Proposed computed tomography severity index for the evaluation of invasive fungal sinusitis: Preliminary results.

Background: Invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) can present as a mild disease to life-threatening infection. A recent surge in cases was seen due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many patients require surgical debridement and hence imaging [contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the paranasal sinuses (PNS)] to document the extent of the disease.

Malignant Degeneration of a Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in the Neck Region.

Malignant transformation of neurofibromas into malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) is a rare but aggressive phenomenon, particularly in the head and neck region, and is associated with a poor prognosis. The primary treatment modality is surgical excision, often followed by radiotherapy. This is a case report of MPNST in the neck, with long-term follow-up.

Challenges in the Cytodiagnosis of Intraparotid Schwannoma.

Clear cell tumors of parotid gland encompass a wide spectrum of neoplasms, including benign and malignant epithelial neoplasms. Additionally, tumors from adjacent structures such as paraganglioma, and metastatic neoplasms may also show clear cells. Overlapping cytological features may cause difficulty in diagnosis.

Oral Candida-biome and Early Childhood Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Candida is a common fungal pathogen in the oral cavity, with Candida albicans being the most prevalent species. Some studies report a correlation between Candida prevalence and dental caries experience in preschoolers, while others report no such association. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association of Candida-biome with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in preschool children.

Comparison of Two-Dimensional IOTA Simple Rules and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography in Preoperative Assessment of Adnexal Masses.

 Accurate preoperative characterization of adnexal masses is essential for optimal patient management. Two-dimensional ultrasonography (USG) based "International Ovarian Tumuor Analysis Simple Rules (IOTA-SR)" are used primarily in clinical practice. Three-dimensional (3D) USG is an emerging modality.

Comparison of Home Sleep Devices and Sleep Study Testing in Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Patients.

Objective: Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) is an implantable therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Therapy efficacy is currently confirmed by a formal sleep study after empiric adjustment by the patient at home based on their subjective experience with the device. Home-based longitudinal apnea hypopnea index (AHI) measurements have the potential to refine HGNS therapeutic amplitude selection with objective data.

Diagnostic performance of ultrasound reporting systems in evaluation of adnexal masses: A prospective observational study.

Objective(s): To evaluate and compare diagnostic performance of ultrasound-based reporting systems IOTA SR, ADNEX, GIRADS, ORADS for discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses.

Study Design: A prospective observational study in a tertiary care hospital's Obstetrics and Gynaecology department evaluated pre-operative ultrasound imaging for adnexal masses in 80 cases, comparing various reporting systems' sensitivity and specificity against histopathology as gold standard using STATA version 17.0 for data analysis.

Pre-vascular Facial Nodes: Sentinel Station for Metastasis in Gingivobuccal Complex Cancers.

Background: Pre-vascular facial nodes (PV-FNs; perifacial lymph nodes) are supra-mandibular lymph nodes above the inferior border of the mandible. These are not part of routine neck dissection done for OCSCC. These lymph nodes can be sentinel station for metastatic lymph nodes from gingivobuccal complex cancers and are missed during routine neck dissection.

Multidisciplinary Consensus for Rationalizing the Use of Acid Suppressants in Children and Adults: CONFOR.

Unlabelled: The use of acid suppression therapy (AST) is a common approach for managing a wide spectrum of acid peptic disorders. Histamine type 2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most widely prescribed AST in routine clinical practice. However, an exponential surge in the prescriptions of PPIs, such as Omeprazole, Esomeprazole, Pantoprazole, Lansoprazole in recent years and their associated adverse effects have raised concern about their inappropriate and overuse, both in children and adults.

Outcome Reporting in Prospective Studies Evaluating Neurostimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objective: Due to the controversy surrounding the appropriate outcomes in neurostimulation, we sought to systematically describe ways in which polysomnography and apnea-hypopnea index are reported in prospective studies involving unilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation.

Data Sources: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Library, and Scopus.

Review Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) Statement guidelines, a systematic two-reviewer system was used for study screening and quality assessment.

Patient accessibility and utilization of behavioral sleep medicine referrals in an academic center.

Study Objectives: Behavioral sleep medicine (BSM) is a subspecialty that combines behavioral psychology and sleep medicine specialties. The objective of this study was to analyze referral patterns to a BSM clinic. The 3 specific aims were: (1) describe factors that predict referral acceptance, (2) identify barriers to attending initial appointment, and (3) describe variables associated with the number of visits attended.

Endemic pediatric fungal infections in India: clues to diagnosis.

This review is intended to familiarize readers with an emerging group of fungal infections that mostly manifest in immunocompetent individuals. This group was initially considered endemic to the tropics, but increasing worldwide prevalence has been reported. The organisms have been divided into dominant non-invasive forms and dominant invasive forms for ease of understanding.

Randomized clinical trial to compare three fluoride varnishes in preventing early childhood caries.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of two 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnishes containing casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) (MI Varnish) or tricalcium phosphate (TCP) (Clinpro White) to the conventional 5% NaF varnish (Duraphat®) in preventing early childhood caries (ECC) in high-risk preschool children.

Methods: A double-blinded, randomized controlled trial recruited healthy 3-4-year-old children (N = 582) having at least one carious lesion (pre-cavitated or cavitated) after obtaining written informed consent from parents. Using a computer-generated random-number table, children were assigned to one of the 3 groups: Control group (n = 196): 5% NaF varnish (Duraphat®) or two test groups: 5% NaF with TCP (Clinpro™ White) (n = 193) and 5% NaF varnish with CPP-ACP (MI Varnish™) (n = 193) to receive quarterly (every 3 months) application over 24 months.

Characterization of tumors of jaw: Additive value of contrast enhancement and dual-energy computed tomography.

Background: Currently, the differentiation of jaw tumors is mainly based on the lesion's morphology rather than the enhancement characteristics, which are important in the differentiation of neoplasms across the body. There is a paucity of literature on the enhancement characteristics of jaw tumors. This is mainly because, even though computed tomography (CT) is used to evaluate these lesions, they are often imaged without intravenous contrast.

A Protocolized Approach to Awake Endoscopy With Advanced Programming to Optimize Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation.

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation is a treatment option for patients with obstructive sleep apnea who are intolerant to positive airway pressure therapy. In the post-implant period, awake endoscopy with advanced programming (AEAP) can be employed to optimize apnea-hypopnea index reduction and/or patient comfort and usage. The report herein describes awake endoscopy with AEAP as a guide to providers involved in post-implant care.

Impact of the 2023 FIGO Staging System for Endometrial Cancer on the Use of Imaging Services: An Indian Perspective.

The new 2023 update of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for endometrial cancer incorporates the advances made in the understanding of the pathology and molecular classifications into the staging system. While the new staging system aids in precision medicine and may lead to better documentation of prognostic risk categories of endometrial cancer, it is complex and calls for an integrated approach and better communication between multiple disciplines involved in the management of endometrial cancer. In this review article, we address how the referral patterns to imaging services might change considering the updated staging system for endometrial cancer.

Mesenchymal stem cells and thermal annular procedures for discogenic pain: a systematic review with pooled analysis.

Compare the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell injection therapies (MSC) and thermal annular procedures for the treatment of discogenic lower back pain. A systematic review was performed following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Pooled analysis was performed using patients' pain scores at baseline and at 12 months post-intervention.