Calcium phosphate/microgel composites for 3D powderbed printing of ceramic materials.

Composites of microgels and calcium phosphates are promising as drug delivery systems and basic components for bone substitute implants. In this study, we synthesized novel composite materials consisting of pure β-tricalcium phosphate and stimuli-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate-co-vinylimidazole) microgels. The chemical composition, thermal properties and morphology for obtained composites were extensively characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, IGAsorp moisture sorption analyzer, thermogravimetric analysis, granulometric analysis, ESEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and TEM.

Bite angle effects of diphosphines in C-C and C-X bond forming cross coupling reactions.

Catalytic reactions of C-C and C-X bond formation are discussed in this critical review with particular emphasis on cross coupling reactions catalyzed by palladium and wide bite angle bidentate diphosphine ligands. Especially those studies have been collected that allow comparison of the ligand bite angles for the selected ligands: dppp, BINAP, dppf, DPEphos and Xantphos. Similarities with hydrocyanation and CO/ethene/MeOH reactions have been highlighted, while rhodium hydroformylation has been mentioned as a contrasting example, in which predictability is high and steric and electronic effects follow smooth trends.

Enantioselective hydrogenation with self-assembling rhodium phosphane catalysts: influence of ligand structure and solvent.

Three sets of new and related chiral phospholane and phosphepine ligands have been prepared for Rh-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation. The size and substitution pattern of the cyclic monophosphanes were varied. More importantly, the ligands differ in the nature of the heterocyclic group linked to the trivalent phosphorus atom: 2-pyridone or 2-alkoxypyridine.