Optimal dosing interval of intravenous Colistin monotherapy versus combination therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We aimed to maximize the clinical response and effectiveness of colistin antibiotics in patients with multi-drug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacteria, there is an increasing interest in colistin combination therapy with other antibiotics and extended interval dosing regimens. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim is to evaluate if the combination therapy is superior to monotherapy with colistin regarding increased survival and also which dose interval is the most effective to utilize. English language, peer-reviewed journal publications from the first date available to 25 January 2022 were identified by searching the PubMed and Web of Science databases.

Validating a Drug-Related Problems Classification System in Outpatient Setting in Iran.

Objective: Medication Therapy Management service (MTMs) has been introduced to improve cooperation among pharmacists and other healthcare professionals in the management of chronic diseases, drug therapy, and patients on polypharmacy. One part of MTMs is detection and resolution of possible drug-related problems (DRPs). Nowadays, numerous DRPs classification systems are available, but due to some defects none of them are currently accepted and implemented universally.

Comparing effects of different routes of heparin administration on the serum biomarkers of thrombosis.

Background: Association between thrombosis pathogenesis and inflammatory conditions has been reported. Also inflammatory biomarkers have been proposed for prediction of thrombosis events.

Objectives: Effects of different methods of heparin administration (subcutaneous vs continuous infusion) as thromboprophylaxis on the biomarkers of thrombosis have been evaluated.

Comparing safety of heparin as continuous intravenous infusion and multiple subcutaneous injections.

Aim: In this study, safety of two methods of unfractionated heparin administration for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis was compared in critically ill surgical patients.

Methods: A total of 50 surgical critically ill patients randomly assigned to either subcutaneous unfractionated heparin 5000 units three-times a day or continuous intravenous infusion; 625 IU/h. During the intensive care unit (ICU) stay, patients' hemodynamic parameters, laboratory tests, symptoms and signs of thrombosis and bleeding were monitored closely.

Antibiotic regimens for treatment of infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens: An evidence-based literature review.

Evidences regarding the efficacy of different antibiotic regimens proposed for treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens have been reviewed. Available data in Scopus, Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane central register of controlled trials, and Cochrane database of systematic reviews have been collected. Several antibiotic regimens are proposed for treatment of MDR Gram-negative infections (defined as nonsusceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories).

Heparin and related drugs for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: subcutaneous or intravenous continuous infusion?

In this article, the most evidenced approaches of unfractionated heparin administration for prevention of venous thromboembolism in medical and surgical hospitalized patients will be reviewed. Present data were collected by searching Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, Science direct, Clinical trials and Cochrane database systematic reviews. Subcutaneous low doses of unfractionated heparin (10000-15000 IU) in two or three divided doses per day are commonly administrated for venous thromboembolism prevention in different medical and surgical populations.

Safely treating hepatitis C in patients with HIV or hepatitis B virus coinfection.

Introduction: There are several clinical trials and prospective studies which support the use of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients. In this review, the safety of DAAs in HCV patients coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or HIV has been evaluated.

Areas Covered: All available prospective studies, clinical trials and congress abstracts in the English language that assessed the safety and efficacy of DAAs in HCV coinfections have been considered.

Potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in critically ill patients.

Aim: To review potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in critically ill patients.

Methods: The data were collected by searching Scopus, PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Clinical trials and Cochrane database systematic reviews. The keywords used as search terms were 'vitamin D', 'critically ill patients', 'ICU' and 'sepsis'.