Self-efficacy and implementation intentions-based interventions on fruit and vegetable intake among adults: impact at 12-month follow-up.

This study tested the effect of theory-based interventions designed to increase fruit and vegetable intake (FVI). Adults (n = 291) were randomized into four groups: implementation intentions (II) group; self-efficacy (SE) group; combination of implementation intentions and self-efficacy (II+SE) group; and a control group receiving written information on nutrition. They were reassessed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 month follow-up.

The impact of self-efficacy and implementation intentions-based interventions on fruit and vegetable intake among adults.

This study tested the effect of interventions designed for people who do not eat yet the recommended daily fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) but have a positive intention to do so. Adults (N = 163) aged 20-65 were randomised into four groups: implementation intentions (II group), self-efficacy (SE group), combination of II + SE group) and a control group receiving written information on nutrition. Study variables were measured at baseline, post-intervention and at 3-month follow-up.

[Iodine deficiency in the Cirque of Salazie (Reunion Island). Analysis of nutritional causes and study of their consequences].

Randomized subjects (n = 294), (35 young children, 6-30 months old--91 children 8.6 +/- 0.7 years, 116 teenagers 13.

Surgery for left-sided pancreatic cancer.

A total of 590 exocrine pancreatic cancers of the body or tail of the pancreas, operated on between January 1982 and December 1988, were analysed. There were 128 pancreatic resections (group 1), 164 palliative bypasses (group 2) and 293 exploratory laparotomies which included 74 splanchnicectomies (group 3). The mortality rate was lower in group 1 (9 per cent) than in group 2 (19 per cent) (P = 0.

Cancer of the exocrine pancreas. A plea for resection.

Background/aims: The aim of this retrospective multicentric study was to compare the results of resections with those of surgical palliative procedures.

Material And Methods: The 3231 patients included had histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and were operated on between 1982 and 1988. Seven hundred eighty-seven underwent surgical resection, and 2444 a palliative procedure.

[Colonic irrigation for colostomies. Results of a national survey among 795 colostomized patients].

Colonic irrigation (CI) represents the procedure of choice for patients with a colostomy. Recent technical advances (irrigation kit) have provided patients with simple, safe and effective material, allowing a new expansion of this old concept. A total of 795 colostomates (from association's data base) were assessed by questionnaires 386 (49%) of them used CI: 43.

[Medicosocial consequences of permanent digestive stomas. A national multicenter retrospective study].

Objectives: To evaluate the medical (sexual dysfunction, psychological adjustment, stoma care) and social (working life, family life, leisure) consequences of definitive ileostomies or colostomies.

Method: From February 1992 to May 1992, 1082 live patients (978 colostomies and 104 ileostomies) who had undergone surgery at least 6 months earlier were assessed in a multicentre national inquiry.

Results: More than 20% of the patients had not been informed before surgery of the possibility of a definitive stoma.

[Surgical managements and cancer of the exocrine pancreas. Survey of the French Association of Surgery].

In a French national enquiry, 3761 cases of cancer of the exocrine pancreas operated between 1982 and 1989 were collected. The aim of the part of the enquiry presented in this study was to define the various surgical attitudes. Surgical techniques significantly differed from one department to an another (P < 0.

Cytotoxicity of anthracyclines: correlation with cellular uptake, intracellular distribution and DNA binding.

In order to interact with topoisomerase II and induce genotoxicity, anthracyclines have to cross the outer cell membrane and the cytoplasm, enter the nucleus, and bind to the DNA. We incubated sensitive and resistant hematopoietic cells from cell lines and patient cells with daunorubicin, idarubicin, and its active derivative idarubicinol, extracted the anthracyclines from whole cells and nuclei, and determined their concentration fluorimetrically. Additionally, the DNA binding of the drugs was evaluated in the same cells by determining fluorescence resonance energy transfer between the anthracyclines and DNA-bound Hoechst dye 33342.

Results of resection for cancer of the exocrine pancreas: a study from the French Association of Surgery.

A multicentre retrospective study was carried out to analyse short- and long-term results of 787 pancreatic resections performed for cancer between 1982 and 1988. The postoperative mortality rate was 10 per cent and the morbidity rate 35 per cent. Age above 70 years and systemic organ failure independently influenced operative mortality.

Surgical palliation for unresected cancer of the exocrine pancreas.

Opinions are still divided regarding the optimal palliative procedures in patients with cancer of the pancreas. This retrospective, multicentric study, involving 2493 patients operated on between January 1982 and December 1988 compares the results of various procedures aimed at palliation for pancreatic cancer. Cholecystoenteric bypasses (n = 237) in comparison to choledochoenteric bypasses (n = 1770) were associated with a higher post-operative mortality (20% vs 14%), a lower long-term morbidity (26% vs 35%), and a lower survival rate (means: 3.

[Clinical characteristics and evolution of permanent digestive ostomies. Results of a nation-wide retrospective survey].

Factors influencing the achievement and the evolution of permanent stomas were determined during a National Inquiry including 1,082 stomas (978 colostomies and 104 ileostomies). This study, although not exhaustive, was representative, giving its statistical value. The principal concepts are well known with regard to the indications of colostomies (cancer) and ileostomies (inflammatory bowel diseases), to age (older in patients with colostomies: 63.

[Medical behaviors and cancer of the exocrine pancreas].

A French national enquiry examined 4,530 cases of cancer of the exocrine pancreas treated from 1982 to 1989. Ultrasonography was performed in 98% of cases. Other radiological or biological investigations varied from one department to another (P < 0.

[Health education and AIDS. A randomized controlled trial].

In 1987 a small health education research team in Montpellier became interested in AIDS prevention among high school students (15-19 years old). Studies at that time indicated that the majority of the youth were relatively well informed about AIDS, for example 99% of those questioned knew that the disease was transmitted by sexual intercourse or by the exchange of contaminated needles. Further studies indicated, however, that the young people did not feel that the subject concerned them personally--it was considered a problem like many others.

[Incidence of endemic goiter on Reunion Island. A search for etiological factors].

In an epidemiological study carried out in Reunion Island, 1,686 randomized school children aged from 11 to 15 years were examined for goitre by cervical palpation. A detailed questionnaire was fully completed by each child and his parents. The iodine level was measured in 168 urinary samples and in the salt and water consumed in the various places investigated.

Precision of skin prick and puncture tests with nine methods.

New devices for puncture tests have been proposed recently, but their precision by comparison to the prick test method is poorly known. Seven puncture tests (Allerprick, Morrow Brown standardized needle, Phazer, Pricker, Stallerpointe, Stallerkit, and Wyeth bifucated needle) were compared with the modified prick test performed with hypodermic or intradermal needles in eight carefully selected normal volunteers. Skin tests with histamine hydrochloride (10 mg/ml) were only performed when there was no factor that might interfere with their interpretation.

[Fluorophotometry of the vitreous body in diabetics without retinopathy or with minimal retinopathy].

Vitreous fluorophotometry using the Fluorotron Master, was performed on the two eyes of 56 diabetics patients 45,65 year-old +/- 14,91 (mean +/- S.D.), duration of diabetes was 15,14 years +/- 9,17; and on one eye of 17 normal subjects 39,18 years old +/- 11,19.

The management of differentiated thyroid cancer in Europe in 1988. Results of an international survey.

In order to know how thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancers are investigated and treated in 1988, an international inquiry was performed by mean of a questionnaire based on a well-defined case report of a 35-year-old female with a solitary small thyroid nodule. Clinicians were asked to indicate their diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the reported case and to some variations. Analysis of the 157 responses from thyroid experts showed that three in vitro tests (sensitive-TSH, free T4 and total T4) and three in vivo tests (99mTc or radioiodide scintiscan, fine needle aspiration and ultrasonography) were performed most frequently.

[Prediction of the response to basic treatment in rheumatoid polyarthritis. Retrospective study apropos of 140 patients].

In order to isolate prognostic factors of the response to basic treatment in the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the authors are comparing, within the scope of a retrospective study of 140 patients, the initial clinical, biological and radiological characteristics of two populations of 70 "responding" and "non responding" patients at the end of a mean course of 48.8 months. As there are significantly more males in the "responding" group, two different statistical studies are conducted for male and female patients.

Skin test reactivity to histamine from infancy to old age.

The skin test reactivity to allergen and histamine differs according to the age of the patients, but complete data from infancy to old age are still lacking. Three hundred sixty-five subjects (1 to 85 years of age, 33.9% atopic, and 50.