Biofeedback rehabilitation in patients with binocular inhibition due to macular disease.

Background: To investigate whether patients with binocular reading inhibition due to central vision loss benefit from a new biofeedback (BF) rehabilitation method that aimed at improving fixation stability and at establishing a correspondence between the monocular preferred retinal loci (PRLs) on functioning retina in both eyes.

Methods: Thirty-three patients with bilateral macular disease and with binocular reading inhibition participated in 10 training sessions consisting of 10-min visual stimulation for each eye to stabilize fixation and relocate the PRL (if needed) using the BF module of the MP-1 microperimeter (Nidek Technologies Srl., Vigonza, PD, Italy).

What Is a Preferred Retinal Locus?

This review examines the concept of the preferred retinal locus (PRL) in patients with macular diseases. Considering monocular and binocular viewing, we () explain how to identify the PRL and discuss the pitfalls associated with its measurement, () review the current hypotheses for PRL development, () assess whether the PRL is the new reference point of the ocular motor system, and discuss () the functional and () the clinical implications of the PRL. We conclude that the current definition of the PRL is probably incomplete and should incorporate the need to evaluate the PRL in the framework of binocular viewing.

Anatomical and functional outcomes of short-term DensironXTRA heavy silicone oil for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments: a comparative case series.

To assess the safety and efficacy of short-term DensironXTRA tamponade for repair of complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD). This is a retrospective consecutive case series of patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with intravitreal DensironXTRA and a comparator group with gas (sulfur hexafluoride (SF) or perfluoropropane (CF)) tamponades by a single surgeon between January 2017 and November 2020 at a tertiary care centre. A total of 121 eyes with DensironXTRA and 81 comparator eyes with a gas tamponade were included.

Binocularity Principles of PRL Development in Patients With Macular Disease.

Purpose: We tested the hypothesis that binocularity requirements for correspondence play a role in establishing the preferred retinal locus (PRL) in macular degeneration.

Methods: Monocular PRL locations in 202 eyes of 101 patients with macular degeneration (79 ± 10 years) were recorded with the MP1 microperimeter. Corresponding PRLs were those with similar polar angle and distance from former fovea in the better eye (BE) and the worse eye (WE).

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease following influenza vaccination.

Purpose: To report a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease following influenza vaccination.

Observations: A 30-year-old Filipino male developed bilateral pain, redness, photophobia, floaters, headache and tinnitus 2 days after receiving the annual influenza vaccine. He presented to the emergency department 5 days after symptom onset.

Binocular visual function and fixational control in patients with macular disease: A review.

For normally sighted observers, the centre of the macula-the fovea-provides the sharpest vision and serves as the reference point for the oculomotor system. Typically, healthy observers have precise oculomotor control and binocular visual performance that is superior to monocular performance. These functions are disturbed in patients with macular disease who lose foveal vision.

Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Siluron2000 with Pars Plana Vitrectomy in the Treatment of Patients with Severe Vitreoretinopathy and Chronic Macular Holes.

Purpose: Silicone oil intraocular retinal tamponade is a useful adjunct to pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in the treatment of complex vitreoretinal conditions. Siluron2000, a modified silicone oil product containing an additional small, high molecular weight and low viscosity, very-long-chain silicone molecule, was developed to reduce post-operative silicone oil emulsification, a non-infrequent complication that occurs with low molecular weight silicone oil. This study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of long-term Siluron2000.

PREOPERATIVE GAS FOR PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY: A SURGICAL TECHNIQUE FOR REPAIR OF RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENTS WITH MULTIPLE, LARGE, OR INFERIOR BREAKS.

Purpose: To describe the role of preoperative gas for pars plana vitrectomy (PGP) as an adjunct to surgical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: This is a retrospective consecutive case series of all rhegmatogenous retinal detachments with multiple breaks in more than one quadrant, large breaks extending greater than one clock hour, and/or inferior breaks requiring PPV, who received intravitreal injection of sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) or perfluoropropane (C 3 F 8 ) 1-2 weeks before PPV between 2016 and 2020 at a tertiary care center.

Results: A total of 109 eyes underwent the PGP technique, 73% of which had macular involvement.

Clinical Significance of Macula-Off Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Preoperative Features on Optical Coherence Tomography.

Background And Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of preoperative spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) features and their association with postoperative outcomes in eyes with primary macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective case series of all consecutive cases undergoing repair of primary macula-off RRD at two tertiary care academic centers between January 2018 to January 2021.

Results: Among 406 eyes, baseline visual acuity (β = 0.

Secondary Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Fixation Using Flanged Prolene Sutures as an Alternative to an Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation.

Purpose: To describe and evaluate the clinical outcomes of the Flanged Prolene Suture intraocular lens fixation (PIF) technique and compare it to anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL) implantation.

Design: A retrospective comparative review.

Methods: A retrospective comparative review of consecutive patients undergoing secondary IOL implantation was performed.

Effect of Disease Progression on the PRL Location in Patients With Bilateral Central Vision Loss.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of disease progression on the monocular preferred retinal locus (PRL) of the better eye (BE) and worse eye (WE) of patients with central vision loss.

Methods: Fifty-one patients with bilateral macular diseases were included. The monocular PRL was recorded for each eye ( = 102 eyes) with the MP-1 microperimeter in two visits that were 458 ± 249 days apart.

Transient Macular Thinning during the Use of Heavy Silicone Oil, Densiron 68.

Background: To evaluate the effect of short-term tamponade on macular thickness.

Methods: Retrospective case series. Data were collected from charts of patients who received short-term (less than 90 days) .

DENSIRON 68 HEAVY SILICONE OIL AS A SHORT-TERM INTRAOCULAR TAMPONADE FOR MACULA-ON INFERIOR RETINAL DETACHMENTS-A CASE SERIES.

Purpose: To describe our experience using short-term heavy silicone oil (Densiron 68) for macula-on inferior rhegmatogenous retinal detachments with inferior retinal breaks.

Methods: Retrospective, consecutive, observational case series. Data were retrospectively collected from the medical records of patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and Densiron 68 endotamponade for macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair.

Orbital Magnetic Resonance Imaging Demonstrates Better Contact between the Gas and Anterior Inferior Retina in Side versus Face-Down Position.

Purpose: To demonstrate the relationship between an intraocular gas bubble, the retina, and the residual intraocular fluid in different head positions using orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 3 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with gas tamponade.

Design: Novel study.

Participants: Patients undergoing PPV with gas-fluid exchange (sulfurhexafluoride [SF] or perfluoropropane [CF]).

Changes in Fixation Stability with Time during Binocular and Monocular Viewing in Maculopathy.

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in fixation stability over time during binocular and monocular viewing in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Seventeen patients with AMD and 17 controls were enrolled. Using an EyeLink eyetracker (SR Research Ltd.

Effect of Visual Feedback on the Eye Position Stability of Patients with AMD.

The sources of the reduced fixation stability exhibited by patients with central vision loss in the light are relatively well understood, but we have no information on how they control eye position in complete darkness, in the absence of visual error signals. We therefore explored the effect of visual feedback on eye position stability by testing patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and controls with normal vision in the light and in complete darkness. Nine patients (ages 67 to 92 years) and 16 controls (ages 16 to 74 years) were tested binocularly in the light and in complete darkness while remembering the location of a now invisible target.

Smooth pursuit of amodally completed images.

In order to evaluate the effect of the parafoveal area of the retina on smooth pursuit, we compared the horizontal smooth pursuit of visible and amodally completed stimuli in people with central vision loss and controls. In the amodally completed stimuli, a black mask covered the bottom vertex of a moving diamond which is the feature whose movement participants had to track. Both the visible and the amodally completed stimuli moved along regular and irregular sinusoidal motion paths.

Fixation parameter test-retest repeatability of the worse eye in central field loss.

Objective: Patients with bilateral central field loss develop peripheral retinal loci (PRLs) in the functional eccentric retina. PRL characteristics and visual performance in the better-seeing eye (BE) of these patients have previously been reported. In this study, we determined the test-retest repeatability of fixation parameters, including fixation stability, PRL eccentricity, and PRL span in the worse-seeing eye (WE).

Image Stabilization in Central Vision Loss: The Horizontal Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex.

For patients with central vision loss and controls with normal vision, we examined the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in complete darkness and in the light when enhanced by vision (VVOR). We expected that the visual-vestibular interaction during VVOR would produce an asymmetry in the gain due to the location of the preferred retinal locus (PRL) of the patients. In the dark, we hypothesized that the VOR would not be affected by the loss of central vision.

The reading accessibility index and quality of reading grid of patients with central vision loss.

Purpose: In this study we evaluated the reading accessibility index (ACC) and a quality of reading grid as assessment tools for reading and as outcome measures for reading rehabilitation of patients with central vision loss.

Methods: Reading performances on the MNRead chart (www.precision-vision.

Failed Pneumatic Retinopexy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair in Ocular Albinism: Clues to the Role of Melanin in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Pump Function.

The authors report the first case, to their knowledge, of failed pneumatic retinopexy (PR) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair in a patient with ocular albinism (OA). The failure of PR to spontaneously resolve the subretinal fluid and reattach the retina in this case is suggestive of a deficiency in subretinal fluid reabsorption by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). These findings suggest that in cases of RRD in OA, primary PR should be avoided since this procedure relies on an adequately functioning RPE pump to reabsorb subretinal fluid prior to laser retinopexy.

Mechanisms of Image Stabilization in Central Vision Loss: Smooth Pursuit.

Significance: In addition to understanding the adaptive mechanisms of eccentric viewing during smooth pursuit, the ocular motor adaptations of patients with central vision loss give us a better understanding of the basic mechanisms of smooth pursuit in the healthy visual system.

Purpose: For patients with age-related macular degeneration and controls with normal vision, we examined the closed-loop gain of horizontal and vertical smooth pursuit eye movements as a function of stimulus speed and direction. We hypothesized that pursuit gain functions would be affected by stimulus speed and the location of the preferred retinal locus (PRL) in relation to the scotoma as determined by a fixation stability task using a microperimeter.

Fixation Stability and Viewing Distance in Patients with AMD.

Purpose: People with normal vision perform activities of daily living binocularly, while changing viewing distance frequently and effortlessly. Typically, in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), fixation stability is recorded with monocular instruments at a fixed viewing distance (i.e.