The Clinical Profile and Long-Term Outcome of Children with Membranous Nephropathy, and the Evaluation of Anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibody Immunohistochemistry in Kidney Biopsy.

Introduction: Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN) is a rare cause of nephrotic syndrome in children (1%-7%). Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLAR) antibody positivity in kidney biopsy is observed in 52%-78% of adults and 45% of children with iMN. The objectives of the study are to analyze the clinical profile and outcome of membranous nephropathy in children, to assess the prevalence of anti-PLAR immunohistochemistry (IHC) in kidney biopsy, and to correlate their presence with disease characteristics.

User-acceptability of an automated telephone call for post-operative follow-up after uncomplicated cataract surgery.

Background: Innovative technology is recommended to address the current capacity challenges facing the NHS. This study evaluates the patient acceptability of automated telephone follow-up after routine cataract surgery using Dora (Ufonia Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom), which to our knowledge is the first AI-powered clinical assistant to be used in the NHS. Dora has a natural-language, phone conversation with patients about their symptoms after cataract surgery.

Is MDCT an accurate tool to differentiate between benign and malignant etiology in diffuse peritoneal disease?

Purpose: There is often considerable overlap of imaging findings in benign and malignant peritoneal diseases. We evaluated patients with diffuse peritoneal disease, to assess the diagnostic value of MDCT in predicting benign or malignant etiology in patients with unknown etiology, by analyzing the various patterns of involvement, particularly tuberculosis (TB) vs malignancy.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-six patients with diffuse peritoneal disease who had abdominal CT and subsequently underwent omental biopsies were included in the study.

Intravitreal injections as a leading cause of acute postoperative endophthalmitis-a regional survey in England.

Background: To evaluate the characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes of acute postoperative endophthalmitis.

Methods: Patients presenting with acute postoperative endophthalmitis between January 2017 to December 2019 were identified from hospital records in this multicentre retrospective cohort study. Clinical records were reviewed for visual acuity (VA) at various timepoints, cause of endophthalmitis, microbiological results, treatments and complications.

Papillorenal syndrome: a systemic diagnosis not to be missed on funduscopy.

A 45-year-old man presented to the ophthalmology department with visual symptoms in his left eye. Almost two decades ago, he required a renal transplant for focal segmental glomerular sclerosis and a detailed enquiry revealed a strong family history of renal and ocular disease. Fundus examination demonstrated significant optic disc dysplasia in his left eye and optical coherence tomography showed intraretinal fluid bilaterally.

The Role of Frozen Section in the Rapid Diagnosis of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions.

Context: Early diagnosis is the mainstay in the management of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) to drugs.

Aims: To study the role of frozen section in the rapid diagnosis of SCARs and the impact on outcome of the affected patients.

Settings And Design: A single-blind, hospital-based study was conducted from December 2014-July 2016.

Restructuring Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic to Allow Social Distancing Outpatient Clinics (SDOC).

Background: COVID-19 has had a major impact on health-care provision. Social distancing will impact the organization of outpatient clinics (OCs) and require general restructuring of health care.

Methods: Our retinal team participated in a structured fact-finding session to implement social distancing of patients and staff in wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) clinics.

Secondary Bacterial Infection of a Solitary Cysticercus Granuloma.

The most common presenting form of neurocysticercosis in the Indian subcontinent is a solitary cysticercus granuloma (SCG). Patients with typical SCGs almost never require any form of surgical intervention. Herein, we report an extremely rare case of bacterial superinfection of a left frontal SCG in a 23-year-old female, resulting in severe perilesional edema and mass effect.

Nephropathic cystinosis presenting with uveitis: Report of a "Can't See, Can't Pee" situation.

Nephropathic cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal disease characterized by accumulation of pathognomonic cystine crystals in renal and other tissues of the body. Cystinosis is caused by mutant cystinosin, the cystine transport protein located in lysosomal membranes, leading to systemic deposits of cystine and resultant end organ damage. Cystinosis is rarer in Asians than Caucasians with only a handful of cases reported from India to date.

Unmasking and successful management of light chain deposition disease of kidney in pregnancy: a complex case, mirroring the complex needs of pregnancy with kidney disease in India.

Pregnancy offers a precious window of opportunity to diagnose previously undetected or new onset kidney diseases in emerging countries like India, where access to medical, educational and health care facilities are not equitably distributed across varied sections of society. We report a case of a 33 year-old primi gravida who had a successful pregnancy following what was initially considered to represent preeclampsia at 38 weeks of gestation, in whom a subsequent kidney biopsy for persistence of pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (Pr-AKI) revealed light chain deposition disease (LCDD). The etiological evaluation of LCDD led to the detection of an underlying plasma cell dyscrasia which was treated effectively with chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant.

Silicone oil mimicking pathology on CT imaging.

An 81-year-old man was taken to Accident & Emergency after a fall. CT brain imaging demonstrated a well-defined, homogenous, hyperdense mass in the posterior segment of the left eye. Reported as vitreous haemorrhage, an urgent ophthalmological assessment was instigated.

Gastric Glomus Tumour Misdiagnosed as Gastric Carcinoid: An Unfamiliar Entity with Aids to Diagnosis and Review of Literature.

Glomus tumour (GT) is a rare mesenchymal tumour of the stomach with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour (GIST), leiomyoma and schwannoma being far more common and comprising more than 90% of all gastric mesenchymal tumours. As glomus bodies are located in the peripheral parts of the human body, these tumours are peripherally located, classically the subungual region, hands, feet and trunk. While being evaluated for renal problems, a middle aged lady was incidentally found to have a gastric tumour.

Late-onset acute graft-versus-host disease mimicking hand, foot, and mouth disease.

Acute skin graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) classically presents as a pruritic erythematous maculopapular rash. We describe a patient who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and presented with a hand foot and mouth disease like clinical presentation. Histopathology was suggestive of acute GVHD.

Idiopathic choroidal neovascularisation in pregnancy: treatment options and a successful outcome.

Choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) is a major cause of visual loss and treatment options aim to halt progression and stabilise vision. We describe a 29-year-old woman who presented with blurred vision and distortion in her left eye while 26 weeks pregnant. She was diagnosed with idiopathic CNV and multiple treatment options were discussed.

Harlequin Ichthyosis: Prenatal Diagnosis of a Rare Yet Severe Genetic Dermatosis.

Harlequin Ichthyosis (HI) is an extremely rare genetic skin disorder. It is the most severe type of ichthyosis. It is characterized by thickened, dry, rough and armor like plates of skin with deep cracks in between.

TRANSCLERAL DRAINAGE OF SUBRETINAL FLUID, ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR, AND WIDE-FIELD IMAGING-GUIDED LASER IN COATS EXUDATIVE RETINAL DETACHMENT.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined transscleral drainage of subretinal fluid (SRF) with intravitreal bevacizumab and laser photocoagulation in the management of advanced Coats disease (Stage 3) with exudative retinal detachment.

Design: Retrospective interventional case series.

Methods: Retrospective case review of eight eyes in eight children with advanced Coats disease manifested as total or subtotal retinal detachment.

An early and rare second malignancy in a treated glioblastoma multiforme: is it radiation or temozolomide?

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a high-grade brain tumour with the most dismal prognosis. There are very few reports on second malignancies occurring in GBM patients, as the survival has been short. Second malignancies have been reported after treatment of malignancies with radiation therapy and chemotherapy especially after 5 to 10 y of treatment.

A rare case of bilateral cystic nephroma associated with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the penile urethra.

Bilateral cystic nephroma is an extremely rare benign renal neoplasm. Here we present a case of bilateral cystic nephroma in a four month old boy who subsequently developed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the urethra. Both tumors were successfully treated.

Hyaline globules in fine-needle aspiration smears of salivary gland neoplasms.

Most salivary gland neoplasms can be accurately diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration cytology. Few cases present with overlapping cytomorphological features, so accurate distinction in these cases may be difficult. We describe a case of pleomorphic adenoma that had a close resemblance to adenoid cystic carcinoma on smears due to presence of numerous hyaline globules and bare nuclei.

Visual outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy with epiretinal membrane peel in patients with uveitis.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy with epiretinal membrane (ERM) peel, with or without internal limiting membrane peel, in patients with uveitis.

Methods: Retrospective interventional case series of patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy with ERM peel between January 2005 and March 2012. Sixteen consecutive patients (16 eyes) were identified, with a minimum postoperative follow-up of 6 months.

Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma: a case report from India.

We report a 14-year-old Indian boy who presented with a history of weight loss, fever, facial edema, and a relapsing papulovesicular eruption on the face and limbs for 1 year. Histopathology of the skin showed dense lymphoid infiltrate from dermis to subcutaneous fat. Immunohistochemistry of this lymphoid infiltrate was CD3, CD8, CD56, CD57, Granzyme B, TIA, and Epstein Barr virus LMP1.