Radiomic Parameters in Periapical Lesions: A CBCT Analysis Evaluating Volumetric Size, Cortical Expansion, Erosion, and Shape.

Objective: To investigate significant differences in selected radiomic parameters when classifying periapical lesions based on volumetric size, cortical expansion, erosion, and shape using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).

Methods: A retrospective analytical and comparative study was conducted on 100 small field of view (FOV) 50×50 mm CBCT scans collected between the years 2018 and 2023. The study involved qualitative classification of periapical lesions, followed by segmentation and extraction of radiomic parameters.

Tryptophan-supplemented diet modulates the metabolic response of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles reared under space-confined conditions and submitted to acute inflammation.

The energetic costs of being in stressful conditions require the involvement of hormones associated with metabolic support, which may also influence immune function. The present work aimed to explore the links between tryptophan nutrition and metabolic responses in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) held under space-confined conditions, and subsequently submitted to an immune challenge. To study that, two dietary treatments were evaluated, i.

Enhancing farmed fish welfare: Evaluating the effectiveness of plant-based stress mitigating agents as sedatives in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) following intraperitoneal vaccination.

The effectiveness of vaccines may be compromised by the stress response induced by intraperitoneal/intramuscular (IP/IM) vaccination due to an intimate interaction between the neuroendocrine and immune systems. Essential oils (EOs), known for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and sedative properties, are potential candidates to mitigate this stress response. This study investigates the short-term sedative effect of two essential oil-based products, FishEase-C (FEC) and FishEase-L (FEL) in sea bass prior to intraperitoneal vaccination (IP).

Concordance Between the Expert Reading of Biparametric-MRI and the Nonexpert Multiparametric-MRI for the Detection of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: Clinical Implications.

Purpose: Prostate-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interpretation is challenging, with expertise playing a crucial role. Biparametric MRI (bpMRI) is gaining popularity in experienced centers due to its time and cost advantages over multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). We aim to analyze concordance between nonexpert radiologist PI-RADS from mpMRI and expert radiologist PI-RADS from bpMRI, and its clinical implications.

Effects of early-life amino acids supplementation on fish responses to a thermal challenge.

Nutritional programming is a promising concept for promoting metabolic adaptation of fish to challenging conditions, such as the increase in water temperature. The present work evaluates in ovo arginine or glutamine supplementation as enhancers of zebrafish metabolic or absorptive capacity, respectively, at optimum (28 ºC) and challenging temperatures (32 ºC) in the long-term. Growth performance, free amino acids profile, methylation index and the activity levels of digestive and intermediary metabolism enzymes were analysed to assess the metabolic plasticity induced by an early nutritional intervention.

Protium heptaphyllum essential oil from the fruit as a sedative and anesthetic in Rhamdia quelen: influence in cardiac frequency, biochemical, and oxidative parameters.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Protium heptaphyllum fruit essential oil (PHEO) on the physiology of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) during anesthesia and recovery, through studying echocardiograms, oxidative status, and metabolic parameters. Three experiments were performed: (1) 50 silver catfish juveniles were submitted to anesthesia and recovery tests with 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 mg L of PHEO. (2) Echocardiogram analysis was performed in anesthetized and non-anesthetized fish.

Tissue explants as tools for studying the epigenetic modulation of the GH-IGF-I axis in farmed fish.

Somatic growth in vertebrates is mainly controlled by the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis. The role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating this axis in fish is far from being understood. This work aimed to optimize and evaluate the use of short-term culture of pituitary and liver explants from a farmed fish, the gilthead seabream , for studying epigenetic mechanisms involved in GH/IGF-I axis regulation.

Improved stability and specificity of baits for oral administration of substances to wild boar.

Oral vaccination is one of the most effective interventions for disease control in wildlife. As a result of the recent global reemergence of African swine fever and ongoing classical swine fever and animal tuberculosis, oral vaccination of Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) receives increased interest. Several baits for wild boar and feral pigs have been described, but developing more stable and personalized formulations is important.

Oral cortisol and dexamethasone intake: Differential physiology and transcriptional responses in the marine juvenile Sparus aurata.

This study approached the long-term oral administration of cortisol (F) and dexamethasone (DEX), two synthetic glucocorticoids, compared to a control group (CT) in the juveniles of a marine teleost, the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Physiologically, DEX treatment impaired growth, which appears to be linked to carbohydrate allocation in muscle and liver, hepatic triglycerides depletion, and reduced hematocrit. Hypophyseal gh mRNA expression was 2-fold higher in DEX than in CT or F groups.

Assessment of African swine fever vaccine candidate ASFV-G-∆MGF in a reversion to virulence study.

African swine fever (ASF) has gained panzootic dimensions and commercial vaccines are still unavailable. Recently, a series of live attenuated vaccines has raised hope for an efficacious and safe vaccine, among them "ASFV-G-∆MGF". We tested the latter in an in vivo reversion to virulence study in accordance with International Cooperation on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Veterinary Medicinal Products guidelines.

Assessing differences in the bioaccessibility of phenolics present in two wine by-products using an model of fish digestion.

Increasing attention is currently being paid to the protective role of polyphenols in health and oxidative status in fish. For this reason, the potential use of different natural sources of such compounds, like wine by products, is under study. One key step required to gain a better understanding on the biological roles of polyphenols for a given species is to assess the different factors affecting their digestive bioaccessibility, and a great number of such studies is based in the use of digestion models.

Clinical experience of thoracoplasty with absorbable rib substitutes.

Purpose: Malignant chest wall tumors are rare in pediatrics. They require multimodal oncological treatment and local surgical control. Resections are extensive; therefore, thoracoplasty should be planned to protect intrathoracic organs, prevent herniation, future deformities, preserve ventilatory dynamics, and enable radiotherapy.

Dietary Effects of a Short-Term Administration of Microalgae Blend on Growth Performance, Tissue Fatty Acids, and Predominant Intestinal Microbiota in .

Given the potential of microalgae as new aquafeed ingredients, this study focuses on using a blend of microalgae, , , and , as a dietary ingredient for feeding juveniles. The growth performance, carcass composition, tissue fatty acid profile, and intestinal microbiota were evaluated after a 30 day-feeding period. A microalgae-free diet was used as control, and three experimental diets were formulated containing 5%, 15%, and 25% of the microalgae blend (MB-5%, MB-15%, and MB-25%, respectively).

Evaluation of the Combined Administration of and in Diets for : Effects on Growth, Metabolism, and Digestive Functionality.

This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of dietary and ethanol-inactivated DCF12.2 (C + V diet) in juveniles, highlighting their nutritional, physiological, and morphological effects. The results showed that the combined dietary inclusion of and significantly enhanced growth performance and feed utilization compared to the control group.

Stress response of Rhamdia quelen to the interaction stocking density - Feeding regimen.

This study aimed to verify the effect of different feeding and stocking conditions during 14 days on the gene expression of several hormones and enzymes related to the stress cascade and metabolic parameters in silver catfish Rhamdia quelen under the following experimental conditions: 1) fed at low stocking density (2.5 kg m, LSD-F); 2) fed at high stocking density (32 kg m, HSD-F); 3) food-deprived at LSD (LSD-FD); and 4) food-deprived at HSD (HSD-FD). Fish from LSD-F and HSD-F groups were fed daily (1 % of their body mass), while fish from food-deprived groups (LSD-FD and HSD-FD) were not fed during the experimental time.

Taking a Promising Vaccine Candidate Further: Efficacy of ASFV-G-ΔMGF after Intramuscular Vaccination of Domestic Pigs and Oral Vaccination of Wild Boar.

African swine fever (ASF) is a pandemic threat to the global pig industry and wild suids. A safe and efficacious vaccine could monumentally assist in disease eradication. In the past years, promising live attenuated vaccine candidates emerged in proof-of-concept experiments, among which was "ASFV-G-∆MGF".

Metastasis of the abdominal wall in a patient with diagnosis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma: An interesting finding.

Tumors of the abdominal wall are rare, divided into benign and malignant lesions that are composed of primary tumors and by the parietal invasion of intra-abdominal tumors and metastatic parietal implants. In the case of metastases in the abdominal wall, the most frequent are metastases from neoplasms of colonic origin. The case described below is that of a 68-year-old patient with a history of stage IIA left lung adenocarcinoma who received partial response radiotherapy with an indication for chemotherapy, which she refused and lost follow-up.

The antibacterials ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim and sulfadiazine modulate gene expression, biomarkers and metabolites associated with stress and growth in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

The high consumption and subsequent input of antibacterial compounds in marine ecosystems has become a worldwide problem. Their continuous presence in these ecosystems allows a direct interaction with aquatic organisms and can cause negative effects over time. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of exposure to three antibacterial compounds of high consumption and presence in marine ecosystems (Ciprofloxacin CIP, Sulfadiazine SULF and Trimethoprim TRIM) on the physiology of the gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata.

Ictal paraphasia as an atypical manifestation of temporal lobe epilepsy.

Language disturbances are common manifestations of non-convulsive seizures in focal epilepsy. Ictal aphasia and speech arrest are the most representative. On the other hand, ictal paraphasia is a rare clinical manifestation of dominant temporal lobe epilepsy, with few cases reported in the literature.

Acute Stress in Lesser-Spotted Catshark ( Linnaeus, 1758) Promotes Amino Acid Catabolism and Osmoregulatory Imbalances.

Acute-stress situations in vertebrates induce a series of physiological responses to cope with the event. While common secondary stress responses include increased catabolism and osmoregulatory imbalances, specific processes depend on the taxa. In this sense, these processes are still largely unknown in ancient vertebrates such as marine elasmobranchs.

Acute Inflammation Induces Neuroendocrine and Opioid Receptor Genes Responses in the Seabass Brain.

In fish, as observed in mammals, any stressful event affects the immune system to a larger or shorter extent. The neuroendocrine-immune axis is a bi-directional network of mobile compounds and their receptors that are shared between both systems (neuroendocrine and immune) and that regulate their respective responses. However, how and to what extent immunity modulates the neuroendocrine system is not yet fully elucidated.

Cortisol and Dexamethasone Mediate Glucocorticoid Actions in the Lesser Spotted Catshark ().

Corticosteroids are hormones produced in vertebrates exerting gluco- and mineralocorticoid actions (GC and MC) mediated by specific receptors (GR and MR, respectively). In elasmobranchs, the major circulating corticosteroid is the 1α-hydroxycorticosterone (1α-OHB). This hormone acts as a MC, but to date its role as a GC has not been established.

Dysregulation of Intestinal Physiology by Aflatoxicosis in the Gilthead Seabream ().

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin often present in food. This study aimed to understand the physiological effects of AFB1 on the seabream () gastrointestinal system. In a first approach, we investigated ion transport using the short-circuit current (I) technique in Ussing chambers in the anterior intestine (AI).