color grading].

Traditional identification method is an effective approach to evaluate the quality for Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). Color is one of the important indicators for quality evaluation due to high correlation with quality. Therefore, a new theory of quality control for CHM based on color grading was discussed in this article.

PAT: From Western solid dosage forms to Chinese materia medica preparations using NIR-CI.

Near-infrared chemical imaging (NIR-CI) is an emerging technology that combines traditional near-infrared spectroscopy with chemical imaging. Therefore, NIR-CI can extract spectral information from pharmaceutical products and simultaneously visualize the spatial distribution of chemical components. The rapid and non-destructive features of NIR-CI make it an attractive process analytical technology (PAT) for identifying and monitoring critical control parameters during the pharmaceutical manufacturing process.

[Research on NIR-CI parameters optimization of chlorpheniramine maleate tablets based on binary image and statistical measurement].

The optimization method was established to investigate the effect of near infrared chemical imaging (NIR-CI) detection parameters on hyperspectral data quality. In order to optimize the detection parameters, chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) tablets were chosen as examples and the L9(3(4)) orthogonal-test design was adopted to research the effects of spectral resolution, spatial resolution, scan times and scan height. Binary image coupled with statistical measurement was proposed to quantitatively analyze hyperspectral data and determine the content of CPM on the tablet surface.

Micro-electro-mechanical systems/near-infrared validation of different sampling modes and sample sets coupled with multiple models.

The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the reliability of micro-electro-mechanical systems/near-infrared technology by investigating analytical models of two modes of sampling (integrating sphere and fiber optic probe modes) and different sample sets. Baicalin in Yinhuang tablets was used as an example, and the experimental procedure included the optimization of spectral pretreatments, selection of wavelength regions using interval partial least squares, moving window partial least squares, and validation of the method using an accuracy profile. The results demonstrated that models that use the integrating sphere mode are better than those that use fiber optic probe modes.